Cyclin gene SlCycB1 alters plant architecture in association with histone H3.2 in tomato

Cell cycle regulation plays a critical role in plant growth and development.In this study,the role of a tomato cell cycle gene SlCycB1 has been characterized.Expression analysis revealed that SlCycB1 was mostly expressed in stem,root,and leaves,with relative lower expression in flower and fruit.Tomato plants overexpressing SlCycB1 exhibited a reduction in cell number and increased cell size leading to the growth retardation.Furthermore,yeast two-hybrid analysis and bimolecular fluorescence complementation revealed that SlCycB1 interacted with histone H3.2,an essential component of the nucleosome.Histone H3.2 was transcriptionally up-regulated in the SlCycB1 overexpressing tomato lines.Furthermore,the overexpression of histone H3.2 in transgenic plants showed similar phenotypes to SlCycB1 overexpressing lines.Based on these findings,we concluded that SlCycB1 overexpression altered tomato architecture in association with histone H3.2.

Regulation of invertase and sucrose for improving tomato fruit flavor:A review

Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.)is a commercially farmed vegetable belonging to the Solanaceae family,the third most important vegetable after potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)and onion(Allium cepa L.).It is cultivated for its fresh fruits and processed paste,with over 153 million metric tons of global production.However,modern tomato cultivars have limited sugars,acids,and volatiles allelic diversity as flavor has generally been less prioritized in breeding programs.Invertase is an essential regulator of flavor and sugar metabolism in tomato.Genetic control of tomato flavor is still incomplete without a clear understanding of the roles of invertase and sucrose metabolism.This review provides an overview of our current understanding of the invertase mode of action in sucrose metabolism,their evolutionary and functional divergence in the tomato genome,role in stress response,genetic and hormonal control of fruit flavor and quality.We summarized the primary roles of invertase in sugar metabolism and fruit flavor.

FUNCTIONAL GAIN OF FRUIT NETTED-CRACKING IN AN INTROGRESSION LINE OF TOMATO WITH HIGHER EXPRESSION OF THE FNC GENE

Fruit cracking is a major disorder that affects the integrity of fruit and reduces the commercial value of tomato and other fleshy fruit.Here,we have found a novel fruit'netted-cracking'(FNC)phenotype in tomato introgression line IL4-4 which is present in neither the donor parent(LA0716)nor the receptor parent(M82).An F2 population was generated by crossing IL4-4 with M82 to genetically characterize the FNC gene and this showed that a single dominant gene determined fruit netted-cracking.Further map-based cloning narrowed down the FNC locus to a 230 kb region on chromosome 4.Sequencing and annotation analysis show that FNC(Solyc04 g082540)was the most likely candidate gene.Functional characterization of FNC by overexpressing FNC^c and FNC1^resulted in the fruit netted-cracking phenotype,suggesting that the FNC transcript level results in the functional gain of fruit netted-cracking.These findings were further confirmed by FNC ortholog in netted-cracking pepper and melon,indicating a common regulatory mechanism in different plant species.Furthermore,cytoplasm and nucleus-localized FNC indicates increased expression of genes involved in suberin,lignin,lipid transport and cell wall metabolism.These findings provide novel genetic insights into fruit netted-cracking and offer a way to promote molecular improvement toward cracking resistant cultivars.