Ethylenediamines reacted readily with 4-ethoxyl-1, 1, 1-trifluoro-3-butene- 2one to form 5-trifliuoromathyl-2,3-diazepine in good yields. Under the same reaction condition, o-phenylene diamine gave 2-trifluoro- methyl...Ethylenediamines reacted readily with 4-ethoxyl-1, 1, 1-trifluoro-3-butene- 2one to form 5-trifliuoromathyl-2,3-diazepine in good yields. Under the same reaction condition, o-phenylene diamine gave 2-trifluoro- methyl benzimidazole and benzimidazole.展开更多
Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy(SUDEP)is the most frequent cause of death in people with epilepsy.The detailed mechanisms of SUDEP have not been elucidated.Moreover,it is still difficult for clinicians to predict ...Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy(SUDEP)is the most frequent cause of death in people with epilepsy.The detailed mechanisms of SUDEP have not been elucidated.Moreover,it is still difficult for clinicians to predict and prevent the occurrence of sudden death in patients with epilepsy.Seizure‑related cardiac complications were considered to play a significant role in the physiological changes that lead to SUDEP.This report described a case of sudden death of an 11‑year‑old boy with epilepsy.Detailed autopsy and pathological analyses were performed to determine the cause of death.Seizure‑induced myocardial fibrosis was observed and deemed to be the cause of SUDEP.This study clearly showed the importance of improving the protection of cardiac function in the reductions of sudden deaths among patients with epilepsy.In addition,further studies in the pathophysiology of patients with epilepsy may help in improving our understanding of the mechanisms of SUDEP and adding new insight into the development of seizure‑induced cardiovascular and respiratory changes that may contribute to sudden death in epileptics.展开更多
Air embolism is a severe and fatal complication,but it is very rare during transurethral surgery.This report describes a case of air embolism during double‑J ureteral stent placement in a 45‑year‑old woman.During uret...Air embolism is a severe and fatal complication,but it is very rare during transurethral surgery.This report describes a case of air embolism during double‑J ureteral stent placement in a 45‑year‑old woman.During ureteroscopy,a sudden decrease in oxygen saturation and end‑expiratory carbon dioxide pressure and cyanosis of the face were observed.Subsequent echocardiography confirmed an air embolism by detecting bubbles in the heart.Despite resuscitative measures,the patient died rapidly.Detailed autopsy was performed to clarify the cause of death and the route of air entering into the circulatory system.The report presented here reminds urologists and pathologists that air embolism can occur during double‑J ureteral stent placement and offers some suggestions regarding identification of air embolism at autopsy.展开更多
基金The authors thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NNSFC) !(No. 29872051 and No. 29672041 ) for financial suppor
文摘Ethylenediamines reacted readily with 4-ethoxyl-1, 1, 1-trifluoro-3-butene- 2one to form 5-trifliuoromathyl-2,3-diazepine in good yields. Under the same reaction condition, o-phenylene diamine gave 2-trifluoro- methyl benzimidazole and benzimidazole.
文摘Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy(SUDEP)is the most frequent cause of death in people with epilepsy.The detailed mechanisms of SUDEP have not been elucidated.Moreover,it is still difficult for clinicians to predict and prevent the occurrence of sudden death in patients with epilepsy.Seizure‑related cardiac complications were considered to play a significant role in the physiological changes that lead to SUDEP.This report described a case of sudden death of an 11‑year‑old boy with epilepsy.Detailed autopsy and pathological analyses were performed to determine the cause of death.Seizure‑induced myocardial fibrosis was observed and deemed to be the cause of SUDEP.This study clearly showed the importance of improving the protection of cardiac function in the reductions of sudden deaths among patients with epilepsy.In addition,further studies in the pathophysiology of patients with epilepsy may help in improving our understanding of the mechanisms of SUDEP and adding new insight into the development of seizure‑induced cardiovascular and respiratory changes that may contribute to sudden death in epileptics.
文摘Air embolism is a severe and fatal complication,but it is very rare during transurethral surgery.This report describes a case of air embolism during double‑J ureteral stent placement in a 45‑year‑old woman.During ureteroscopy,a sudden decrease in oxygen saturation and end‑expiratory carbon dioxide pressure and cyanosis of the face were observed.Subsequent echocardiography confirmed an air embolism by detecting bubbles in the heart.Despite resuscitative measures,the patient died rapidly.Detailed autopsy was performed to clarify the cause of death and the route of air entering into the circulatory system.The report presented here reminds urologists and pathologists that air embolism can occur during double‑J ureteral stent placement and offers some suggestions regarding identification of air embolism at autopsy.
