Objective: This study aims to evaluate the natural history of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and a 17p deletion (17p-) and identify the predictive factors within this subgroup. Methods: The sam...Objective: This study aims to evaluate the natural history of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and a 17p deletion (17p-) and identify the predictive factors within this subgroup. Methods: The sample of patients with CLL were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization for deletions in chromosome bands 1 lq22, 13q14 and 17p13; trisomy of bands 12q13; and translocation involving band 14q32. The data from 456 patients with or without a 17p- were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results: The overall response rate (ORR) in patients with a 17p- was 56.9%, and patients with a high percentage of 17p- (defined as more than 25% of cells harbouring a 17p-) had a lower ORR. The median overall survival (OS) in patients with a 17p- was 78.0 months, which was significantly shorter than the OS in patients without this genetic abnormality (median 162.0 months, P〈0.001). Within the subgroup with a 17p-, the progression-free survival was significantly shorter in patients at Binet stage B-C and patients with elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), B symptoms, unmutated IGHVand a high percentage of 17p-. Conclusions: These results indicated that patients with a 17p- CLL have a variable prognosis that might be predicted using simple clinical and laboratory characteristics.展开更多
Estimating the impact of mountain landscape on hydrology or water balance is essential for the sus- tainable development strategies of water resources. Specifically, understanding how the change of each landscape infl...Estimating the impact of mountain landscape on hydrology or water balance is essential for the sus- tainable development strategies of water resources. Specifically, understanding how the change of each landscape influences hydrological components will greatly improve the predictability of hydrological responses to mountain landscape changes and thus can help the government make sounder decisions. In the paper, we used the VIC (Variable Infiltration Capacity) model to conduct hydrological modeling in the upper Heihe River watershed, along with a frozen-soil module and a glacier melting module to improve the simulation. The improved model performed satisfactorily. We concluded that there are differences in the runoff generation of mountain landscape both in space and time. About 50% of the total runoff at the catchment outlet were generated in mid-mountain zone (2,900-4,000 m asl), and water was mainly consumed in low mountain region (1,700-2,900 m asl) because of the higher requirements of trees and grasses. The runoff coefficient was 0.37 in the upper Heihe River watershed. Barren landscape produced the largest runoff yields (52.46% of the total runoff) in the upper Heihe River watershed, fol- lowed by grassland (34.15%), shrub (9.02%), glacier (3.57%), and forest (0.49%). In order to simulate the impact of landscape change on hydrological components, three landscape change scenarios were designed in the study. Scenario 1, 2 and 3 were to convert all shady slope landscapes at 2,000-3,300 m, 2,000-3,700 m, and 2,000-4,000 m asl respectively to forest lands, with forest coverage rate increased to 12.4%, 28.5% and 42.0%, respectively. The runoff at the catchment outlet correspondingly declined by 3.5%, 13.1% and 24.2% under the three scenarios. The forest landscape is very important in water conservation as it reduced the flood peak and increased the base flow. The mountains as "water towers" play important roles in water resources generation and the impact of mountain landscapes on hydrology is significant.展开更多
Soil organic carbon(SOC)and total nitrogen(TN)stocks are usually calculated with samples collected using core samplers.Although the calculation considers the effects of gravel in soil samples,other coarse fragments su...Soil organic carbon(SOC)and total nitrogen(TN)stocks are usually calculated with samples collected using core samplers.Although the calculation considers the effects of gravel in soil samples,other coarse fragments such as stones or boulders in soil may not be collected due to the restricted diameter of core samplers.This would cause an incorrect estimation of soil bulk density and ultimately SOC and TN stocks.In this study,we compared the relative volume of coarse fragment and bulk density of fine earth determined by large size soil sampler with three core samplers.We also investigated the uncertainties in estimation of SOC and TN stocks caused by this soil sampler procedure in three typical alpine grasslands on the northeast edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP),China.Results show that(1)the relative volume and size of coarse fragment collected by large size sampler were significantly(p<0.05)higher and larger than those of core samplers,while bulk density of fine earth,SOC and TN stocks show opposite patterns in all grassland types;(2)SOC and TN stocks determined by core samplers were 17%-45%and 18%-46%higher than larger size sampler for three typical alpine grasslands;and(3)bulk density of fine earth,SOC and TN stocks exponentially decreased with the increasing of coarse fragment content.We concluded that core sampler methods significantly underestimated the volume occupied by coarse fragment but overestimated SOC and TN stocks.Thus,corrections should be made to the results from core samplers using large size samplers on regions with gravel and stone-rich soils in future studies.展开更多
Rituximab maintenance(RM)prolongs the progression-free survival(PFS)of responding patients with follicular lymphoma(FL),but the maintenance efficacy in different Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index(FLIP...Rituximab maintenance(RM)prolongs the progression-free survival(PFS)of responding patients with follicular lymphoma(FL),but the maintenance efficacy in different Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index(FLIPI)risk group is still confusing.We performed a retrospective analysis of the effect of RM treatments in patients with FL responding to induction therapy based on their FLIPI risk assessment carried out prior to treatment.We identified 93 patients between 2013 and 2019 who received RM every 3 months for≥4 doses(RM group),and 60 patients who did not accept RM or received rituximab less than 4 doses(control group).After a median follow-up of 39 months,neither median overall survival(OS)nor PFS was reached for the entire population.The PFS was significantly prolonged in the RM group compared to the control group(median PFS NA vs 83.1 months,P=.00027).When the population was divided into the 3 FLIPI risk groups,the PFS differed significantly(4-year PFS rates,97.5%vs 88.8%vs 72.3%,P=.01)according to group.There was no significant difference in PFS for FLIPI low-risk patients with RM compared to the control group(4-year PFS rates,100%vs 93.8%,P=.23).However,the PFS of the RM group was significantly prolonged for FLIPI intermediate-risk(4-year PFS rates,100%vs 70.3%,P=.00077)and high-risk patients(4-year PFS rates,86.7%vs 57.1%,P=.023).These data suggest that standard RM significantly prolongs the PFS of patients assigned to intermediate-and high-risk FLIPI groups but not to low-risk FLIPI group,and pending larger-scale studies to validate.展开更多
To the Editor:As a rare indolent B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma,lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia(LPL/WM)has unique clinical and biological characteristics.[1]However,due to the difficulties in...To the Editor:As a rare indolent B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma,lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia(LPL/WM)has unique clinical and biological characteristics.[1]However,due to the difficulties in obtaining tumor metaphase for karyotyping and slow cell proliferation,only very few studies have detected the cytogenetic aberration of LPL/WM.[2,3]In addition,6q deletion is the most common cytogenetic aberration in WM,with an incidence rate of about 50%.[2]Nevertheless,other cytogenetic aberrations remain largely unclear,and the prognostic role of cytogenetic aberrations needs to be further explored.In the present study,we systematically analyzed 305 LPL/WM cases in China,focusing on the characteristics and cytogenetic aberrations in Chinese patients.展开更多
MicroRNAs(MiRNAs)carried by exosomes play pivotal roles in the crosstalk between cell components in the tumor microenvironment.Our study aimed at identifying the expression profile of exosomal miRNAs(exo-miRNAs)in the...MicroRNAs(MiRNAs)carried by exosomes play pivotal roles in the crosstalk between cell components in the tumor microenvironment.Our study aimed at identifying the expression profile of exosomal miRNAs(exo-miRNAs)in the serum of multiple myeloma(MM)patients and investigating the regulation networks and their potential functions by integrated bioinformatics analysis.Exosomes in serum from 19 newly diagnosed MM patients and 9 healthy donors were isolated and the miRNA profile was investigated by small RNA sequencing.Differential expression of exo-miRNAs was calculated and target genes of miRNAs were predicted.CytoHubba was applied to identify the hub miRNAs and core target genes.The LASSO Cox regression model was used to develop the prognostic model,and the ESTIMATE immune score was calculated to investigate the correlation between the model and immune status in MM patients.The top six hub differentially expressed serum exo-miRNAs were identified.513 target genes of the six hub exo-miRNAs were confirmed to be differentially expressed in MM cells in the Zhan Myeloma microarray dataset.Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these target genes were mainly involved in mRNA splicing,cellular response to stress,and deubiquitination.13 core exo-miRNA target genes were applied to create a novel prognostic signature to provide risk stratification for MM patients,which is associated with the immune microenvironment of MM patients.Our study comprehensively investigated the exo-miRNA profiles in MM patients.A novel prognostic signature was constructed to facilitate the risk stratification of MM patients with distinct outcomes.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 81200395, 81370632)the National Science and Technology supporting Program (No. 2014BAI09B12)+1 种基金the Fundamental Application and Advanced Technology Research Program of Tianjin (No. 15JCYBJC27900)the National Public Health Grand Research Foundation (No. 201202017)
文摘Objective: This study aims to evaluate the natural history of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and a 17p deletion (17p-) and identify the predictive factors within this subgroup. Methods: The sample of patients with CLL were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization for deletions in chromosome bands 1 lq22, 13q14 and 17p13; trisomy of bands 12q13; and translocation involving band 14q32. The data from 456 patients with or without a 17p- were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results: The overall response rate (ORR) in patients with a 17p- was 56.9%, and patients with a high percentage of 17p- (defined as more than 25% of cells harbouring a 17p-) had a lower ORR. The median overall survival (OS) in patients with a 17p- was 78.0 months, which was significantly shorter than the OS in patients without this genetic abnormality (median 162.0 months, P〈0.001). Within the subgroup with a 17p-, the progression-free survival was significantly shorter in patients at Binet stage B-C and patients with elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), B symptoms, unmutated IGHVand a high percentage of 17p-. Conclusions: These results indicated that patients with a 17p- CLL have a variable prognosis that might be predicted using simple clinical and laboratory characteristics.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41130638)the key innovation project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-YW-QN310)the National Science and Technology Support Program (2013BAB05B03)
文摘Estimating the impact of mountain landscape on hydrology or water balance is essential for the sus- tainable development strategies of water resources. Specifically, understanding how the change of each landscape influences hydrological components will greatly improve the predictability of hydrological responses to mountain landscape changes and thus can help the government make sounder decisions. In the paper, we used the VIC (Variable Infiltration Capacity) model to conduct hydrological modeling in the upper Heihe River watershed, along with a frozen-soil module and a glacier melting module to improve the simulation. The improved model performed satisfactorily. We concluded that there are differences in the runoff generation of mountain landscape both in space and time. About 50% of the total runoff at the catchment outlet were generated in mid-mountain zone (2,900-4,000 m asl), and water was mainly consumed in low mountain region (1,700-2,900 m asl) because of the higher requirements of trees and grasses. The runoff coefficient was 0.37 in the upper Heihe River watershed. Barren landscape produced the largest runoff yields (52.46% of the total runoff) in the upper Heihe River watershed, fol- lowed by grassland (34.15%), shrub (9.02%), glacier (3.57%), and forest (0.49%). In order to simulate the impact of landscape change on hydrological components, three landscape change scenarios were designed in the study. Scenario 1, 2 and 3 were to convert all shady slope landscapes at 2,000-3,300 m, 2,000-3,700 m, and 2,000-4,000 m asl respectively to forest lands, with forest coverage rate increased to 12.4%, 28.5% and 42.0%, respectively. The runoff at the catchment outlet correspondingly declined by 3.5%, 13.1% and 24.2% under the three scenarios. The forest landscape is very important in water conservation as it reduced the flood peak and increased the base flow. The mountains as "water towers" play important roles in water resources generation and the impact of mountain landscapes on hydrology is significant.
基金jointly supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation(42071139)Gansu province Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(21JR7RA066)the independent grants from the State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences(SKLCS-ZZ-2021)
文摘Soil organic carbon(SOC)and total nitrogen(TN)stocks are usually calculated with samples collected using core samplers.Although the calculation considers the effects of gravel in soil samples,other coarse fragments such as stones or boulders in soil may not be collected due to the restricted diameter of core samplers.This would cause an incorrect estimation of soil bulk density and ultimately SOC and TN stocks.In this study,we compared the relative volume of coarse fragment and bulk density of fine earth determined by large size soil sampler with three core samplers.We also investigated the uncertainties in estimation of SOC and TN stocks caused by this soil sampler procedure in three typical alpine grasslands on the northeast edge of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP),China.Results show that(1)the relative volume and size of coarse fragment collected by large size sampler were significantly(p<0.05)higher and larger than those of core samplers,while bulk density of fine earth,SOC and TN stocks show opposite patterns in all grassland types;(2)SOC and TN stocks determined by core samplers were 17%-45%and 18%-46%higher than larger size sampler for three typical alpine grasslands;and(3)bulk density of fine earth,SOC and TN stocks exponentially decreased with the increasing of coarse fragment content.We concluded that core sampler methods significantly underestimated the volume occupied by coarse fragment but overestimated SOC and TN stocks.Thus,corrections should be made to the results from core samplers using large size samplers on regions with gravel and stone-rich soils in future studies.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81970187,82170193,81920108006,and 81900203)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-C&T-B-081).
文摘Rituximab maintenance(RM)prolongs the progression-free survival(PFS)of responding patients with follicular lymphoma(FL),but the maintenance efficacy in different Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index(FLIPI)risk group is still confusing.We performed a retrospective analysis of the effect of RM treatments in patients with FL responding to induction therapy based on their FLIPI risk assessment carried out prior to treatment.We identified 93 patients between 2013 and 2019 who received RM every 3 months for≥4 doses(RM group),and 60 patients who did not accept RM or received rituximab less than 4 doses(control group).After a median follow-up of 39 months,neither median overall survival(OS)nor PFS was reached for the entire population.The PFS was significantly prolonged in the RM group compared to the control group(median PFS NA vs 83.1 months,P=.00027).When the population was divided into the 3 FLIPI risk groups,the PFS differed significantly(4-year PFS rates,97.5%vs 88.8%vs 72.3%,P=.01)according to group.There was no significant difference in PFS for FLIPI low-risk patients with RM compared to the control group(4-year PFS rates,100%vs 93.8%,P=.23).However,the PFS of the RM group was significantly prolonged for FLIPI intermediate-risk(4-year PFS rates,100%vs 70.3%,P=.00077)and high-risk patients(4-year PFS rates,86.7%vs 57.1%,P=.023).These data suggest that standard RM significantly prolongs the PFS of patients assigned to intermediate-and high-risk FLIPI groups but not to low-risk FLIPI group,and pending larger-scale studies to validate.
基金National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.81900203,81970187,82170193,and 81920108006)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(Nos.2022-12M-1-022,2021-I2M-C&T-B-081)
文摘To the Editor:As a rare indolent B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma,lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia(LPL/WM)has unique clinical and biological characteristics.[1]However,due to the difficulties in obtaining tumor metaphase for karyotyping and slow cell proliferation,only very few studies have detected the cytogenetic aberration of LPL/WM.[2,3]In addition,6q deletion is the most common cytogenetic aberration in WM,with an incidence rate of about 50%.[2]Nevertheless,other cytogenetic aberrations remain largely unclear,and the prognostic role of cytogenetic aberrations needs to be further explored.In the present study,we systematically analyzed 305 LPL/WM cases in China,focusing on the characteristics and cytogenetic aberrations in Chinese patients.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82170194,81920108006,82270175)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS 2021-I2M-1-040,CIFMS 2022-I2M-022).
文摘MicroRNAs(MiRNAs)carried by exosomes play pivotal roles in the crosstalk between cell components in the tumor microenvironment.Our study aimed at identifying the expression profile of exosomal miRNAs(exo-miRNAs)in the serum of multiple myeloma(MM)patients and investigating the regulation networks and their potential functions by integrated bioinformatics analysis.Exosomes in serum from 19 newly diagnosed MM patients and 9 healthy donors were isolated and the miRNA profile was investigated by small RNA sequencing.Differential expression of exo-miRNAs was calculated and target genes of miRNAs were predicted.CytoHubba was applied to identify the hub miRNAs and core target genes.The LASSO Cox regression model was used to develop the prognostic model,and the ESTIMATE immune score was calculated to investigate the correlation between the model and immune status in MM patients.The top six hub differentially expressed serum exo-miRNAs were identified.513 target genes of the six hub exo-miRNAs were confirmed to be differentially expressed in MM cells in the Zhan Myeloma microarray dataset.Functional enrichment analysis indicated that these target genes were mainly involved in mRNA splicing,cellular response to stress,and deubiquitination.13 core exo-miRNA target genes were applied to create a novel prognostic signature to provide risk stratification for MM patients,which is associated with the immune microenvironment of MM patients.Our study comprehensively investigated the exo-miRNA profiles in MM patients.A novel prognostic signature was constructed to facilitate the risk stratification of MM patients with distinct outcomes.