Metal-halide perovskite solar cells have garnered significant research attention in the last decade due to their exceptional photovoltaic performance and potential for commercialization.Despite achieving remarkable po...Metal-halide perovskite solar cells have garnered significant research attention in the last decade due to their exceptional photovoltaic performance and potential for commercialization.Despite achieving remarkable power conversion efficiency of up to 26.1%,a substantial discrepancy persists when compared to the theoretical Shockley-Queisser(SQ)limit.One of the most serious challenges facing perovskite solar cells is the energy loss incurred during photovoltaic conversion,which affects the SQ limits and stability of the device.More significant than the energy loss occurring in the bulk phase of the perovskite is the energy loss occurring at the surface-interface.Here,we provide a systematic overview of the physical and chemical properties of the surface-interface.Firstly,we delve into the underlying mechanism causing the energy deficit and structural degradation at the surface-interface,aiming to enhance the understanding of carrier transport processes and structural chemical reactivity.Furthermore,we systematically summarized the primary modulating pathways,including surface reconstruction,dimensional construction,and electric-field regulation.Finally,we propose directions for future research to advance the efficiency of perovskite solar cells towards the radiative limit and their widespread commercial application.展开更多
The Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan on March 11,2011,produced large amounts of Cs-polluted soil which must be controlled to prevent the spread of hazardous Cs into the environment.In this paper,the effects of heat...The Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan on March 11,2011,produced large amounts of Cs-polluted soil which must be controlled to prevent the spread of hazardous Cs into the environment.In this paper,the effects of heat treatment on the structure and properties of Cs-containing glass-ceramics,as a simulated nuclear waste form,were systematically investigated.Cesium atoms are chemically bonded in the pollucite structure,and the amorphous phase further encapsulates the pollucite crystals in the glassceramics,thus providing an extra protective layer for the immobilized Cs.XRD analysis,Raman and FT-IR studies on the glass-ceramics synergistically indicated that the optimum crystallization temperature for pollucite is around 1000℃.The pollucite is predominantly the main crystalline phase with a narrow crystal size distribution between 0.5 and 2 mm.Standard leaching test results show that the leaching rate of Cs was very low(3.0×10^(-3) g/(m^(2)·d)).The study offers a practical method for immobilizing Cs in pollucite-base glass-ceramics.Moreover,the experimentally obtained data may provide some important references for converting Cs-polluted soil into pollucite-base glass-ceramics waste form.展开更多
基金support from the National Key Research and Development(R&D)Program of China(No.2018YFA0208501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62104216,52321006)+4 种基金the Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(No.BNLMS-CXXM-202005)the China Postdoctoral Innovative Talent Support Program(No.BX2021271)the Key R&D and Promotion Project of Henan Province(No.192102210032)the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Float Glass(No.2022KF04)the Joint Research Project of Puyang Shengtong Juyuan New Materials Co.,Ltd.,and the Outstanding Young Talent Research Fund of Zhengzhou University.
文摘Metal-halide perovskite solar cells have garnered significant research attention in the last decade due to their exceptional photovoltaic performance and potential for commercialization.Despite achieving remarkable power conversion efficiency of up to 26.1%,a substantial discrepancy persists when compared to the theoretical Shockley-Queisser(SQ)limit.One of the most serious challenges facing perovskite solar cells is the energy loss incurred during photovoltaic conversion,which affects the SQ limits and stability of the device.More significant than the energy loss occurring in the bulk phase of the perovskite is the energy loss occurring at the surface-interface.Here,we provide a systematic overview of the physical and chemical properties of the surface-interface.Firstly,we delve into the underlying mechanism causing the energy deficit and structural degradation at the surface-interface,aiming to enhance the understanding of carrier transport processes and structural chemical reactivity.Furthermore,we systematically summarized the primary modulating pathways,including surface reconstruction,dimensional construction,and electric-field regulation.Finally,we propose directions for future research to advance the efficiency of perovskite solar cells towards the radiative limit and their widespread commercial application.
基金The work was supported by the Anhui emphatic research and developmental projects(201904a05020079).
文摘The Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan on March 11,2011,produced large amounts of Cs-polluted soil which must be controlled to prevent the spread of hazardous Cs into the environment.In this paper,the effects of heat treatment on the structure and properties of Cs-containing glass-ceramics,as a simulated nuclear waste form,were systematically investigated.Cesium atoms are chemically bonded in the pollucite structure,and the amorphous phase further encapsulates the pollucite crystals in the glassceramics,thus providing an extra protective layer for the immobilized Cs.XRD analysis,Raman and FT-IR studies on the glass-ceramics synergistically indicated that the optimum crystallization temperature for pollucite is around 1000℃.The pollucite is predominantly the main crystalline phase with a narrow crystal size distribution between 0.5 and 2 mm.Standard leaching test results show that the leaching rate of Cs was very low(3.0×10^(-3) g/(m^(2)·d)).The study offers a practical method for immobilizing Cs in pollucite-base glass-ceramics.Moreover,the experimentally obtained data may provide some important references for converting Cs-polluted soil into pollucite-base glass-ceramics waste form.
