A high Li-ion diffusion kinetics in multidimensional and compact-structured electrodes via vacuum filtration casting

Manufacturing process,diffusion co-efficient and areal capacity are the three main criteria for regulating thick electrodes for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,simultaneously regulating these criteria for LIBs is desirable but remains a significant challenge.In this work,niobium pentoxide(Nb_(2)O_(5))anode and lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO_(4))cathode materials were chosen as the model materials and demonstrate that these three parameters can be simultaneously modulated by incorporation of micro-carbon fibers(MCF)and carbon nanotubes(CNT)with both Nb_(2)O_(5) and LFP via vacuum filtration approach.Both as-prepared MNC-20 anode and MLC-20 cathode achieves high reversible areal capacity of≈5.4 m A h cm^(-2)@0.1 C and outstanding Li-ion diffusion coefficients of≈10~(-8)cm~2 s~(-1)in the half-cell configuration.The assembled MNC-20‖MLC-20 full cell LIB delivers maximum energy and power densities of244.04 W h kg^(-1)and 108.86 W kg^(-1),respectively.The excellent electrochemical properties of the asprepared thick electrodes can be attributed to the highly conductive,mechanical compactness and multidimensional mutual effects of the MCF,CNT and active materials that facilitates rapid Li-ion diffusion kinetics.Furthermore,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),symmetric cells analysis,and insitu Raman techniques clearly validates the enhanced Li-ion diffusion kinetics in the present architecture.

A novel transcription factor FnMYB4 regulates pigments metabolism of yellow leaf mutants in Fragaria nilgerrensis

The strawberry species Fragaria nilgerrensis Schlechtendal ex J.Gay,renowned for its distinctive white,fragrant peach-like fruits and strong disease resistance,is an exceptional research material.In a previous study,an ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS)mutant library was established for this species,resulting in various yellow leaf mutants.Leaf yellowing materials are not only the ideal materials for basic studies on photosynthesis mechanism,chloroplast development,and molecular regulation of various pigments,but also have important utilization value in ornamental plants breeding.The present study focused on four distinct yellow leaf mutants:mottled yellow leaf(MO),yellow green leaf(YG),light green leaf(LG),and buddha light leaf(BU).The results revealed that the flavonoid content and carotenoid-to-chlorophyll ratio exhibited a significant increase among these mutants,while experiencing a significant decrease in chlorophyll and carotenoid contents compared to the wild type(WT).To clarify the regulatory mechanisms and network relationships underlying these mutants,the RNA-seq and weighted gene coexpression network(WGCNA)analyses were employed.The results showed flavonoid metabolism pathway was enriched both in MO and YG mutants,while the chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway and carotenoid degradation pathway were only enriched in MO and YG mutants,respectively.Subsequently,key structural genes and transcription factors were identified on metabolic pathways of three pigments through correlation analyses and quantitative experiments.Furthermore,a R2R3-MYB transcription factor,FnMYB4,was confirmed to be positively correlated with flavonoid synthesis through transient overexpression,virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS),and RNA interference(RNAi),accompanying by reoccurrence and attenuation of mutant phenotype.Finally,dual-luciferase(LUC)and yeast one-hybrid assays confirmed the binding of FnMYB4 to the FnFLS and FnF3H promoters,indicating that FnMYB4 positively regulates flavonoid synthesis.In addition,correlation analyses suggested that FnMYB4 also might be involved in chlorophyll and carotenoid metabolisms.These findings demonstrated the pivotal regulatory role of FnMYB4 in strawberry leaf coloration.

基于线性回归的控制执行机构建模及诊断研究

烟厂制丝生产过程中,通过测试采集设备执行机构数据与对应的控制量数据进行数据线性回归分析,可以得到执行机构数据与控制量数据之间的线性关系方程式。数采实际值Y0与回归方程计算值Y进行绝对值求差值,差值Δt除以回归方程计算值Y乘以100%得到δ,根据δ值是否超出误差范围,从而对设备运行状态进行评判。本方法用于实时监测加料机、回潮机、烘丝机设备运行状态,通过多维度线性回归方程式判断设备状态是否正常,当出现异常时提前预警并提示维修人员对设备进行维护保养。

Lessons learned from hydrothermal to hot dry rock exploration and production

In this paper,we investigate geothermal exploration and production in 189 hydrothermal projects and 42 hot dry rock projects around the world.The hydrothermal fields for a working hydrothermal system to generate electricity should have the elements of heat source,water-saturated porous or fractured reservoir,caprock,heat transfer pathway,and good heat preservation condition and geothermal power energy intensity of 10-20 MW per km^(2)within at least 5 km^(2)area in tectonically active region.The hot water or steam flow rate in this hydrothermal system is normally larger than 40 L/s with temperature of 150℃or above.The power generated from enhanced geothermal system(EGS)in hot dry rock projects are generally less than 2 MW because the flow rate in most cases is much less than 40 L/s even with the hydraulic fractures using the modern stimulation technology learned from the oil and gas industry.The natural fracture in the subsurface is generally beneficial to the hydraulic fracturing and heat recovery in the hot dry rock.Moreover,the hydraulic fracture parameters,injection rate and well spacing,drilling strategy should be properly designed to avoid the short-circuit between injector and producer and low heat productivity.In the future,CO^(2)enhanced geothermal recovery associated with CO^(2)sequestration in the high temperature oil,gas,and geothermal fields maybe a good choice.On the other hand,both nearreal-time seismic monitoring to limit the pumping rate and the closed-loop of the Eavor-Loop style system without hydraulic fracture can contribute greatly to heat recovery of hot dry rocks and mitigate the risks of the hydraulic fracturing induced earthquake.Furthermore,the hybrid solar and geothermal system performs better than the stand-alone geothermal system.

福州马尾大桥主桥设计关键技术

福州马尾大桥主桥为跨径布置(71+83+123.5+240+123.5+83+71)m的连续箱梁桥,结合该桥长联、大跨、多跨等特点,对其设计关键技术进行研究。为降低梁体自重,该桥主梁采用钢—混混合梁(跨中设置96m长的钢箱梁),同时主梁根部采用空腹式箱梁结构。为降低桥梁的地震响应,14号、15号主墩布置摩擦摆球型支座,其他桥墩均布置摩擦摆柱面支座。为使主梁V撑上、下弦与整体主梁间的传力平顺自然,采用"V叉挑板式"角隅节点。为适应梁式桥的综合传力要求,钢-混结合段采用填充混凝土后承压板式构造。通过配置体外预应力实现对主跨跨中下挠的主动控制。

基于STM32的变电站巡检机器人系统设计

针对变电站传统人工巡检方式存在工作量大、缺乏系统分析和实时故障分析等缺点,设计了基于STM32芯片的变电站智能巡检机器人,具有自主循迹、智能诊断分析、太阳能充电、机械手臂及时切除故障等功能。详细阐述了硬件结构和软件算法设计方案,研制出巡检机器人样机,并对样机通信系统、控制系统、智能识别诊断系统进行了测试分析。测试结果表明,该巡检机器人系统能够对电力设备进行有效巡检与故障诊断,巡检效率高、安全性可靠,因此具有较高的经济效益和较强的现实意义。

白洋长江公路大桥主桥设计

白洋长江公路大桥主桥为主跨1 000m的双塔单跨钢桁梁悬索桥,北岸边缆跨度276m,南岸边缆跨度269m。该桥采用塔连杆+柔性中央扣支承体系,通过塔连杆的转动满足加劲梁纵向位移与转动要求。桥塔采用混凝土门形结构,北塔高142.5m,南塔高151m,基础为分离式承台+群桩基础。钢桁梁全宽36.7m,高7.5m,采用2片主桁,华伦式桁架,主桁与桥面系分离,桥面系采用钢-混组合桥面系。充分利用长江优质航道资源及桥下水深条件好的优势,钢桁梁采用30m大节段吊装。主缆采用1 860MPa锌铝合金镀层高强钢丝,吊索采用1 960MPa镀锌钢丝绳。主索鞍、散索鞍鞍体采用铸焊结合结构。主缆采用型钢锚固系统,白洋侧锚碇采用重力式嵌岩锚,宜都侧锚碇位于富水巨厚卵石层中,国内首次采用浅埋扩大基础。

Advances in geothermal exploration and production:Introduction

Geothermal resources are a renewable and clean energy source that is not affected by weather,day and night,or seasonal changes.If large-scale development and utilization can be achieved(Gerald,2021),it will have important strategic and practical significance for ensuring energy supply in human society and achieving the“dual carbon goals”(Ma,2023).

独斜塔斜拉桥索塔交叉锚固区模型试验研究

芙蓉江大桥为主跨170m的地锚式独斜塔斜拉桥,斜拉索交叉锚固于桥塔上塔柱“工”字形截面两侧的锚块上。为了解该桥索塔锚固区的应力分布,选取塔顶5对斜拉索的锚固区段为对象,设计制作1∶4的缩尺模型进行静载试验,并采用MIDAS FEA软件建立索塔锚固区有限元模型,分析锚固区塔壁和锚块的应力分布。结果表明:在斜拉索索力及恒载作用下,桥塔地锚箱侧塔壁处于受压状态,主跨侧塔壁处于受拉状态,塔壁最大压应力为4.2 MPa,最大拉应力为1.68MPa,均出现在工字形翼缘;斜拉索索力使锚块处于竖向受压、横向受拉的复杂应力状态;实桥桥塔应力的实测值与试验模型实测值和理论值均吻合较好。

Key factors controlling shale oil enrichment in saline lacustrine rift basin:implications from two shale oil wells in Dongpu Depression,Bohai Bay Basin

Comparative analyses of petroleum generation potential,reservoir volume,frackability,and oil mobility were conducted on 102 shale cores from the Dongpu Depression.Results show the shale has high organic matter contents composed of oil-prone type I and type II kerogens within the oil window.Various types of pores and fractures exist in the shale,with a porosity of up to 14.9%.The shale has high brittle mineral contents,extensive fractures,and high potential for oil mobility due to high seepage capacity and overpressure.Although the petroleum generation potential of the shale at Well PS18-8 is relatively greater than that at Well PS18-1,oil content of the latter is greater due to the greater TOC.The porosity and fracture density observed in Well PS18-1 are greater and more conducive to shale oil enrichment.Although the shales in Wells PS18-1 and PS18-8 have similar brittle mineral contents,the former is more favorable for anthropogenic fracturing due to a higher preexisting fracture density.Besides,the shale at Well PS18-1 has a higher seepage capacity and overpressure and therefore a higher oil mobility.The fracture density and overpressure play key roles in shale oil enrichment.

不对称样本下基于支持向量机的变压器故障诊断

为解决基于支持向量机(SVM)的变压器故障诊断中因样本不对称导致诊断准确率降低的问题,提出了一种改进的向上采样策略和SVM结合的方法。首先通过K-近邻算法提取少数类样本数据中的边界数据集并生成新的少数类随机样本,在此基础上向少数类样本中添加人工生成的随机新样本使得两类样本数量达到基本均衡。对比均衡样本和不对称样本下的SVM分类模型的性能,结果表明:该方法能够有效降低SVM分类平面的偏移程度,进一步提高了SVM变压器故障诊断的准确率。

Impact of rock type on the pore structures and physical properties within a tight sandstone reservoir in the Ordos Basin, NW China

The pore-throat systems and physical properties of tight sandstone reservoirs are complex,and deposition is thought to be a fundamental control for them.In this study,the impacts of the full ranges of rock types(from pebbly coarse sandstone to fine sandstone) on the pore structures and physical properties of the Permian tight sandstone reservoir in the eastern Ordos Basin were investigated comprehensively through a series of experiments including conventional physical testing,thin-section analysis,scanning electron microscopy,nuclear magnetic resonance analysis and high-pressure mercury injection tests.The results showed that the coarser-grained sandstones tend to have higher feldspar content and lower percentage of cements,leading to strong dissolution,weak cementation and improved porosity and permeability.The medium sandstone has the highest level of quartz and the lowest average content of feldspar,resulting in strong heterogeneity of physical properties.Only those medium sandstone reservoirs with relatively high content of feldspars have better physical properties.Additionally,the coarser-grained sandstones contain relatively large dissolution pores(nearly 200 μm),whereas the finer-grained sandstones have more intercrystalline pores with a relatively more homogeneous pore structure.The pebbly coarse sandstone and coarse sandstone reservoirs are favorable targets with best physical properties.

Controls on the organic carbon content of the lower Cambrian black shale in the southeastern margin of Upper Yangtze

Control of various factors, including mineral components, primary productivity and redox level, on the total organic carbon(TOC) in the lower Cambrian black shale from southeastern margin of Upper Yangtze(Taozichong, Longbizui and Yanbei areas) is discussed in detail in this article. Mineral components in the study strata are dominated by quartz and clay minerals. Quartz in the Niutitang Formation is mainly of biogenic origin, and the content is in positive correlation with TOC, while the content of clay minerals is negatively correlated with TOC. Primary productivity, represented by the content of Mobio(biogenic molybdenum), Babio(biogenic barium) and phosphorus, is positively correlated with TOC. The main alkanes in studied samples are nCC, and odd–even priority values are closed to 1(0.73–1.13), which suggest the organic matter source was marine plankton. Element content ratios of U/Th and Ni/Co and compound ratio Pr/Ph indicate dysoxic–anoxic bottom water, with weak positive relative with TOC. In total, three main points can be drawn to explain the relationship between data and the factors affecting organic accumulation:(1) quartz-rich and clay-mineral-poor deep shelf–slope–basin environment was favorable for living organisms;(2) high productivity provided the material foundation for organic generation;(3) the redox conditions impact slightly on the content of organic matter under high productivity and dysoxic–anoxic condition.

Distribution and controls of petroliferous plays in subtle traps within a Paleogene lacustrine sequence stratigraphic framework, Dongying Depression, Bohai Bay Basin, Eastern China

The characteristics of petroliferous plays in subtle traps within a sequence stratigraphic framework in the Dongying Depression are investigated in this study.Sand bodies within lowstand systems tracts(LSTs)of sequences,comprising incisedchannel fills,sublacustrine fans,deltas in LSTs,controlled by syndepositional normal faults,and sand bodies within transgressive systems tracts(TSTs)to early highstand systems tracts(HSTs),consisting of beach bars,and turbidites,controlled by the prodelta slope,paleorelief,and syndepositional normal faults,are good subtle reservoirs.Mudstones and shale of deep lake subfacies in TSTs to early HSTs of sequences are source and cap rocks.Abnormal overpressure is the dominant dynamic factor for hydrocarbon migration from source rock to the subtle traps.Normal faults,sand bodies,and unconformities function as conduit systems.Sand bodies distributed in the abnormal overpressure source rocks within LSTs to early HSTs are petroliferous plays in lithologic traps.The petroliferous plays in stratigraphic traps are controlled by unconformities at margins of the Depression.

Pore-scale mechanisms and characterization of light oil storage in shale nanopores:New method and insights

A new method is proposed to analyze the pore-scale mechanisms and characterization of light oil storage in shale nanopores,which is based on the Hydrocarbon Vapor Adsorption(HVA)and Pore Calculation Model(PCM).First,the basic principle of the HVA-PCM method is introduced,and the experimental/mathematical analysis processes are given.Then,the HVA-PCM method is applied to shale samples to analyze the mechanisms and characterization of light oil storage in shale nanopores.The results provide insights into the pore-scale oil storage mechanisms,oil storage structure,oil film thickness,oil distribution within different sized pores,and the oil storage state.Finally,the advantages and limitations of the HVA-PCM method are discussed,and suggestions for further improvement are proposed.Overall,the HVA-PCM method is a powerful tool for extracting quantitative information on the light oil storage in shale nanopores.

Multiple-stacked Hybrid Plays of lacustrine source rock intervals：Case studies from lacustrine basins in China

Hydrocarbon-producing lacustrine basins are widely developed in the world, and China has a large number of lacustrine basins that have developed since the early Permian. The organic-rich shale-dominated heterogeneous source rock intervals in Chinese lacustrine basins generally contain frequent thin interbeds of stratigraphically associated sandstone, siltstone, marl, dolomite, and limestone. The concept of ‘‘Hybrid Plays＇ ＇ as put forth in this article recognizes this pattern of alternating organicrich shale and organic-lean interbeds and existence of mixed unconventional and conventional plays. Hybrid Plays in lacustrine source rock intervals present a unique closed petroleum system hosting continuous hydrocarbons.The interbedded organic-lean siliciclastic and/or carbonateplays are efficiently charged with hydrocarbons via short migration pathways from the adjacent organic-rich shale that is often also a self-sourced play. We assert ‘‘Hybrid Plays＇ ＇ provide the most realistic exploration model for targeting multiple-stacked and genetically related very tight shale, tight and conventional plays together in the entire source rock interval rather than individual plays only. The Hybrid Play model has been proven and works for a wide variety of lacustrine rift, sag and foreland basins in China.

Impact of residual zircon on Nd-Hf isotope decoupling during sediment recycling in subduction zone

The subduction factories in convergent plate margins exert crucial control on recycling terrestrial components and returning to the overlying crust. The Nd and Hf isotopic systems provide potential tracers to evaluate these processes. Here we present a case where these isotopic systems are decoupled in a suite of granites from the Chinese Altai, showing a wide range of εHf(t) values(from -4.7 to +10.8) in contrast to a limited range of εNd(t) values(from -5.8 to -1.9). The zircon xenocrysts occurring frequently in these rocks show markedly negative εHf(t) values(from -34.3 to -6.5) and positive d7 Li values(from +12.5 to +18.2). We propose a model to explain the observed relationship between residual zircon and Nde Hf isotope decoupling. We suggest that the Altai granites originated from partial melting of subducted slab components under relatively low temperature conditions which aided the residual zircon from oceanic sediments to inherit and retain a significant amount of177 Hf in the source, thereby elevating the^(176) Hf/^(177) Hf ratio of the melt, and decoupling from the^(143) Nd/^(144) Nd ratio during the subsequent magmatic processes. Our study illustrates a case where sediment recycling in subduction zone contributes to decoupling of Nd and Hf isotopic systems, with former providing a more reliable estimate of the source characteristics of granitic magmas.

PpINH1,an invertase inhibitor,interacts with vacuolar invertase PpVIN2 in regulating the chilling tolerance of peach fruit

Sucrose metabolism,particularly the decomposition of sucrose by invertase,plays a central role in plant responses to cold stress.Invertase inhibitors(INHs)evolved in higher plants as essential regulators of sucrose metabolism.By limiting invertase activity,INHs keep cellular sugar levels elevated,which provides enhanced protection to plants under stress.Our results showed that the expression of PpVIN2,the only vacuolar invertase(VIN)gene in peach fruit sensitive to chilling temperatures,increases significantly during cold storage,while VIN enzyme activity increases more modestly.We also found that peach fruit transiently overexpressing PpINH1 had decreased VIN activity.Interactions of PpINH1 and PpVIN2 with recombinant proteins were shown by yeast two-hybrid assays and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays,as well as in vitro.During cold storage,trehalose-treated peach fruit had significantly increased PpINH1 expression,decreased VIN enzyme activity,and significantly higher sucrose content than did untreated fruit.As a result,the treated fruit had enhanced resistance to chilling injury.Collectively,our data show that the post-translational repression of VIN enzyme activity by PpINH1 helps maintain sucrose levels in peach fruit during cold storage,thereby improving resistance to chilling injury.

Clivus-involved immunoglobulin G4 related hypertrophic pachymeningitis mimicking meningioma:A case report

BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin G4 related disease(Ig G4-RD)is a fibroinflammatory disease with markedly elevated serum Ig G4 levels and fibrous tissue proliferation,accompanied by numerous plasma cells.Ig G4 related hypertrophic pachymeningitis(Ig G4-RHP)is relatively rare and indistinguishable from other phymatoid diseases before the operation.The risk of long-term immunosuppression needs to be balanced with disease activity.CASE SUMMARY A 40-year-old man presented with headache and bilateral abducent paralysis.He was also diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis 10 years ago and was on regular treatment for the same.Before the operation and steroid therapy,the patient was suspected of having tubercular meningitis at a local hospital.A clivus lesion was found via brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)at this presentation.He was preliminarily diagnosed with meningioma and underwent Gamma Knife Surgery.Transnasal endoscopic resection was performed to treat deterioration of nerve function.Postoperative pathologic examination suggested Ig G4-RD.Moreover,the serum Ig G4 was elevated at 1.90 g/L(reference range:0.035-1.500 g/L).After steroid therapy for 2 mo,the lesion size diminished on MRI,and the function of bilateral abducent nerves recovered.CONCLUSION Ig G4-RHP is relatively rare and indistinguishable before the operation.Elevated serum Ig G4 levels and imaging examination help in the diagnosis of Ig G4-RHP.Surgery is necessary when lesions progress and patients start to develop cranial nerve function deficit.

The Extension of Hypergame Analysis and Its Application

The hypergame analysis mainly processes the conflict in which one or more of the players are notfully aware of the nature of the conflict situation. it is a kind of qualitative technology which describes thedecieve and anti-decieve strategies.The defect of hypergame analysis appears in that the decision goalcombines with the course of the decision analysis. This paper puts forward the concept 'sanctioned rampart', which reflects the dynamics course of players' decision analysis based on decision goal. At the end.the extended hypergame is used to analyse the whole course of 'Gulf Crisis'.