Simultaneous removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) in off-gas mixture from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is difficult due to the occasional inhibitory effects of H2S on ...Simultaneous removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) in off-gas mixture from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is difficult due to the occasional inhibitory effects of H2S on VOSC degradation. In this study, a two-stage bio-trickling filter (BTF) system was developed to treat off-gas mixture from a real WWTP facility. At an empty bed retention time of 40 s, removal efficiencies of H2S, methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, and dimethyl disulfide were 90.1, 88.4, 85.8 and 61.8%, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of lifting load shock on system performance was investigated and results indicated that removal of both H2S and VOSCs was slightly affected. Illumina Miseq sequencing revealed that the microbial community of first-stage BTF contained high abundance of H2S-affinity genera including Acidithiobacillus (51.43%), Metallibacterium (25.35%), and Thionomas (8.08%). Analysis of mechanism demonstrated that first stage of BTF removed 86.1% of H2S, mitigating the suppression on VOSC degradation in second stage of BTF. Overall, the twostage BTF system, an innovative bioprocess, can simultaneously remove H2S and VOSC.展开更多
Optical modulators have been and will continue to be essential devices for energy-and cost-efficient optical communication networks.Heterogeneous silicon and lithium niobate modulators have demonstrated promising perf...Optical modulators have been and will continue to be essential devices for energy-and cost-efficient optical communication networks.Heterogeneous silicon and lithium niobate modulators have demonstrated promising performances of low optical loss,low drive voltage,and large modulation bandwidth.However,DC bias drift is a major drawback of optical modulators using lithium niobate as the active electro-optic material.Here,we demonstrate high-speed and bias-drift-free Mach–Zehnder modulators based on the heterogeneous silicon and lithium niobate platform.The devices combine stable thermo-optic DC biases in silicon and ultra-fast electro-optic modulation in lithium niobate,and exhibit a low insertion loss of 1.8 d B,a low half-wave voltage of 3 V,an electro-optic modulation bandwidth of at least 70 GHz,and modulation data rates up to 128 Gb/s.展开更多
High-performance batteries with high density and low cost are needed for the development of largescale energy storage fields such as electric vehicles and renewable energy systems.The anode with threedimensional(3D)na...High-performance batteries with high density and low cost are needed for the development of largescale energy storage fields such as electric vehicles and renewable energy systems.The anode with threedimensional(3D)nanoarchitecture is one of the most attractive candidates for high-performance lithiumion batteries(LIBs)and sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to its efficient electron/ion transport and high active material mass loading.Although some important breakthroughs have been made in 3D nanoarchitecture anode materials,more improvements are still needed for high cycling stability and high energy density.Herein,the latest research progress of 3D nanoarchitecture anode materials for LIBs and SIBs is reviewed,including nanoporous metal,nanoporous graphene,and their derived foams.Specifically,the storage properties of Li/Na ions,the kinetics of ion/electron transport,and specific chemical interactions are discussed based on the structure design.In addition,the research strategies and structural characteristics of 3D nanoarchitecture anode materials are summarized,providing a reference for the further development of LIBs and SIBs.Meanwhile,the future research directions of LIBs and SIBs have also prospected.展开更多
Over the past few decades,the enzyme-mimicking activity of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)accompanied with struc-tural characteristics has aroused much attention.However,pure MOFs have low affinity with DNA.Here,iron-b...Over the past few decades,the enzyme-mimicking activity of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)accompanied with struc-tural characteristics has aroused much attention.However,pure MOFs have low affinity with DNA.Here,iron-based MOFs with acidized carbon nanotubes(CNTs)via a simple hydrothermal process have been synthesized,named as MIL-88(NH_(2))-Fe@CNTs.CNTs can enhance the affinity between MOF and DNA,achieving flexible regulation of their catalytic activity benefiting from the strongπ−πstacking between CNTs and DNA.Meanwhile,in comparison with conventional iron-based MOFs,the addition of CNTs,which contributes to the acceleration of electron transfer,endowing as-prepared nanocomposites remarkably enhanced peroxidase-like activity to achieve an ultrasensitive detection of H_(2)O_(2) with the LOD of 17.64μg/L.Notably,the as-prepared nanocomposites with adsorbed DNA displayed excellent affinity towards both TMB(3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine)substrates and H_(2)O_(2) as well as high catalytic velocity.On the basis of their switchable peroxidase-like activity regulated by different length or sequence of ssDNA,it is believed that our-prepared MOF-based nanomaterials would be promising for fabricating versatile and sensitive label-free colorimetric assays for diverse targets.展开更多
文摘Simultaneous removal of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) in off-gas mixture from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is difficult due to the occasional inhibitory effects of H2S on VOSC degradation. In this study, a two-stage bio-trickling filter (BTF) system was developed to treat off-gas mixture from a real WWTP facility. At an empty bed retention time of 40 s, removal efficiencies of H2S, methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide, and dimethyl disulfide were 90.1, 88.4, 85.8 and 61.8%, respectively. Furthermore, the effect of lifting load shock on system performance was investigated and results indicated that removal of both H2S and VOSCs was slightly affected. Illumina Miseq sequencing revealed that the microbial community of first-stage BTF contained high abundance of H2S-affinity genera including Acidithiobacillus (51.43%), Metallibacterium (25.35%), and Thionomas (8.08%). Analysis of mechanism demonstrated that first stage of BTF removed 86.1% of H2S, mitigating the suppression on VOSC degradation in second stage of BTF. Overall, the twostage BTF system, an innovative bioprocess, can simultaneously remove H2S and VOSC.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFB1803900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11690031,11761131001)+6 种基金Guangzhou Science and Technology Program(201707010096)Key RD Program of Guangdong Province(2018B030329001)Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(2017BT01X121)Innovation Fund of WNLO(2018WNLOKF010)Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2019B121204003)Project of Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics,Ministry of Education(RIMP2019003)Opening funds from State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies of China,Sun Yat-sen University(OEMT-2018-KF-04)。
文摘Optical modulators have been and will continue to be essential devices for energy-and cost-efficient optical communication networks.Heterogeneous silicon and lithium niobate modulators have demonstrated promising performances of low optical loss,low drive voltage,and large modulation bandwidth.However,DC bias drift is a major drawback of optical modulators using lithium niobate as the active electro-optic material.Here,we demonstrate high-speed and bias-drift-free Mach–Zehnder modulators based on the heterogeneous silicon and lithium niobate platform.The devices combine stable thermo-optic DC biases in silicon and ultra-fast electro-optic modulation in lithium niobate,and exhibit a low insertion loss of 1.8 d B,a low half-wave voltage of 3 V,an electro-optic modulation bandwidth of at least 70 GHz,and modulation data rates up to 128 Gb/s.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFB3802200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51801136)+2 种基金the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation of China(No.18JCYBJC41800)the Tianjin science and technology project(Nos.18ZXJMTG00300,20ZYJDJC00100)the Discovery Early Career Researcher Award(DECRA,No.DE180101478)of the Australian Research Council。
文摘High-performance batteries with high density and low cost are needed for the development of largescale energy storage fields such as electric vehicles and renewable energy systems.The anode with threedimensional(3D)nanoarchitecture is one of the most attractive candidates for high-performance lithiumion batteries(LIBs)and sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to its efficient electron/ion transport and high active material mass loading.Although some important breakthroughs have been made in 3D nanoarchitecture anode materials,more improvements are still needed for high cycling stability and high energy density.Herein,the latest research progress of 3D nanoarchitecture anode materials for LIBs and SIBs is reviewed,including nanoporous metal,nanoporous graphene,and their derived foams.Specifically,the storage properties of Li/Na ions,the kinetics of ion/electron transport,and specific chemical interactions are discussed based on the structure design.In addition,the research strategies and structural characteristics of 3D nanoarchitecture anode materials are summarized,providing a reference for the further development of LIBs and SIBs.Meanwhile,the future research directions of LIBs and SIBs have also prospected.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21777012)the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(B13012)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(IRT_13R05).
文摘Over the past few decades,the enzyme-mimicking activity of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)accompanied with struc-tural characteristics has aroused much attention.However,pure MOFs have low affinity with DNA.Here,iron-based MOFs with acidized carbon nanotubes(CNTs)via a simple hydrothermal process have been synthesized,named as MIL-88(NH_(2))-Fe@CNTs.CNTs can enhance the affinity between MOF and DNA,achieving flexible regulation of their catalytic activity benefiting from the strongπ−πstacking between CNTs and DNA.Meanwhile,in comparison with conventional iron-based MOFs,the addition of CNTs,which contributes to the acceleration of electron transfer,endowing as-prepared nanocomposites remarkably enhanced peroxidase-like activity to achieve an ultrasensitive detection of H_(2)O_(2) with the LOD of 17.64μg/L.Notably,the as-prepared nanocomposites with adsorbed DNA displayed excellent affinity towards both TMB(3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine)substrates and H_(2)O_(2) as well as high catalytic velocity.On the basis of their switchable peroxidase-like activity regulated by different length or sequence of ssDNA,it is believed that our-prepared MOF-based nanomaterials would be promising for fabricating versatile and sensitive label-free colorimetric assays for diverse targets.