Research and Practice of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation Training Programs

In today’s society, the incidence of cardiopulmonary diseases is increasing annually, seriously affecting patients’ quality of life. Therefore, developing a scientific and effective rehabilitation training program is of great significance. This study first analyzes the theoretical basis of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation training, including the effects of aerobic exercise, interval training, and strength training on cardiopulmonary function. Based on this, a comprehensive rehabilitation training program is designed, which includes personalized training plans, comprehensive interventions, multidisciplinary collaboration, patient education, and regular follow-up visits. The cardiopulmonary rehabilitation training plan developed in this study has certain scientific practicability, which provides a theoretical basis for cardiopulmonary rehabilitation training, and also provides a reference for medical institutions, rehabilitation centers and communities, which is helpful for promotion and application to a wider range of patients with cardiopulmonary diseases.

Nutritional Support under the Neuman Systems Model for Stroke Patients

Objective: To explore nutritional support under the Neuman systems model in treating dysphagia in stroke patients. Methods: In this retrospective study, we enrolled 97 patients with dysphagia after stroke admitted to our hospital, and randomly divided them into the Neuman group (n = 51) given nursing intervention based on Neuman systems model and a control group (n = 46) given routine nursing intervention. Both groups received nutritional support for 3 months. Nutritional indexes (serum total protein, plasma albumin, serum albumin, hemoglobin and transferrin levels) and immune indexes (immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, IgM and total lymphocyte count (TLC) in both groups were recorded and compared. Pulmonary function recovery, video fluoroscopic swallowing study score, water swallowing test score, complication rate, and health knowledge mastery level were also compared between the two groups. Results: After the intervention, the Neuman group showed less decrease in the nutritional and immune index scores (serum total protein, plasma albumin, hemoglobin, serum albumin;IgA, IgG, IgM, and TLC;all P Conclusion: For patients with stroke and dysphagia, comprehensive nursing intervention (e.g., nutritional support) under theNeuman systems model can promote the recovery of immune, swallowing, and pulmonary function, reduce complication incidence and facilitate comprehensive rehabilitation, ensuring adequate nutritional intake.

The transcriptome analysis of cleft lip/palate-related PTCH1 variants in GMSM-K cells show carcinogenic potential

Cancer progression involves the sonic hedgehog(SHH)pathway,in which the receptor PTCH1 actives the downstream pathways.Dysfunction of PTCH1 can lead to nevoid basal cell carcinoma Syndrome(NBCCs)including neoplastic disease and congenital disorder.To evaluate the relationship between PTCH1 and cancer,we applied the CRISPR/Cas9 system to knock out PTCH1 in oral nontumorous epithelial cells(GMSM-K).Then we screened six PTCH1 variants associated with cleft lip/palate(CL/P),one of the congenital disorders in NBCCs,and generated PTCH1 variant and wild-type recombinant PTCH1^(−/−)GMSM-K cell lines.Transcriptome sequencing was conducted in these cell lines.The results revealed that differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in PTCH1^(−/−)GMSM-K were enriched in extracellular compartments,contributing epithelial diseases by pathway enrichment analysis.RT-PCR confirmed that KRT34,KRT81,KRT86,PDGFB,and WNT10B genes,associated with extracellular compartments were highly expressed in PTCH1^(−/−).The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis also suggested that DEGs are closely related to focal adhesion,transcriptional misregulation,and proteoglycans in breast and gastric cancers.Comparative analysis of samples revealed that the CL/P-associated PTCH1 variants A443G and V908G are potentially carcinogenic.These findings provide new insights into the carcinogenic potential of PTCH1 dysfunction.

石墨烯量子点修饰的BiOI/PAN柔性纤维的制备及其增强的光催化活性

在环境治理中,光催化氧化是去除有机污染物的一种很有前途的技术。与吸附、生物降解和化学氧化等方法相比,光催化氧化可以通过环境友好的方式,完全、方便、廉价地消除有机污染物。光催化氧化中,又以可见光光催化氧化更具优势,这是因为可见光在太阳光中的能量比例较高。碘氧化铋(BiOI)是一种很有前途的可见光光催化剂,不仅具有较窄的带隙,而且具有较低的价带(VB),其产生的光生空穴能氧化分解多种有机污染物。然而,BiOI粉末回收困难、比表面积低、载流子复合快等缺点限制了其实际应用。同时,光催化剂的柔性和分级结构有利于这些材料的操作、回收和性能改进,也是非常可取的特性。为此,本文以j静电纺丝制备的聚丙烯腈(PAN)纳米纤维为基底,通过原位反应的方法,制备了具有分级结构的柔性BiOI/PAN复合纤维。在BiOI/PAN纤维中,BiOI薄片围绕PAN纤维、垂直均匀地排列在其表面,形成独特的分级结构。在制备的过程中,PAN纤维中掺入的Bi(Ⅲ)会先形成的BiOI晶核,并成为BiOI纳米片生长的种子。这对分级结构的形成至关重要。紫外-可见漫反射光谱和光致发光发射分析显示,这种分级结构可以改善BiOI/PAN光纤的光吸收,促进光生载流子的形成。因此,BiOI/PAN纤维比BiOI粉末具有更高的光催化活性。进一步,用预先制备的石墨烯量子点(GQDs)对BiOI/PAN纤维进行修饰,可制备出GQDs修饰的BiOI/PAN纤维复合材料(GQD-BiOI/PAN)。所制备GQD-BiOI/PAN的形貌与BiOI/PAN纤维几乎是一样的。通过制备方法、光致发光发射、反应自由基测试和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)的综合分析,证实了GQDs与BiOI之间会形成梯型(S型)异质结。这种S型异质结不仅能有效地抑制光生空穴的复合,而且能保留GQDs的最低未占据分子轨道(LUMO)上还原能力更强的电子,以及BiOI的VB上氧化能力更强的空穴,用于光催化降解苯酚。在纤维分级结构和S型异质结的共同作用下,GQD-BiOI/PAN在可见光光催化氧化苯酚中,其性能明显优于BiOI粉末和BiOI/PAN纳米纤维。此外,由于粘结紧密,GQD-BIOI/PAN可以进行裁剪和徒手操作,回收利用非常方便。在循环性能测试中,没有明显的样品损失和光催化活性的降低的现象。本文的工作为制备柔性光催化剂提供了一条新的途径,并对光催化剂的增强提供了新的视野。

Environmental Threshold of Phosphorus Infiltration in Red Soil under Different Land Use Patterns

The risk of soil phosphorus leaching increases in basin regions in light of large-scale use of phosphorus fertilizers because of agricultural modernization. In this study, we conducted an earth pillar simulation test on the infiltration threshold of red soil, Vaseline-coated PVC pipe, intact soil core, fine sand, and nylon filter was used for Penetration test, which covers the largest area of the Dianchi Lake Basin in China. Results showed that: 1) The contents of the total available phosphorus in algae (NaOH-P) and dissolved labile phosphorus (CaCl2-P) in red soil were consistent with the content of available phosphorus (Olsen-P) under different use patterns manifested by the law of greenhouse > open field > grassland. Grassland had the highest phosphorus sorption index (PSI), followed by the greenhouse and then by the open field. 2) The leachate under the same use pattern had the characteristics of total phosphorus (TP) > particle phosphorus (PP) > total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) > dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) > molybdate reactive phosphorus (MRP). The TP contents in the leachates of grassland, greenhouse, and open field were 0.46, 0.61, and 0.49 mg/L, respectively. DOP, TDP, PP, and MRP had similar contents, and their distributions in the three land types were consistent with that of TP. 3) Olsen-P had a significant correlation with TP, TDP, PP, and DOP in the leachates. Olsen-P of <40 mg/kg and PSI of >50 slightly influenced eutrophication. Moreover, Olsen-P of >40 and <70.90 mg/kg and PSI of >40 had minimal influence on the environment. Olsen-P of >70.90 mg/kg and PSI of <30 significantly influenced eutrophication in Dianchi Lake Basin. 4) When Olsen-P was >26.09 mg/kg, the TP content in the leachate increased sharply.

Piezoelectric nanofoams with the interlaced ultrathin graphene confining Zn–N–C dipoles for efficient piezocatalytic H_(2) evolution under low-frequency vibration

Unique nanofoams consisting of interweaved ultrathin graphene confining Zn–N–C dipoles (ZnNG) are constructed via calcination of Zn-coordinated precursor.Due to the introduction of local polar Zn–N–C configurations,with hypersensitivity for mechanical stress,the piezoelectricity is created on the nonpiezoelectric graphene,and the hierarchical ZnNG exhibits obvious piezocatalytic activity of water splitting for H_(2) production even under mild agitation.The corresponding rate of H_(2) production is about 14.65 μmol g^(-1)h^(-1).It triggers a breakthrough in piezocatalytic H_(2) evolution under low-frequency vibration,and takes a significant step forward for piezocatalysis towards practical applications.Furthermore,the presented concept of confining atomic polar configuration for engineering piezoelectricity would open up new horizon for constructing new-type piezoelectrics based on both piezoelectric and nonpiezoelectric materials.

Study on Spatial Variability of Soil Infiltration Coefficient in the Plain of the Yili River Valley in Xinjiang

22 typical test points and 8 profiles were selected and arranged in the plain of Yili River Valley based on lithological distribution and sedimentary characteristics to study spatial variability of soil infiltration coefficient. The results show that the infiltration coefficient of different geo-morphic units is as follows: the desert area > the pre-mountain alluvial-proluvial plain > river terrace,which is mainly related to the lithology of aeration zone,buried depth of groundwater and underlying surface. For the infiltration coefficient of different aeration zone mediums,the results are consistent with the changing law. The partition of plain of the Yili River Valley is based on geo-morphic units,infiltration coefficient and the lithology of aeration zone. The maximum infiltration coefficient is concentrated in the desert area,and there is zonal distribution of infiltration coefficient in plane.

Rare loss-of-function variants in FLNB cause non-syndromic orofacial clefts

Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are the most common congenital craniofacial disorders, of which the etiology is closely related to rare coding variants. Filamin B (FLNB) is an actin-binding protein implicated in bone formation. FLNB mutations have been identified in several types of syndromic OFCs and previous studies suggest a role of FLNB in the onset of non-syndromic OFCs (NSOFCs). Here, we report two rare heterozygous variants (p.P441T and p.G565R) in FLNB in two unrelated hereditary families with NSOFCs. Bioinformatics analysis suggests that both variants may disrupt the function of FLNB. In mammalian cells, p.P441T and p.G565R variants are less potent to induce cell stretches than wild type FLNB, suggesting that they are loss-of-function mutations. Immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrates that FLNB is abundantly expressed during palatal development. Importantly, Flnb^(−/−) embryos display cleft palates and previously defined skeletal defects. Taken together, our findings reveal that FLNB is required for development of palates in mice and FLNB is a bona fide causal gene for NSOFCs in humans.

Regulating the crystal phase of bismuth-based semiconductors for promoted photocatalytic performance

Numerous bismuth-based semiconductors(BBSs)with sophisticated and desirable structures used as photocatalysts for efficient photocatalytic degradation of water organic contaminants have attracted considerable attention.However,regulating the crystal phases and phase transition of BBSs for promoted photocatalytic performance is ignored.Herein,the unique crystal structure and band structure features of each typical BBSs,and the vital roles on phase controlling of each phase were systematically presented based on the classification of BBSs.Notably,the critical factors for the phase transition of BBSs and intrinsic driving forces endowed by phases of BBSs for enhanced photocatalytic performance of organic contaminants removal were also elucidated.This review will provide systematical guidelines and horizons for regulating the crystal phase and phase transition of BBSs,promoting photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of organic contaminants.

Exploring facile strategies for high-oxidation-state metal nitride synthesis: carbonate-assisted one-step synthesis of Ta_3N_5 films for solar water splitting

Metal nitrides are widely studied due to their outstanding physical properties, including high hardness,high thermal and chemical stability, low electrical resistivity etc. Generally, metal nitrides can be obtained from the direct reaction of metal and ammonia/nitrogen. However, some of the metal nitrides,such as Ta_3N_5, cannot be synthesized by direct nitridation of metals. To achieve Ta_3N_5, high-oxidationstate Ta precursors like Ta_2O_5, NaTaO_3, TaS_3, K_6Ta_(10.8)O_(30), Ta(N(CH_3)_2)_5 and TaCl_5 have to be employed,which is a time-consuming and laborious process with the possibility of introducing undesirable impurities. Here taking Ta_3N_5 as an example, a facile carbonate-assisted one-step nitridation method is proposed, which enables the direct synthesis of high-oxidation-state metal nitride films from metal precursors under ammonia flow. The mechanism of the nitridation process has been studied, which carbon dioxide released from carbonates decomposition reacts with metallic Ta and assists the one-step conversion of metallic Ta to Ta_3N_5. The as-prepared Ta_3N_5 film, after modified with NiFe layered double hydroxide, exhibits promising water splitting performance and stability. This method avoids the preoxidation process of metal precursors in high-oxidation-state metal nitride synthesis, and may facilitate the direct fabrication of other important metal nitrides besides Ta_3N_5.

Biodegradation behavior of magnesium and ZK60 alloy in artificial urine and rat models

In this work, the biodegradable and histocompatibility properties of pure Mg and ZK60 alloy wereinvestigated as new temporary implants for urinary applications. The corrosion mechanism in artificialurine was proposed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarizationtests. The corrosion potential of pure magnesium and ZK60 alloy were -1820 and -1561 mV, respectively,and the corrosion current densities were 59.66 ± 6.41 and 41.94 ± 0.53 μA cm^-2, respectively. Thein vitro degradation rates for pure Mg and ZK60 alloy in artificial urine were 0.382 and 1.023 mm/y,respectively, determined from immersion tests. The ZK60 alloy degraded faster than the pure Mg in bothartificial urine and in rat bladders (the implants of both samples are ø 3 mm × 5 mm). Histocompatibilityevaluations showed good histocompatibility for the pure Mg and ZK60 alloy during the 3 weeks postimplantationin rat bladders, and no harm was observed in the bladder, liver and kidney tissues. Theresults provide key information on the degradation properties and corrosion mechanism of pure Mg andZK60 alloy in the urinary system.

In_(2)O_(3-)x(OH)y/Bi_(2)MoO_(6) S-scheme heterojunction for enhanced photocatalytic performance

Surface heterojunction engineering has been extensively studied to promote efficient charge separation in semiconductor materials.Designing an effective heterojunction system to optimize the separation and transport of photo-induced charges is an appealing strategy to enhance the photocatalytic efficiency.In this work,In_(2)O_(3)-x(OH)y in situ decorated Bi_(2)MoO_(6) two-dimensional step-scheme heterojunctions were synthesized through a controlled dehydroxylation process of indium-based precursors.The charge transfer mechanism of this step-scheme heterojunctions was confirmed by the characterization of electron structures,reactive species,photoelectric properties and DFT theoretical calculation.The band bending and the internal electric field caused by the charge transfer upon hybridization can effectively promote the separation of charges and present the optimal redox capacity.In addition,surface residual hydroxyl groups can regulate the surface energy state and optimize the interfacial charge transfer kinetics of the prepared step-scheme heterojunction.Eventually,the step-scheme heterojunction exhibits superior performance in photocatalytic reduction of hexavalent chromium and degradation of organic pollutants under visible light irradiation.This work provides an innovative perspective to construct photocatalyst with superior activity.

Efficient interfacial charge transfer of BiOCl-In_(2)O_(3) step-scheme heterojunction for boosted photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin

BiOCl as a representative layered bismuth-based photocatalyst with Sillén-structure has aroused wide public concern on photocatalytic degradation.However,the photocatalytic efficiency of pristine BiOCl is currently restricted by its low optical absorption and charge separation efficiency.Herein,step-scheme(S-scheme)heterojunctions of In_(2)O_(3) nanoparticle and BiOCl micron-sheet were constructed by a convenient molten salt method by using a LiNO_(3)-KNO_(3) system.The In_(2)O_(3)-BiOCl heterojunctions exhibit higher optical absorption performance from 380 nm to 700 nm than the pristine BiOCl and enhanced photocatalytic property toward ciprofloxacin(CIP)degradation under Xenon lamp illumination.The sample 20%In_(2)O_(3) -BiOCl showed the highest photodegradation efficiency,attaining 91%removal of CIP within 35 min,which was 39.6 times and 3.2 times higher than that of pristine In_(2)O_(3) and BiOCl,respectively.The improved photodegradation property mainly resulted from the novel S-scheme mechanism,which boosted highly efficient separation of the photo-induced carriers.The photoluminescence spectrometric test and transient photocurrent response results demonstrated that In_(2)O_(3)-BiOCl composite exhibited efficient separation of photo-generated charge carriers.This work would provide new insights into the design of novel S-scheme photocatalytic systems with applicability in photocatalytic water treatment.

铝离子电池中过渡金属硫族化合物正极材料

作为铝离子电池(AIBs)的正极材料,过渡金属硫族化合物(MX_(2)(X=S、Se、Te))具有理论比容量较高和电负性较低等优点,在铝离子电池应用领域极具发展前景。本文以提高过渡金属硫族化合物的储铝性能为目的,综述了过渡金属硫族化合物(MX_(2)(X=S、Se、Te))的储铝机理及其电化学性能的关系,并针对目前过渡金属硫族化合物存在的问题,总结研究者们提出的相应解决方案并归纳此类材料的主要改性技术手段。最后,对过渡金属硫族化合物正极材料的发展方向进行展望,并探讨改善其整体电化学性能的可行策略。

Recent progress on Ge oxide anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

1 Introduction As environmental pollution continues to worsen,governments are increasing their efforts to develop green transport vehicles,such as electric vehicles and hybrid cars.

One-pot synthesis of array-like sulfur-doped carbon nitride with covalently crosslinked ultrathin MoS cocatalyst for drastically enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Constructing noble-metal-free loaded catalyst with high-efficiency photocatalytic activity by a simple and scalable method is of profound significance for fundamental research and practical application.Herein,a simple one-pot method was used to synthesize novel samples of array-like sulfur-doped graphitic carbon nitride(SCN)nanosheets with ultrathin MoS2 loading(MS/SCN-x%).The ultrathin MoS2 cocatalyst was evenly distributed on the surface of SCN and was linked to the main catalyst by covalent chemical bonds.Benefited from the multiple advantages of the array-like porous nanosheets structure with rich exposed surface,covalent cross-linking structure,and enhanced visible light absorption,the MS/SCN-2.5%composites drastically improve hydrogen evolution performance,which is superior to original MoS2 nanosheet modified by two-step mixing method,and also rivals with Pt/SCN.The designing strategy of photocatalyst modified by noble-metal-free cocatalyst with covalent bond structure provides fascinating insights into enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

A CCAPM with Time-varying Betas and Its Applications in Chinese Stock Market

Investors usually require premiums to compensate those components of risk that cannot be diversified away. Investors＇ risk premiums is changing with the business cycles. In this paper we study the CCAPM allowing for the time-varying beta. The timevarying betas are estimated from GARCH model. From the estimation results, we can see that the systematic risk coefficient betas of certain industry change when the volatility changes.