Genetic polymorphisms of ADH2 and ALDH2 association with esophageal cancer risk in southwest China

AIM＂ TO evaluate the impact of alcohol dehydrogenase 2 （ADH2） and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 （ALDH2） polymorphisms on esophageal cancer risk. METHODS;One hundred and ninety-one esophageal cancer patients and 198 healthy controls from Yanting County were enrolled in this study. ADH2 and ALDH2 genotypes were examined by polymerase-chain-reaction with the confronting-two-pair-primer （PCR-CTPP） method. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratios （OR） and 95% confidence interval （95% CI）. RESULTS; Both ADH2＊1 allele and ALDH2＊1/＊2 allele showed an increased risk of developing esophageal cancer. The adjusted OR （95% CI） for ADH2＊1 allele compared with ADH2＊2/＊2 was 1.65 （95% CI = 1.02-2.68） and 1.67 （95% CI = 1.02-2.72） for ALDH2＊1/＊2 compared with ALDH2＊1/＊1. A significant interaction between ALDH2 and drinking was detected regarding esophageal cancer risk, the OR was 1.83 （95% CI = 1.13-2.95）. Furthermore, when compared with ADH2＊2/＊2 and ALDH2＊1/＊1 carriers, ADH2＊1 and ALDH2＊2 carriers showed an elevated risk of developing esophageal cancer among non-alcohol drinkers

Relationship between genetic polymorphisms of ALDH2 and ADH1B and esophageal cancer risk:A meta-analysis

AIM:To evaluate the contribution of alcohol dehydrogenase-1B(ADH1B)and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2)polymorphisms to the risk of esophageal cancer.METHODS:Nineteen articles were included by searching MEDLINE,EMBASE and the Chinese Biomedical Database,13 on ADH1B and 18 on ALDH2.We performed a meta-analysis of case-control studies including 13 studies on ADH1B(cases/controls:2390/7100)and 18 studies on ALDH2(2631/6030).RESULTS:The crude odds ratio[OR(95%confidence interval)]was 2.91(2.04-4.14)for ADH1B*1/*1(vs ADH1B*2/*2)and 1.32(1.17-1.49)for ADH1B*1/*2.The crude OR for ALDH2*1/*2(vs ALDH2*1/*1)was 2.52(1.76-3.61).ADH1B*1/*1 increased the risk of esophageal cancer among never/rare[1.56(0.93-2.61)],moderate[2.71(1.37-5.35)],and heavy drinkers[3.22 (2.27-4.57)].ADH1B*1/*2 was associated with a modest risk among moderate drinkers[1.43(1.09-1.87)].ALDH2*1/*2 increased the risk among never/rare[1.28 (0.91-1.80)],moderate[3.12(1.95-5.01)],and heavy [7.12(4.67-10.86)]drinkers,and among ex-drinkers [5.64(1.57-20.25)].ALDH2*2/*2 increased the risk among drinkers[4.42(1.72-11.36)].ADH1B*1/*1 plus ALDH2*1/*2 was associated with the highest risk for heavy drinkers[12.45(2.9-53.46)].The results of the meta-regression analysis showed that the effects of ADH1B*1/*1 and ALDH2*1/*2 increased with the level of alcohol consumption.ALDH2*1/*2 was associated with a high risk among Taiwan Chinese and Japanese drinkers,as opposed to a moderate risk among drinkers in high-incidence regions of China's Mainland.ADH1B*1/*1 in heavy drinkers and ALDH2*1/*2 in moderate-toheavy drinkers was associated with similarly high risk among both men and women.CONCLUSION:ADH1B/ALDH2 genotypes affect the risk of esophageal cancer,and the risk is modified by alcohol consumption,ethnicity,and gender.

群体感应在动态代谢调控中的研究进展

群体感应(quorum sensing,QS)是一种特殊的动态代谢调控机制,是细菌用于监控自身群体密度的环境信号感受系统。近年来,随着合成生物学的大力发展,基于稳定的菌群关系的人工合成菌群以及混菌共培养技术也取得了突破性的进展。群体感应系统因为可以实现细菌自主控制菌群关系的目的,而在菌群关系构建以及代谢工程中的研究和应用受到越来越多的关注。在对群体感应系统进行概述的基础上,对单菌基于群体感应的动态代谢调控进行了总结;同时也对群体感应的动态调控在革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌之间以及混菌共培养过程中的研究进展进行综述,以期能对群体感应系统的其他应用提供一些建议和帮助。