To the Editor:Otitis media with effusion(OME),also known as secretory otitis,is a disease in which secreted fluid accumulates in the middle ear cavity and is a major cause of hearing loss,both in children and adults.[...To the Editor:Otitis media with effusion(OME),also known as secretory otitis,is a disease in which secreted fluid accumulates in the middle ear cavity and is a major cause of hearing loss,both in children and adults.[1]Causes of OME include recurrent infections,inflammatory conditions,malformations,and eustachian tube dysfunctions.[2]Although most patients could recover spontaneously,by medication,or by surgery,some patients show frequent recurrence of otitis media for more than 3 months,called chronic otitis media with effusion(COME).[1]The pathogenesis of COME is not completely understood.Increasing evidence suggests a central role of immunologic cells and th&r associated cytokines in the chronic inflammation that characterizes COME.展开更多
Air-ground radiotelephony communication provides the only way for a civilian pilot and air traffic controller to communicate during all phases of a fligh匚The quality of communication during the flight is crucial for ...Air-ground radiotelephony communication provides the only way for a civilian pilot and air traffic controller to communicate during all phases of a fligh匚The quality of communication during the flight is crucial for aircraft safety.For this reason,it is critical that pilots have good auditory function because of the lack of visual cues during flight.Hearing loss can be endangered among civilian pilots who are routinely exposed to loud occupational noise environments such as the cockpit,and can place the aircrew and passengers at risk.Radiotelephony is a type of semi-artificial language,based on imperative sentences that are standardized,procedural,articulate,and precise clear brachylogy.Mandarin radiotelephony terminology,which is widely used in Chinese domestic air routes,has its own characteristics and comprises three parts:Mandarin Chinese terminology,English capital letters,and English abbreviations of terminology.展开更多
基金a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81770989).
文摘To the Editor:Otitis media with effusion(OME),also known as secretory otitis,is a disease in which secreted fluid accumulates in the middle ear cavity and is a major cause of hearing loss,both in children and adults.[1]Causes of OME include recurrent infections,inflammatory conditions,malformations,and eustachian tube dysfunctions.[2]Although most patients could recover spontaneously,by medication,or by surgery,some patients show frequent recurrence of otitis media for more than 3 months,called chronic otitis media with effusion(COME).[1]The pathogenesis of COME is not completely understood.Increasing evidence suggests a central role of immunologic cells and th&r associated cytokines in the chronic inflammation that characterizes COME.
文摘Air-ground radiotelephony communication provides the only way for a civilian pilot and air traffic controller to communicate during all phases of a fligh匚The quality of communication during the flight is crucial for aircraft safety.For this reason,it is critical that pilots have good auditory function because of the lack of visual cues during flight.Hearing loss can be endangered among civilian pilots who are routinely exposed to loud occupational noise environments such as the cockpit,and can place the aircrew and passengers at risk.Radiotelephony is a type of semi-artificial language,based on imperative sentences that are standardized,procedural,articulate,and precise clear brachylogy.Mandarin radiotelephony terminology,which is widely used in Chinese domestic air routes,has its own characteristics and comprises three parts:Mandarin Chinese terminology,English capital letters,and English abbreviations of terminology.
