单孔胸腔镜亚肺叶切除切口原位留置粗管与细管引流的对比研究

目的单孔胸腔镜手术一般将引流管置于切口的中央或一侧,对切口的愈合有一定的影响。在创伤较小的单孔胸腔镜亚肺叶切除手术中,笔者试着采用更细的中心静脉管来代替常规胸腔引流管,并评价这种引流方式是否能够达到传统引流的效果,同时观察是否能够减少创伤加快患者的康复。方法选取该院2016年9月-2017年3月60例单孔胸腔镜亚肺叶切除并切口原位留置引流管的患者,采用粗管和细管引流对比,对患者术后引流、拔管时间、切口愈合情况、疼痛评分和舒适评分进行比较。结果患者无论采用粗管引流还是细管引流,术后引流量和拔管时间无差异。采用细管引流患者切口愈合优于粗管患者,并且减轻疼痛,舒适度增加。结论对于单孔胸腔镜亚肺叶切除患者,采用原位细管引流安全有效,综合评价优于粗管引流。

靶向CD73在肿瘤联合治疗中的研究进展

肿瘤微环境中一个重要的改变就是嘌呤代谢的改变,缺氧限制了能量转化,导致细胞外三磷酸腺苷及后续腺苷的聚集,腺苷与腺苷受体结合后,抑制了免疫细胞浸润和激活。腺苷产生径路的各个分子高表达与多种肿瘤的不良预后密切相关。在腺苷产生径路中,最关键的就是CD73,其是肿瘤治疗的潜在靶点,靶向CD73的单克隆抗体和小分子抑制剂能够阻断肿瘤的发生、发展和转移。但是单纯阻断CD73的作用有限,靶向CD73小分子抑制剂或单克隆抗体联合放化疗、免疫治疗及靶向治疗的协同作用抗肿瘤效果更明显。

c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 expression in the retina of ocular hypertension mice:a possible target to reduce ganglion cell apoptosis

Glaucoma, a type of optic neuropathy, is characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells. It remains controversial whether c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK） participates in the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in glaucoma. This study sought to explore a possible mechanism of action of JNK signaling pathway in glaucoma-induced retinal optic nerve damage. We established a mouse model of chronic ocular hypertension by reducing the aqueous humor followed by pho- tocoagulation using the laser ignition method. Results showed significant pathological changes in the ocular tissues after the injury. Apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells increased with increased intraocular pressure, as did JNK3 mRNA expression in the retina. These data indicated that the increased expression of JNK3 mRNA was strongly associated with the increase in intraocular pressure in the retina, and correlated positively with the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells.

Numerical analysis on transitions and symmetry-breaking in the wake of a flapping foil

Flying and marine animals often use flapping wings or tails to generate thrust. In this paper, we will use the simplest flapping model with a sinusoidal pitching mo- tion over a range of frequency and amplitude to investigate the mechanism of thrust generation. Previous work focuses on the Karman vortex street and the reversed Karman vor- tex street but the transition between two states remains un- known. The present numerical simulation provides a com- plete scenario of flow patterns from the Karman vortex street to reversed Karman vortex street via aligned vortices and the ultimate state is the deflected Karman vortex street, as the parameters of flapping motions change. The results are in agreement with the previous experiment. We make further discussion on the relationship of the observed states with drag and thrust coefficients and explore the mechanism of enhanced thrust generation using flapping motions.

Hydrophobicity and tribological properties of Al_(2)O_(3)/PTFE composite coating

Al_(2)O_(3)/polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)composite coating was prepared on titanium alloy by cathode plasma electrolytic deposition(CPED)and impregnation method,to improve the hydrophobicity and tribological properties.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)analysis of the coating indicate that PTFE penetrates into the interior of the coating and is well bonded to titanium alloy substrate by cross-linking with Al_(2)O_(3) ceramic coating.The contact angles were measured by contact angle measurement,and the tribological properties of the composite coating were evaluated by sliding wear test.The surface of the composite coating is found to possess good hydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 140°.The results also indicate an improved tribological properties of Al_(2)O_(3)/PTFE composite coating at room temperature with a steady friction coefficient as low as 0.05.The self-lubricating anti-wear composite coating is expected to solve fouling problems and poor wear resistance of titanium alloys.

Solutions to BSDEs Driven by Both Standard and Fractional Brownian Motions

The backward stochastic differential equations driven by both standard and fractional Brownian motions （or, in short, SFBSDE） axe studied. A Wick-It6 stochastic integral for a fractional Brownian motion is adopted. The fractional It6 formula for the standard and fractional Brownian motions is provided. Introducing the concept of the quasi-conditional expectation, we study some its properties. Using the quasi-conditional expectation, we also discuss the existence and uniqueness of solutions to general SFBSDEs, where a fixed point principle is employed. Moreover, solutions to linear SFBSDEs are investigated. Finally, an explicit solution to a class of linear SFBSDEs is found.

Observation of Bi Coarsening and Dissolution Behaviors in Melting Al–Bi Immiscible Alloy

Using synchrotron radiography, a melting process of the AI-10 wt% Bi immiscible alloy was fully observed, and Bi solute coarsening and dissolution behaviors as well as their effect on the microstructural evolution were also investi- gated. We found that two different steps including coarsening and dissolution processes can be used to describe the structure evolution in melting AI-10 wt% Bi immiscible alloy. And diffusion coalescence controlled the coalescence of Bi droplets at the early stage of the melting AI-10 wt% Bi immiscible alloy, while the coagulation dttring movement did at later stage. Also, the larger the droplet, the larger the distance of the steady-state concentration distribution around the droplet.

Dynamic Asset Allocation with Loss Aversion in a Jump-diffusion Model

This paper investigates a dynamic asset allocation problem for loss-averse investors in a jumpdiffusion model where there are a riskless asset and N risky assets. Specifically, the prices of risky assets are governed by jump-diffusion processes driven by an m-dimensional Brownian motion and a（N- m）-dimensional Poisson process. After converting the dynamic optimal portfolio problem to a static optimization problem in the terminal wealth, the optimal terminal wealth is first solved. Then the optimal wealth process and investment strategy are derived by using the martingale representation approach. The closed-form solutions for them are finally given in a special example.

Phase Separation and Crystallization Induced by Electron Irradiation in Nanoscale Fe_(56.5)Mn_(11)Cr_(8.5)Ni_4Si_(10)C_(10) Metallic Glass

A nanoscale Fe56.5Mn11Cr8.5Ni4Si10C10 metallic glass was irradiated by electron beam in a 200 kV trans- mission electron microscope. Structure evolution in the metallic glass was investigated in situ during continuous irradi- ation, where phase separation was observed after irradiation for 5 min and crystallization was observed after 33.5 min. Based on the analysis of irradiation effect, atomic displacement is believed to be the main reason for the structure rearrangement. Accumulation of atomic displacement increases the energy of the sample and promotes atomic diffusion during transformation. On the other hand, the large specific surface area of the sample also contributes to increasing free energy and atomic diffusion.

Construction of Ionic Porous Organic Polymers(iPOPs)via Pyrylium Mediated Transformation

Two new ionic porous organic polymers(iPOPs)with different counter anions were successfully fabricated via well-known pyrylium mediated transformation into pyridinium.13C solid-state NMR,XPS,and FTIR were analyzed and confirmed the formation of pyridinium in the network.Containing charged and aromatic networks,both iPOPs exhibit a high affinity towards toxic hexavalent chromium Cr(Ⅵ)ions.What is more,it has been demonstrated that both CO2 adsorption and Cr(Ⅵ)removal properties can be tuned by simply varying counter anions.

First total synthesis of isoquinolinone alkaloid marinamide and its methyl ester

The first total synthesis of isoquinolinone alkaloid marinamide 1 and its methyl ester 2 was described. The key steps involved a regioselective Frieclel-Crafts reaction of 1-benzyl-1H-pyrrole to form the intermediate 8.