Early cancer detection by serum biomolecular fingerprinting spectroscopy with machine learning

Label-free surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)technique with ultra-sensitivity becomes more and more desirable in biomedical analysis,which is yet hindered by inefficient follow-up data analysis.Here we report an integrative method based on SERS and Artificial Intelligence for Cancer Screening(SERS-AICS)for liquid biopsy such as serum via silver nanowires,combining molecular vibrational signals processing with large-scale data mining algorithm.According to 382 healthy controls and 1582 patients from two independent cohorts,SERS-AICS not only distinguishes pan-cancer patients from health controls with 95.81% overall accuracy and 95.87% sensitivity at 95.40% specificity,but also screens out those samples at early cancer stage.The supereminent efficiency potentiates SERS-AICS a promising tool for detecting cancer with broader types at earlier stage,accompanying with the establishment of a data platform for further deep analysis.

Recent progress in the fabrication of SERS substrates based on the arrays of polystyrene nanospheres

Micro/nanostructures have broad applications in diverse application fields, such as surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), photocatalysis, field emission, photonic crystals, microfluidic devices, electrochemical devices, etc. Using polystyrene (PS) spheres formed monolayer colloidal crystal templates as masks, scaffolds, or molds with different materials growth techniques, many different periodic nanostructured arrays can be obtained with the building units varied from nanoparticles, nanopores, nanorings, nanorods, to nanoshells. Significant progresses have been made on the synthesis of micro/nanostructures with efficient SERS response. In this review, we mainly focus on the various PS template-based fabrication techniques in realizing micro/nanostructured arrays and the SERS applications.

In situ strain electrical atomic force microscopy study on two-dimensional ternary transition metal dichalcogenides

Atomically thin two-dimensional(2D)alloys have attracted wide interests of study recently due to their potential in flexible electronic and optoelectronic applications.In particular,monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD)alloys have emerged as unique 2D semiconductors with tunable bandgaps,by means of alloying.However,response of surface electrical potential and barrier height to strain for 2D TMD alloys–electrode interface is rarely explored.Apparently,revealing such strain-dependent evolution of electrical properties is crucial for developing advanced 2D TMD based flexible electronics and opto-electronics.Here we performed in situ strain Kelvin probe force microscopy(KPFM)and conductive atomic force microscopy(C-AFM)investigations of monolayer Mo_(0.4)W_(0.6)Se_(2) on Au coated flexible substrate,where controlled uni-axial tensile strain is applied.Both contact potential difference(CPD)and Schottky barrier heights(SBH)of monolayer Mo_(0.4) W_(0.6)Se_(2) show obvious decreases with the increase of strain,which is mainly due to the strain-induced increment of TMD electron affinity.Our in situ strain photoluminescence(PL)measurements also indicate the changes of electronic band structures under strain.We further exploit the substrate effects on CPD by study the monolayer alloy on the mostly used substrates of SiO 2/Si and indium tin oxide(ITO)/glass.Our findings could strengthen the foundation for the potential applications of 2D TMD and their alloys in the fields of strain sensors,flexible photodetectors,and other wearable electronic devices.