Reform and Exploration of Integrating"Service Learning"into the Teaching of Pathogenic Biology of Aquatic Animals to Help Rural Revitalization

This paper intends to combine the development trend of the subject,restructure and optimize the course content,and construct the service learning model of Pathogenic Biology of Aquatic Animals for postgraduates.At the same time,through service practice,it is needed to further consolidate curriculum knowledge and skills,stimulate the learning initiative and enthusiasm of postgraduates,expand professional knowledge,improve professional quality,and lay a solid foundation for serving the national rural revitalization strategy in the future.

Effects of Prestressing of the Ring Gear in Interference Fit on Flexural Fatigue Strength of Tooth Root

When the gearbox body interference is connected to the ring gear, prestressing occurs in the ring gear, which has a significant impact on the strength and life of the gear. Research on the prestressing of the inner ring gear is in the preliminary stage, and the distribution rule of the prestressing and the influence of each parameter on the interference prestressing have not been derived. In this paper, based on the method of calculating the prestressing of the thick cylinder in interference fit, the ring gear is found to be equivalent to a thick cylinder, and the distribution rule of prestressing of the ring gear in the interference fit is inferred. Then, by modeling and analyzing the gearbox body and ring gear in the interference fit using ABAQUS, the distribution rule of prestressing the ring gear in the interference fit is obtained through a numerical simulation. Finally, the prestressing of the ring gear in the interference fit is measured using X-ray di raction, and the distribution rule of prestressing of the ring gear in the interference fit is obtained through analysis. Compared with the distribution rule of prestressing in theory, numerical simulation, and experiment, the theoretical distribution rule of prestressing is amended through a statistical method, and a more accurate formula of prestressing is obtained. Through the calculation of the stress and bending moment in the dangerous section of the ring gear through prestressing, the formula for checking the tooth root flexural fatigue strength in the interference fit prestressing is inferred. This research proposes a tooth root bending strength conditional formula for the inner ring gear of the interference fit, which serves as a guide for the design and production of the actual interference joint inner ring gear.

Construction of Case Database for Postgraduate Course Aquatic Animal Pathogen Biology

As an application instructional course for Aquatic Animal Medicine(AAM),Aquatic Animal Pathogen Biology needs to be guided by a large number of examples and cases,but the current case database construction faces many urgent problems.In view of this,this paper analyzes the characteristics of professional education of AAM postgraduate students.With the goal of cultivating applied personnel that meet the requirements of the times,and the guiding ideology of strengthening the reform of the education model in colleges and universities,and improving the quantity and quality of personnel training,it builds a case database for the course Aquatic Animal Pathogen Biology in accordance with modern postgraduate teaching needs.

Natural variations of ZmSRO1d modulate the trade-off between drought resistance and yield by affecting ZmRBOHC-mediated stomatal ROS production in maize

While crop yields have historically increased,drought resistance has become a major concern in the context of global climate change.The trade-off between crop yield and drought resistance is a common phenomenon;however,the underlying molecular modulators remain undetermined.Through genome-wide association study,we revealed that three non-synonymous variants in a drought-resistant allele of ZmSRO1d-R resulted in plasma membrane localization and enhanced mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of ZmSRO1d toward ZmRBOHC,which increased reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in guard cells and promoted stomatal closure.ZmSRO1d-R enhanced plant drought resilience and protected grain yields under drought conditions,but it led to yield drag under favorable conditions.In contrast,loss-of-function mutants of ZmRBOHC showed remarkably increased yields under well-watered conditions,whereas they showed compromised drought resistance.Interestingly,by analyzing 189 teosinte accessions,we found that the ZmSRO1d-R allele was present in teosinte but was selected against during maize domestication and modern breeding.Collectively,our work suggests that the allele frequency reduction of ZmSRO1d-R in breeding programs may have compromised maize drought resistance while increased yields.Therefore,introduction of the ZmSRO1d-R allele into modern maize cultivars would contribute to food security under drought stress caused by global climate change.

吡啶封端噻吩酰亚胺衍生物对含硼路易斯酸的光谱响应

光学带隙是影响光电材料性能的一个重要参数,决定着光电功能材料的性能和应用.本文设计合成了两种以2-位和4-位取代吡啶封端的噻吩酰亚胺(TPD)衍生物TPD-2-Py和TPD-4-Py.核磁共振谱、吸收光谱和发射光谱分析证明,它们可以通过吡啶环上的氮原子与路易斯酸三(五氟苯基)硼烷(BCF)络合.吸收光谱显示,TPD-2-Py和TPD-4-Py具有类似的吸收,与BCF络合后,它们的吸收光谱都发生了红移.进一步吸收光谱滴定实验发现,TPD-4-Py更易于与BCF配位,且TPD-4-Py与BCF络合物的最大吸收峰比TPD-2-Py与BCF络合物的最大吸收峰红移了20 nm,表明吡啶的取代位置对BCF的配位能力具有重要影响,而且改变吡啶取代位置可以实现对光学带隙的进一步调控.

PlaD： A Transcriptomics Database for Plant Defense Responses to Pathogens, Providing New Insights into Plant Immune System

High-throughput transcriptomics technologies have been widely used to study plant transcriptional reprogramming during the process of plant defense responses, and a large quantity of gene expression data have been accumulated in public repositories. However, utilization of these data is often hampered by the lack of standard metadata annotation. In this study, we curated2444 public pathogenesis-related gene expression samples from the model plant Arabidopsis and three major crops （maize, rice, and wheat）. We organized the data into a user-friendly database termed as PlaD. Currently, PlaD contains three key features. First, it provides large-scale curated data related to plant defense responses, including gene expression and gene functional annotation data.Second, it provides the visualization of condition-specific expression profiles. Third, it allows users to search co-regulated genes under the infections of various pathogens. Using PlaD, we conducted a large-scale transcriptome analysis to explore the global landscape of gene expression in the curated data. We found that only a small fraction of genes were differentially expressed under multiple conditions, which might be explained by their tendency of having more network connections and shorter network distances in gene networks. Collectively, we hope that PlaD can serve as an important and comprehensive knowledgebase to the community of plant sciences, providing insightful clues to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying plant immune responses. PlaD is freely available at http：//systbio.cau.edu.cn/plad/index.php or http：//zzdlab.com/plad/index.php.

Cytotoxicity of mitochondrial-targeting silica-coated manganese oxide nanoparticles

The mitochondrion is a promising target for diagnosis and therapy. Mitochondrial-targeting silica-coated manganese oxide nanoparticles(Mn O@Si O2-PPh3+ NPs) were successfully synthesized to explore the mitochondrial cytotoxicity of nanoparticles. The mitochondrial targeting property was confirmed by a laser scanning confocal microscopy experiment. Even after incubation for only 4 h, the cytotoxicity of Mn O@Si O2-PPh3+ NPs against cancer cells was obvious; the ATP content was significantly decreased to 40%; and the mitochondrial membrane potential was depleted. All of these results indicated the collapse of mitochondrial function and the start of a cell apoptosis pathway. Our findings suggest that mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis could be strengthened by targeting to the subcellular compartment.

Prediction and analysis of human-herpes simplex virus type 1 protein-protein interactions by integrating multiple methods

Background:Herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1)is a ubiquitous infectious pathogen that widely affects human health.To decipher the complicated human-HSV-1 interactions,a comprehensive protein-protein interaction(PPI)network between human and HSV-1 is highly demanded.Methods:To complement the experimental identification of human-HSV-1 PPIs,an integrative strategy to predict proteome-wide PPIs between human and HSV-1 was developed.For each human-HSV-1 protein pair,four popular PPI inference methods,including interolog mapping,the domain-domain interaction-based method,the domain-motif interaction-based method,and the machine learning-based method,were optimally implemented to generate four interaction probability scores,which were further integrated into a final probability score.Results:As a result,a comprehensive high-confidence PPI network between human and HSV-1 was established,covering 10,432 interactions between 4,546 human proteins and 72 HSV-1 proteins.Functional and network analyses of the HSV-1 targeting proteins in the context of human interactome can recapitulate the known knowledge regarding the HSV-1 replication cycle,supporting the overall reliability of the predicted PPI network.Considering that HSV-1 infections are implicated in encephalitis and neurodegenerative diseases,we focused on exploring the biological significance of the brain-specific human-HSV-1 PPIs.In particular,the predicted interactions between HSV-1 proteins and Alzheimer's-disease-related proteins were intensively investigated.Conclusion:The current work can provide testable hypotheses to assist in the mechanistic understanding of the human-HSV-1 relationship and the anti-HSV-1 pharmaceutical target discovery.To make the predicted PPI network and the datasets freely accessible to the scientific community,a user-friendly database browser was released at http://www.zzdlab.com/HintHSV/index.php.