Tree ring dating plays an important role in obtaining past climate information.The fundamental study of obtaining tree ring samples in typical climate regions is particularly essential.The optimum distribution of tree...Tree ring dating plays an important role in obtaining past climate information.The fundamental study of obtaining tree ring samples in typical climate regions is particularly essential.The optimum distribution of tree ring sampling sites based on climate information from the Climate Observation Network(ORPOM model) is presented in this article.In this setup,the tree rings in a typical region are used for surface representation,by applying excellent correlation with the climate information as the main principle.Taking the Horqin Sandy Land in the cold and arid region of China as an example,the optimum distribution range of the tree ring sampling sites was obtained through the application of the ORPOM model,which is considered a reasonably practical scheme.展开更多
Traditional optimal scheduling methods are limited to accurate physical models and parameter settings, which aredifficult to adapt to the uncertainty of source and load, and there are problems such as the inability to...Traditional optimal scheduling methods are limited to accurate physical models and parameter settings, which aredifficult to adapt to the uncertainty of source and load, and there are problems such as the inability to make dynamicdecisions continuously. This paper proposed a dynamic economic scheduling method for distribution networksbased on deep reinforcement learning. Firstly, the economic scheduling model of the new energy distributionnetwork is established considering the action characteristics of micro-gas turbines, and the dynamic schedulingmodel based on deep reinforcement learning is constructed for the new energy distribution network system with ahigh proportion of new energy, and the Markov decision process of the model is defined. Secondly, Second, for thechanging characteristics of source-load uncertainty, agents are trained interactively with the distributed networkin a data-driven manner. Then, through the proximal policy optimization algorithm, agents adaptively learn thescheduling strategy and realize the dynamic scheduling decision of the new energy distribution network system.Finally, the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method are verified by an improved IEEE 33-node simulationsystem.展开更多
The escalating deployment of distributed power sources and random loads in DC distribution networks hasamplified the potential consequences of faults if left uncontrolled. To expedite the process of achieving an optim...The escalating deployment of distributed power sources and random loads in DC distribution networks hasamplified the potential consequences of faults if left uncontrolled. To expedite the process of achieving an optimalconfiguration of measurement points, this paper presents an optimal configuration scheme for fault locationmeasurement points in DC distribution networks based on an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm.Initially, a measurement point distribution optimization model is formulated, leveraging compressive sensing.The model aims to achieve the minimum number of measurement points while attaining the best compressivesensing reconstruction effect. It incorporates constraints from the compressive sensing algorithm and networkwide viewability. Subsequently, the traditional particle swarm algorithm is enhanced by utilizing the Haltonsequence for population initialization, generating uniformly distributed individuals. This enhancement reducesindividual search blindness and overlap probability, thereby promoting population diversity. Furthermore, anadaptive t-distribution perturbation strategy is introduced during the particle update process to enhance the globalsearch capability and search speed. The established model for the optimal configuration of measurement points issolved, and the results demonstrate the efficacy and practicality of the proposed method. The optimal configurationreduces the number of measurement points, enhances localization accuracy, and improves the convergence speedof the algorithm. These findings validate the effectiveness and utility of the proposed approach.展开更多
Although inoculation of COVID-19 vaccines has rolled out globally,there is still a critical need for safe and effective vaccines to ensure fair and equitable supply for all countries.Here,we report on the development ...Although inoculation of COVID-19 vaccines has rolled out globally,there is still a critical need for safe and effective vaccines to ensure fair and equitable supply for all countries.Here,we report on the development of a highly efficacious mRNA vaccine,SW0123 that is composed of sequence-modified mRNA encoding the full-length SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein packaged in core-shell structured lipopolyplex(LPP)nanoparticles.SWOT 23 is easy to produce using a large-scale microfluidics-based apparatus.The unique core-shell structured nanoparticle facilitates vaccine uptake and demonstrates a high colloidal stability,and a desirable biodistribution pattern with low liver targeting effect upon intramuscular administration.Extensive evaluations in mice and nonhuman primates revealed strong immunogenicity of SW0123,represented by induction of Th1-polarized T cell responses and high levels of antibodies that were capable of neutralizing not only the wild-type SARS-CoV-2,but also a panel of variants including D614G and N501Y variants.In addition,SW0123 conferred effective protection in both mice and non-human primates upon SARS-CoV-2 challenge.Taken together,SW0123 is a promising vaccine candidate that holds prospects for further evaluation in humans.展开更多
The dynamic response and energy absorption performance of foam-filled tubes under lateral external blast loading were investigated experimentally and numerically.A series of blast tests for the foam-filled tubes with ...The dynamic response and energy absorption performance of foam-filled tubes under lateral external blast loading were investigated experimentally and numerically.A series of blast tests for the foam-filled tubes with different geometric parameters were carried out by the use of the ballistic pendulum system.Experimental results were compared with the numerical simulation results employing the software ABAQUS.The results showed that the finite element(FE)analysis was in good agreement with the experimental data.The effects of the diameter and wall thickness of the outer tube,the TNT explosive charge mass,and the standoff distance on the deformation modes,the blast resistance,and the energy absorption performance of the foam-filled tubes were investigated.Three deformation modes of the foam-filled tubes were observed under the lateral external blast loading,including local plastic deformation,large plastic deformation with an elliptic shape,and the tearing of the outer tube.The result revealed that the introduction of the foam core played a vital role in the deflection and energy absorption capacity of the structure.This study provided effective guidelines for designing foam-filled tubes with high energy absorption efficiency.展开更多
Primary angle closure glaucoma(PACG)is one of the most common causes of irreversible blindness in Asia and about 80%of PACG are present in Asia(Song et al.,2017).Genetics plays an important role in the development of ...Primary angle closure glaucoma(PACG)is one of the most common causes of irreversible blindness in Asia and about 80%of PACG are present in Asia(Song et al.,2017).Genetics plays an important role in the development of PACG(Gramer et al.,2014).Recently,eight common SNPs were found to be strongly associated with PACG(Vithana et al.,2012;Khor et al.,2016)and mutations in MYRF cause high hyperopia accompanied with PACG(Xiao et al.,2019).展开更多
Photovoltaic(PV)and battery energy storage systems(BESSs)are key components in the energy market and crucial contributors to carbon emission reduction targets.These systems can not only provide energy but can also gen...Photovoltaic(PV)and battery energy storage systems(BESSs)are key components in the energy market and crucial contributors to carbon emission reduction targets.These systems can not only provide energy but can also generate considerable revenue by providing frequency regulation services and participating in carbon trading.This study proposes a bidding strategy for PV and BESSs operating in joint energy and frequency regulation markets,with a specific focus on carbon reduction benefits.A two-stage bidding framework that optimizes the profit of PV and BESSs is presented.In the first stage,the day-ahead energy market takes into account potential real-time forecast deviations.In the second stage,the real-time balancing market uses a rolling optimization method to account for multiple uncertainties.Notably,a real-time frequency regulation control method is proposed for the participation of PV and BESSs in automatic generation control(AGC).This is particularly relevant given the uncertainty of grid frequency fluctuations in the optimization model of the real-time balancing market.This control method dynamically assigns the frequency regulation amount undertaken by the PV and BESSs according to the control interval in which the area control error(ACE)occurs.The case study results demonstrate that the proposed bidding strategy not only enables the PV and BESSs to effectively participate in the grid frequency regulation response but also yields considerable carbon emission reduction benefits and effectively improves the system operation economy.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50869005)
文摘Tree ring dating plays an important role in obtaining past climate information.The fundamental study of obtaining tree ring samples in typical climate regions is particularly essential.The optimum distribution of tree ring sampling sites based on climate information from the Climate Observation Network(ORPOM model) is presented in this article.In this setup,the tree rings in a typical region are used for surface representation,by applying excellent correlation with the climate information as the main principle.Taking the Horqin Sandy Land in the cold and arid region of China as an example,the optimum distribution range of the tree ring sampling sites was obtained through the application of the ORPOM model,which is considered a reasonably practical scheme.
基金the State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Supply Co.,Ltd.(Research on Scheduling Decision Technology Based on Interactive Reinforcement Learning for Adapting High Proportion of New Energy,No.2023YF-49).
文摘Traditional optimal scheduling methods are limited to accurate physical models and parameter settings, which aredifficult to adapt to the uncertainty of source and load, and there are problems such as the inability to make dynamicdecisions continuously. This paper proposed a dynamic economic scheduling method for distribution networksbased on deep reinforcement learning. Firstly, the economic scheduling model of the new energy distributionnetwork is established considering the action characteristics of micro-gas turbines, and the dynamic schedulingmodel based on deep reinforcement learning is constructed for the new energy distribution network system with ahigh proportion of new energy, and the Markov decision process of the model is defined. Secondly, Second, for thechanging characteristics of source-load uncertainty, agents are trained interactively with the distributed networkin a data-driven manner. Then, through the proximal policy optimization algorithm, agents adaptively learn thescheduling strategy and realize the dynamic scheduling decision of the new energy distribution network system.Finally, the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method are verified by an improved IEEE 33-node simulationsystem.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52177074).
文摘The escalating deployment of distributed power sources and random loads in DC distribution networks hasamplified the potential consequences of faults if left uncontrolled. To expedite the process of achieving an optimalconfiguration of measurement points, this paper presents an optimal configuration scheme for fault locationmeasurement points in DC distribution networks based on an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm.Initially, a measurement point distribution optimization model is formulated, leveraging compressive sensing.The model aims to achieve the minimum number of measurement points while attaining the best compressivesensing reconstruction effect. It incorporates constraints from the compressive sensing algorithm and networkwide viewability. Subsequently, the traditional particle swarm algorithm is enhanced by utilizing the Haltonsequence for population initialization, generating uniformly distributed individuals. This enhancement reducesindividual search blindness and overlap probability, thereby promoting population diversity. Furthermore, anadaptive t-distribution perturbation strategy is introduced during the particle update process to enhance the globalsearch capability and search speed. The established model for the optimal configuration of measurement points issolved, and the results demonstrate the efficacy and practicality of the proposed method. The optimal configurationreduces the number of measurement points, enhances localization accuracy, and improves the convergence speedof the algorithm. These findings validate the effectiveness and utility of the proposed approach.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0500301,2020YFC0840900,and 2020YFC0842200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82041041,82061138008)+1 种基金Shanghai Pujiang Talent Program(2020PJD068,to A.L.)internal funds from Stemirna Therapeutics.
文摘Although inoculation of COVID-19 vaccines has rolled out globally,there is still a critical need for safe and effective vaccines to ensure fair and equitable supply for all countries.Here,we report on the development of a highly efficacious mRNA vaccine,SW0123 that is composed of sequence-modified mRNA encoding the full-length SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein packaged in core-shell structured lipopolyplex(LPP)nanoparticles.SWOT 23 is easy to produce using a large-scale microfluidics-based apparatus.The unique core-shell structured nanoparticle facilitates vaccine uptake and demonstrates a high colloidal stability,and a desirable biodistribution pattern with low liver targeting effect upon intramuscular administration.Extensive evaluations in mice and nonhuman primates revealed strong immunogenicity of SW0123,represented by induction of Th1-polarized T cell responses and high levels of antibodies that were capable of neutralizing not only the wild-type SARS-CoV-2,but also a panel of variants including D614G and N501Y variants.In addition,SW0123 conferred effective protection in both mice and non-human primates upon SARS-CoV-2 challenge.Taken together,SW0123 is a promising vaccine candidate that holds prospects for further evaluation in humans.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11772216,12072219 and 11902215)。
文摘The dynamic response and energy absorption performance of foam-filled tubes under lateral external blast loading were investigated experimentally and numerically.A series of blast tests for the foam-filled tubes with different geometric parameters were carried out by the use of the ballistic pendulum system.Experimental results were compared with the numerical simulation results employing the software ABAQUS.The results showed that the finite element(FE)analysis was in good agreement with the experimental data.The effects of the diameter and wall thickness of the outer tube,the TNT explosive charge mass,and the standoff distance on the deformation modes,the blast resistance,and the energy absorption performance of the foam-filled tubes were investigated.Three deformation modes of the foam-filled tubes were observed under the lateral external blast loading,including local plastic deformation,large plastic deformation with an elliptic shape,and the tearing of the outer tube.The result revealed that the introduction of the foam core played a vital role in the deflection and energy absorption capacity of the structure.This study provided effective guidelines for designing foam-filled tubes with high energy absorption efficiency.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, China (81770965 and 30971588)the Science and Technology Planning Projects of Guangzhou, China (201607020013)the Fundamental Research Funds of the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology,China
文摘Primary angle closure glaucoma(PACG)is one of the most common causes of irreversible blindness in Asia and about 80%of PACG are present in Asia(Song et al.,2017).Genetics plays an important role in the development of PACG(Gramer et al.,2014).Recently,eight common SNPs were found to be strongly associated with PACG(Vithana et al.,2012;Khor et al.,2016)and mutations in MYRF cause high hyperopia accompanied with PACG(Xiao et al.,2019).
基金supported by the Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Project(No.20220203163SF).
文摘Photovoltaic(PV)and battery energy storage systems(BESSs)are key components in the energy market and crucial contributors to carbon emission reduction targets.These systems can not only provide energy but can also generate considerable revenue by providing frequency regulation services and participating in carbon trading.This study proposes a bidding strategy for PV and BESSs operating in joint energy and frequency regulation markets,with a specific focus on carbon reduction benefits.A two-stage bidding framework that optimizes the profit of PV and BESSs is presented.In the first stage,the day-ahead energy market takes into account potential real-time forecast deviations.In the second stage,the real-time balancing market uses a rolling optimization method to account for multiple uncertainties.Notably,a real-time frequency regulation control method is proposed for the participation of PV and BESSs in automatic generation control(AGC).This is particularly relevant given the uncertainty of grid frequency fluctuations in the optimization model of the real-time balancing market.This control method dynamically assigns the frequency regulation amount undertaken by the PV and BESSs according to the control interval in which the area control error(ACE)occurs.The case study results demonstrate that the proposed bidding strategy not only enables the PV and BESSs to effectively participate in the grid frequency regulation response but also yields considerable carbon emission reduction benefits and effectively improves the system operation economy.
