Yield Characteristics of a New High-quality Disease-resistant Wheat Variety Chuanmai 618

[Objectives]The paper was to analyze the yield characteristics of a new high-quality disease-resistant wheat variety Chuanmai 618.[Methods]The yield characteristics of Chuanmai 618 were analyzed using the AMMI model and GGE biplot based on data from a 2-year regional test and a 1-year production test.[Results]The analysis of the AMMI model for the 2-year regional test indicated that Chuanmai 618 had a moderate yield and good stability.During the production test,Chuanmai 618 had an average yield of 450.52 kg/666.7 m^(2),an effective spike of 235700 spike/666.7 m^(2),a 1000-seed weight of 47.93 g,and a kernel number per spike of 47.28.The AMMI analysis sequencing graph showed that the varieties were ranked in the following order:Zhongkemai 1816>Chuanmai 618>Shumai 1958>Chuanyu 42>Mianmai 367>Xikemai 5518.According to the GE analysis,Chuanmai 618 had comparative advantages.[Conclusions]The new wheat variety Chuanmai 618 is a high-quality disease-resistant variety with good yield and stability.

Effect of in ovo folic acid injection on hepatic IGF2 expression and embryo growth of broilers

Background： Insulin-like factor 2（IGF2） plays an important role in embryonic growth process by modulating intermediary metabolism and cell proliferation. Folic acid is involved in one carbon metabolism and contributes to DNA methylation which is related to gene expression. The purpose of this study was to explore whether folic acid could regulate IGF2 expression via epigenetic mechanism and further promote embryonic growth of new-hatched broilers.Methods： In the present study, 360 fertile eggs were selected and randomly assigned to four treatments. On11 embryonic day of incubation（E11）, 0, 50, 100 and 150 μg folic acid were injected into eggs respectively.After hatched, growth performance of broilers were calculated. Hepatic IGF2 expression, methylation level and chromatin structure of promoter region were analyzed.Results： Results have showed that IGF2 expression was up-regulated in 150 μg folic acid group（P 〈 0.05） and other two dose of folic acid did not affect gene expression（P 〉 0.05）. Meanwhile, methylation level of IGF2 promoter were lower in 100 and 150 μg groups, which was consistent with lower expression of DNA methyltransferase1（DNMT1）（P 〈 0.05）. What＇s more, chromatin looseness of IGF2 promoter was higher in 150 μg group than control group（P 〈 0.05）. Further, birth weight（BW）, liver and bursa index of new-hatched chickens in 150 μg folic acid group were higher than the other groups（P 〈 0.05）. There were positive correlations between hepatic IGF2 expression and BW and organs index（P 〈 0.05）.Conclusion： In conclusion, our data have demonstrated that 150 μg folic acid injection on E11 could up-regulate IGF2 expression by modulating DNA hypomethylation and improving chromatin accessibility in the gene promoter region,and ulteriorly facilitate embryonic growth and organ development of broilers.

四川省小麦育成品种系谱分析及发展进程

品种系谱蕴含亲本来源、选育方式、亲缘关系等大量信息,对揭示农作物品种演变特点、规律并最终指导育种实践具有重要意义。本文汇总了四川省1936~2017年间326个小麦品种的系谱信息,对育种方式、亲本构成、高频亲本及骨干亲本的变化、遗传贡献、易位系及人工合成种质分布等情况进行了梳理与分析。从20世纪30年代至今,四川省育种家从大量材料中选用387个直接亲本,采用杂交育种等方式,配制数千个组合,从256个组合中选育出314个品种,对四川省小麦生产做出了重要贡献,同时也为小麦育种提供了更为优异的材料基础。四川省小麦育种经历了从无到有,从主要依靠引进材料、地方品种到自主创制材料的过程;高频亲本、骨干亲本随育种进程推进而逐渐变化。易位系和人工合成种质对四川省小麦育种贡献巨大。育种目标的一致性必然导致遗传多样性散失和遗传基础脆弱,今后重点应加强资源的创制、保护和利用。本文通过育成品种的系谱梳理,对四川省小麦的育种发展进程进行了分析,以期为未来种质资源的收集创制和育种研究提供重要参考信息。