外加物理场调控二维材料的HER和OER性能

长期以来,氢燃料一直被认为是一种有前途和可行的传统化石燃料的替代品,可以支撑我们未来的能源格局。电催化水分解是一种可用于大规模高效生产高纯度氢气的可持续和环保的技术。该技术的工业化需要我们不断地提高两个电极上的析氢反应(HER)和析氧反应(OER)的反应动力学。此外,催化剂催化活性和结构稳定性的持续优化对于该技术的实际实施同样关键。因此,合适的催化剂的选取是影响电催化水分解的关键因素之一。二维(2D)纳米材料由于其独特的物理化学性质和丰富的活性位点成为了电解水领域的热点。此外,2D材料独特的物理化学特性能与外加物理场之间高度契合,可以产生一些独特的效果来增强电催化性能。因此,近些年,外加物理场在辅助改善HER和OER方面的作用和机制越来越受到关注。外加物理场,如电场,磁场,应变,光,温度和超声波,可以应用于催化剂合成和电催化过程。本文首先总结了物理场辅助电解水催化剂合成的研究。随后,根据外场在电催化过程中作用机制的不同,对外场辅助HER和OER的研究进行了分类。最后,本文指出了本领域快速发展所面临的主要挑战和前景。

Coupled multiphysical model for investigation of influence factors in the application of microbially induced calcite precipitation

The study presents a comprehensive coupled thermo-bio-chemo-hydraulic(T-BCH)modeling framework for stabilizing soils using microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP).The numerical model considers relevant multiphysics involved in MICP,such as bacterial ureolytic activities,biochemical reactions,multiphase and multicomponent transport,and alteration of the porosity and permeability.The model incorporates multiphysical coupling effects through well-established constitutive relations that connect parameters and variables from different physical fields.It was implemented in the open-source finite element code OpenGeoSys(OGS),and a semi-staggered solution strategy was designed to solve the couplings,allowing for flexible model settings.Therefore,the developed model can be easily adapted to simulate MICP applications in different scenarios.The numerical model was employed to analyze the effect of various factors,including temperature,injection strategies,and application scales.Besides,a TBCH modeling study was conducted on the laboratory-scale domain to analyze the effects of temperature on urease activity and precipitated calcium carbonate.To understand the scale dependency of MICP treatment,a large-scale heterogeneous domain was subjected to variable biochemical injection strategies.The simulations conducted at the field-scale guided the selection of an injection strategy to achieve the desired type and amount of precipitation.Additionally,the study emphasized the potential of numerical models as reliable tools for optimizing future developments in field-scale MICP treatment.The present study demonstrates the potential of this numerical framework for designing and optimizing the MICP applications in laboratory-,prototype-,and field-scale scenarios.

THE EXISTENCE AND UNIQUENESS OF TIME-PERIODIC SOLUTIONS TO THE NON-ISOTHERMAL MODEL FOR COMPRESSIBLE NEMATIC LIQUID CRYSTALS IN A PERIODIC DOMAIN

In this paper,we are concerned with a three-dimensional non-isothermal model for the compressible nematic liquid crystal flows in a periodic domain.Under some smallness and structural assumptions imposed on the time-periodic force,we establish the existence of the time-periodic solutions to the system by using a regularized approximation scheme and the topological degree theory.We also prove a uniqueness result via energy estimates.

Single cell analysis unveils B cell-dominated immune subtypes in HNSCC for enhanced prognostic and therapeutic stratification

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is characterized by high recurrence or distant metastases rate and the prognosis is challenging.There is mounting evidence that tumor-infiltrating B cells(TIL-Bs)have a crucial,synergistic role in tumor control.However,little is known about the role TIL-Bs play in immune microenvironment and the way TIL-Bs affect the outcome of immune checkpoint blockade.Using single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)data from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database,the study identified distinct gene expression patterns in TIL-Bs.HNSCC samples were categorized into TIL-Bs inhibition and TIL-Bs activation groups using unsupervised clustering.This classification was further validated with TCGA HNSCC data,correlating with patient prognosis,immune cell infiltration,and response to immunotherapy.We found that the B cells activation group exhibited a better prognosis,higher immune cell infiltration,and distinct immune checkpoint levels,including elevated PD-L1.A prognostic model was also developed and validated,highlighting four genes as potential biomarkers for predicting survival outcomes in HNSCC patients.Overall,this study provides a foundational approach for B cells-based tumor classification in HNSCC,offering insights into targeted treatment and immunotherapy strategies.

Combination treatment with telitacicept,mycophenolate mofetil and glucocorticoids for immunoglobulin A nephropathy:A case report

BACKGROUND Telitacicept reduces B cell activation and abnormal immunoglobulin A(IgA)antibody production by inhibiting the activity of B lymphocyte stimulator(BLyS)and a proliferation-inducing ligand(APRIL),thereby decreasing IgA deposition in the glomeruli and local inflammatory response.This ultimately protects the kidneys from damage.This mechanism suggests that Telitacicept has potential efficacy in the treatment of IgA nephropathy.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 24-year-old female who was diagnosed with IgA nephropathy due to significant proteinuria and mild renal impairment.Pathologically,she exhibited focal proliferative glomerulonephritis.Treatment with angiotensin II receptor blocker,hormones,and mycophenolate mofetil did not lead to a significant improvement in her condition.However,upon the addition of telitacicept,the patient’s renal function recovered and her proteinuria rapidly reduced.Hormones were swiftly tapered and discontinued,with no occurrence of severe infections or related complications.CONCLUSION Telitacicept combined with hormones and mycophenolate mofetil may be a safe and effective induction therapy for IgA nephropathy.

Synergistic“Anchor‑Capture”Enabled by Amino and Carboxyl for Constructing Robust Interface of Zn Anode

While the rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have been recognized as one of the most viable batteries for scale-up application,the instability on Zn anode–electrolyte interface bottleneck the further development dramatically.Herein,we utilize the amino acid glycine(Gly)as an electrolyte additive to stabilize the Zn anode–electrolyte interface.The unique interfacial chemistry is facilitated by the synergistic“anchor-capture”effect of polar groups in Gly molecule,manifested by simultaneously coupling the amino to anchor on the surface of Zn anode and the carboxyl to capture Zn^(2+)in the local region.As such,this robust anode–electrolyte interface inhibits the disordered migration of Zn^(2+),and effectively suppresses both side reactions and dendrite growth.The reversibility of Zn anode achieves a significant improvement with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.22%at 1 mA cm^(−2)and 0.5 mAh cm^(−2)over 500 cycles.Even at a high Zn utilization rate(depth of discharge,DODZn)of 68%,a steady cycle life up to 200 h is obtained for ultrathin Zn foils(20μm).The superior rate capability and long-term cycle stability of Zn–MnO_(2)full cells further prove the effectiveness of Gly in stabilizing Zn anode.This work sheds light on additive designing from the specific roles of polar groups for AZIBs.

CASIA2与IOL Master 700测量白内障患者角膜屈光力及散光的差异性和一致性

目的:比较CASIA2与IOL Master 700测量年龄相关性白内障患者角膜屈光力和散光的差异性和一致性。方法:回顾性研究。选取2021-11/12在我院就诊的年龄相关性白内障患者153例232眼。分别采用CASIA2和IOL Master 700测量白内障患者角膜前、后表面及全角膜的平坦轴角膜曲率(Kf)、陡峭轴角膜曲率(Ks)、平均角膜曲率(Km)、散光度数及轴向(矢量表示法J_(0)和J_(45))。分析两种仪器测量参数的差异性、相关性及一致性。结果:CASIA2与IOL Master 700测量角膜后表面J45值无差异(-0.006±0.038D vs-0.005±0.044D,P>0.05),其余参数均有差异(均P<0.05);两种仪器测量角膜前后表面及全角膜屈光力和散光均呈显著正相关(均r/r_(s)>0.7,P<0.001);Bland-Altman分析法显示角膜前表面屈光力及散光一致性较好,后表面及全角膜屈光力一致性较差。结论:CASIA2与IOL Master 700测量白内障患者角膜前表面屈光力、角膜前后表面及全角膜散光差异性较小,一致性较好,可以互相参考,而测量后表面及全角膜屈光力差异较大,不建议互换使用。

Construction of a New Model of Contactless Medical Services for Outpatients Based on the Project-Achieving Quality Control Circle

Objective: To carry out empirical research on the role of project-achieving quality control circle (QCC) in constructing a new model of contactless medical service for outpatients. Methods: A QCC, consisting of information office members from a grade A tertiary hospital in Wenzhou, was established to conduct a research project with the theme “Constructing a new model of contactless medical service based on outpatients’ experience.” According to the ten steps and PDCA cycle, an analysis was carried out before and after the QCC activities, focusing on improving pre-consultation services, providing steward-like services, and facilitating post-consultation management. Results: After the QCC activities, the mobile appointment rate, missed appointment rate, the proportion of smart check-ins, and the average check-in time were 55.68%, 4.02%, 39.75%, and 8.24 ± 3.66 min, respectively;in contrast, before the activities, they were 32.00%, 7.88%, 0.00%, and 14.96 ± 4.98 min, respectively;the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 3480.112, 4994.496;Fisher’s exact probability = 963788.570;t = 5.323, P < 0.001). Many experts have also visited the hospital to learn about this system, thus rendering social and economic benefits. Conclusion: Project-achieving QCC activities are suitable for complex situations, such as constructing a new model of contactless medical service, and can significantly improve outpatient service quality, enhance patients’ experience, and improve the abilities of circle members.

Type Synthesis of Fully Decoupled Three Translational Parallel Mechanism with Closed-Loop Units and High Stifness

In order to solve the problem of weak stifness of the existing fully decoupled parallel mechanism, a new synthesis method of fully decoupled three translational (3T) parallel mechanisms (PMs) with closed-loop units and high stifness is proposed based on screw theory. Firstly, a new criterion for the full decoupled of PMs is presented that the reciprocal product of the transmission wrench screw matrix and the output twist screw matrix of PMs is a diagonal matrix, and all elements on the main diagonal are nonzero constants. The forms of the transmission wrench screws are determined by the criterion. Secondly, the forms of the actuated and unactuated screws can be obtained according to their relationships with the transmission wrench screws. The basic decoupled limbs are generated by combination of the above actuated and unactuated screws. Finally, a closed-loop units construction method is investigated to apply the decoupled mechanisms in a better way on the high stifness occasion. The closed-loop units are constructed in the basic decoupled limbs to generate a high-stifness fully decoupled 3T PM. Kinematic and stifness analyses show that the Jacobian matrix is a diagonal matrix, and the stifness is obviously higher than that of the coupling mechanisms, which verifes the correctness of the proposed synthesis method. The mechanism synthesized by this method has a good application prospect in vehicle durability test platform.

Remediation of oily soil using acidic sophorolipids micro-emulsion

A sophorolipids(SLs)micro-emulsion in Winsor type Ⅰ form was used for crude oil contaminated soil washing treatment.The micro-emulsion shows higher oil removal rate than SLs aqueous solution and diesel oil.The type Ⅰ micro-emulsion with w(SLs)=6%,w(NaCl)=1%,w(diesel)=13.36% gave a high oil removal rate of 95.6% and the eluate remained in type Ⅰ state.The recovered oil showed lower viscosity,mainly caused by the entering of diesel from the micro-emulsion phase into the oil phase and the lower removal rate of the heavier components,such as the resin and asphaltene.The initial heavily saline-alkaline soil changed into mildly saline-alkaline state after washing treatment,favoring the germination and growth of plants,with ryegrass showing better germination and growth effect than alfalfa.The ryegrass showed good phytoremediation effect on the contaminated soil after SLs micro-emulsion washing.The combination process of SL micro-emulsion washing and ryegrass phytoremediation is prospective for oily soil treatment.

Multiscale simulations of surface adsorption characteristics of amino acids on zinc metal anode

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs) are considered promising power sources for grid storage,but they face several issues,including dendrite growth,corrosion,hydrogen evolution,etc.,which are related to the Zn metal/liquid electrolyte interface.To address these challenges,many researchers have focused on modifying the Zn anode with surface adsorption.However,the underlying mechanism between the Zn surface and adsorbed/protective molecules has not been thoroughly explored.In this study,we built a multiscale simulation platform that integrates state-of-art simulation methods to comprehensively investigate the adsorption process of amino acids on the Zn metal surface.Our major finding is that adsorption sites,adsorbate–surface angle,and average distance are critical parameters for the stability and strength of surface adsorption.Additionally,ab initio molecular dynamics reveal the kinetics of the surface adsorption and molecule reorientation processes.Specifically,it can be discovered that the amino acids prefer to align parallel to the Zn metal surface,leading to better surface protection against corrosion and preventing dendrite growth.These findings pave the way for an in-depth understanding of the surface adsorption process,as well as providing concrete design principles for stable Zn metal anodes.

Effects of Different Nitrogen and Phosphorus Synergistic Fertilizer on Enzymes and Genes Related to Nitrogen Metabolism in Wheat

In recent years,in order to improve nutrient use efficiency,especially nitrogen use efficiency,fertilizer valueadded technology has been developed rapidly.However,the mechanism of the effect of synergistic fertilizer on plant nitrogen utilization is not clear.A study was,therefore,conducted to explore the activities and gene expression of key enzymes for nitrogen assimilation and the gene expression of nitrogen transporters in wheat after the application of synergistic fertilizer.Soil column experiment was set up in Qingdao Agricultural University experimental base from October 2018 to June 2019.Maleic acid and itaconic acid were copolymerized with acrylic acid as cross-linking monomer to make a fluid gel,which was sprayed on the fertilizer surface to make nitrogen and phosphorus synergistic fertilizer.A total of 6 treatments was set according to different nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer ratios:(1)100%common nitrogen fertilizer+100%common phosphate fertilizer(2)70%nitrogen synergistic fertilizer+100%phosphorus synergistic fertilizer;(3)100%nitrogen synergistic fertilizer+70%phosphorus synergistic fertilizer;(4)100%nitrogen synergistic fertilizer+100%phosphorus synergistic fertilizer;(5)70%nitrogen synergistic fertilizer+70%phosphorus synergistic fertilizer;(6)100%commercial nitrogen synergistic fertilizer+100%commercial phosphorus synergistic fertilizer.The results are as follows:(1)the enzyme activities of wheat plants under synergistic fertilizer condition were higher than those under ordinary fertilizer,except under the treatment that nitrogen and phosphorus synergistic fertilizer were both reduced;(2)the expression level of the genes under the treatment“100%nitrogen synergistic fertilizer+100%phosphorus synergistic fertilizer”was significantly higher than those in other treatments.Combined with the higher performance of nitrogen concentration in various parts of the plant under the condition of applying synergistic fertilizer,this study indicated that the application of synergistic fertilizer can improve the nitrogen metabolism of the plant by increasing the nitrogen level in the rhizosphere soil,inducing the expression of nitrogen transporter genes and key assimilation enzymes genes.

Unsupervised Functional Data Clustering Based on Adaptive Weights

In recent years, functional data has been widely used in finance, medicine, biology and other fields. The current clustering analysis can solve the problems in finite-dimensional space, but it is difficult to be directly used for the clustering of functional data. In this paper, we propose a new unsupervised clustering algorithm based on adaptive weights. In the absence of initialization parameter, we use entropy-type penalty terms and fuzzy partition matrix to find the optimal number of clusters. At the same time, we introduce a measure based on adaptive weights to reflect the difference in information content between different clustering metrics. Simulation experiments show that the proposed algorithm has higher purity than some algorithms.

Pentacam眼前节分析系统研究散光与圆锥角膜的关系

目的:采用Pentacam眼前节分析系统研究散光与圆锥角膜的关系。方法:纳入我院早期圆锥角膜患者88例93眼,依据相关标准,将其分为临床期圆锥角膜组(43例46眼)、亚临床期圆锥角膜组(45例47眼),另选择同期有近视、散光史(散光≥2.0D)的患者(40例41眼)记为对照组,经Pentacam眼前节分析仪测定三组圆锥角膜指数(KI)、角膜表面变异系数(ISV)、垂直不对称指数(IVA)等,分析各指标对圆锥角膜的诊断价值。结果:三组的Pentacam眼前节分析仪各参数均有差异(P<0.05),对照组Rmin最高,其他参数最低,临床期圆锥角膜组Rmin较亚临床期圆锥角膜组低,而其他参数均高于亚临床期圆锥角膜组(P<0.05);KI、ISV、IVA及高度离心指数(IHD)、不规则指数(ABR)、角膜前表面最大屈光力(Kmax)、角膜后表面高度(PE)、最小曲率半径(Rmin)、角膜前表面高度(AE)诊断临床期圆锥角膜的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为1、1、1、1、0.950、0.919、0.951、1、0.992,有较好敏感度、特异度,诊断亚临床期圆锥角膜时IVA、Rmin、AE、PE有较好敏感度、特异度,其AUC分别为0.927、0.923、0.954、0.947。结论:Pentacam眼前节分析系统在圆锥角膜的早期诊断中有重要价值。

城市空间纬度下的优质小学教育资源非均等化机理探寻——以武汉市为例

基础教育是城市基本公共服务的重要组成部分,开展空间维度下的优质小学教育资源均等化研究有益于优化教育资源的空间配置,保障和提升教育公平性。本文以武汉市中心城区为例,利用空间Kriging分析和空间自相关Moran’s I指数表现出明显的空间聚集性,揭示了当前小学教育的空间配置处于不均衡发展状态。利用特征价格模型对辖区内242所小学及周边8740套住宅相关数据的分析结果显示,优质教育资源对住宅租金价格具有正向影响,而且优质教育资源空间上的分布不均加剧了周边住宅租金的上涨:学校重点等级每提升1级,对应学区的住宅租金提高220元;省级示范学校的对应小区住宅租金提高880元。为了推动小学教育和城市住宅租赁市场的均衡发展,建议政府尽快采取缩小学校质量差异的相关措施。

老年胃肠道肿瘤切除术患者术后认知功能障碍的危险因素分析

目的筛选老年胃肠道肿瘤切除术患者术后认知功能障碍(POCD)的相关危险因素。方法选取2018年6月—2020年6月中南大学湘雅三医院在全身麻醉下行择期胃肠道肿瘤切除术的老年患者221例。使用简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评估认知功能。根据患者是否发生POCD分为POCD组和非POCD组;根据患者发生POCD严重程度分为轻度POCD组、重度POCD组和非POCD组。分别记录各组患者术前、术中和术后的临床资料,并用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析危险因素。结果POCD组吸烟率及饮酒率高于非POCD组(P<0.05),POCD组与非POCD组年龄、性别构成、BMI、ASA状况、受教育程度、术前MMSE评分和病史比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。POCD组术前K+水平和术后30 d EQ-5D评分较非POCD组低(P<0.05),POCD组术后1 d疼痛[静息/活动视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分≥4分]发生率、术中失血量≥1000 ml发生率、术后入ICU支持治疗率较非POCD组高(P<0.05),POCD组与非POCD组术前握力、术前白细胞(WBC)、术前血红蛋白、术前Alb、手术时间、是否选择TAP、术中保温差异、非甾体类药物和右美托咪定治疗史比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。重度POCD、轻度POCD与非POCD组患者术前高血压病发生率、ICU支持治疗率、术前WBC≥10×10^(9)/L发生率、术中失血量≥500 ml发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),POCD组较非POCD组患者高。单因素Logistic回归分析显示,术后1 d静息状态下VAS评分≥4分、术后1 d活动状态下VAS评分≥4分、饮酒和术中失血量≥1000 ml是早期POCD的危险因素(P<0.05)。术后1 d静息状态下VAS评分≥4分、术后1 d活动状态下VAS评分≥4分、术前WBC水平≥10×10^(9)/L和术中失血量≥500 ml,是重度POCD的危险因素(P<0.05)。多因素一般Logistic回归分析结果表明,术后1 d静息状态下VAS评分≥4分[O^R=6.445(95%CI:2.621,15.845),P<0.05]、术后1 d活动状态下VAS评分≥4分[O^R=6.037(95%CI:2.996,12.164),P<0.05]、饮酒[O^R=2.320(95%CI:1.091,4.937),P<0.05]和术中失血量≥1000 ml[O^R=11.631(95%CI:1.172,115.464),P<0.05]是早期POCD的危险因素。术后1 d静息状态下VAS评分≥4分[O^R=9.583(95%CI:3.086,29.762),P<0.05]、术后1天活动状态下VAS评分≥4分[O^R=7.655(95%CI:2.576,22.743),P<0.05]、术前WBC水平≥10×10^(9)/L[O^R=11.952(95%CI:1.686,84.758),P<0.05]、术中失血量≥500 ml[O^R=7.235(95%CI:1.943,26.942),P<0.05]和高血压病史[O^R=2.753(95%CI:1.103,6.866),P<0.05]是重度POCD的危险因素。结论术后第1天VAS评分高、饮酒和术中失血量>1000 ml是老年胃肠道肿瘤切除术患者发生早期POCD的危险因素。术后第1天VAS评分高、术前WBC>10×10^(9)/L、术中失血量>500 ml和合并高血压病是老年胃肠道肿瘤切除术患者发生重度POCD的危险因素。

SHH信号通路在骨髓增生异常综合征中的表达及SMO抑制剂对MUTZ-1细胞的作用研究

目的探讨Sonic Hedgehog(SHH)信号通路相关基因在骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)患者中的表达及Smoothened(SMO)抑制剂Jervine对MUTZ-1细胞的作用。方法选取2016年6月—2018年3月于新疆医科大学第一附属医院血液病中心经骨髓细胞形态学、染色体R显带分析、荧光原位杂交、流式细胞术检查确诊的53例MDS患者。依据国际预后积分系统(IPSS)对患者预后分组,低危组2例,中危1组16例,中危2组21例,高危组14例。将低危组和中危1组归为相对低危组,中危2组和高危组归为相对高危组。选取同期该院25例缺铁性贫血患者作为正常对照组。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)检测3组患者的SHH、Patched-1、SMO和Gli-1 mRNA相对表达量;终浓度0μmol/L、1μmol/L、5μmol/L、10μmol/L Jervine作用于MUTZ-1细胞,孵育24 h;CCK-8法检测Jervine 0μmol/L组、Jervine 1μmol/L组、Jervine 5μmol/L组、Jervine 10μmol/L组MUTZ-1细胞的增殖率;Annexin V-FITC/PI双染色流式细胞术检测4组MUTZ-1细胞的凋亡率;qRT-PCR检测4组MUTZ-1细胞的SMO、Gli-1 mRNA相对表达量;Western blotting法检测4组MUTZ-1细胞SMO、Gli-1、Bcl-2、Caspase-3和Cyclin D1蛋白相对表达量。结果 3组患者的SHH、Patched-1 mRNA相对表达量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);SMO、Gli-1 mRNA相对表达量比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),相对高危组SMO和Gli-1 mRNA的相对表达量高于正常对照组和相对低危组(P <0.05)。SMO基因高、低表达组患者和Gli-1基因高、低表达组患者3年累积生存率比较,均差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。Jervine 0μmol/L组、Jervine 1μmol/L组、Jervine 5μmol/L组、Jervine 10μmol/L组MUTZ-1细胞的增殖率比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),MUTZ-1细胞增殖率与Jervine浓度呈负相关(r=-0.977,P=0.000),随Jervine浓度的升高而降低;Jervine 0μmol/L组、Jervine 1μmol/L组、Jervine 5μmol/L组、Jervine 10μmol/L组MUTZ-1细胞的凋亡率比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),MUTZ-1细胞凋亡率与Jervine浓度呈正相关(r=0.997,P=0.000),随Jervine浓度的升高而增加。Jervine 0μmol/L组、Jervine 1μmol/L组、Jervine 5μmol/L组、Jervine 10μmol/L组MUTZ-1细胞的SMO、Gli-1 mRNA相对表达量和蛋白相对表达量比较,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),Jervine5μmol/L组和Jervine 10μmol/L组低于Jervine 0μmol/L组(P <0.05)。Jervine 1μmol/L组、Jervine 5μmol/L组、Jervine 10μmol/L组与Jervine 0μmol/L组比较,Bcl-2、Cyclin D1蛋白相对表达量降低(P <0.05),Caspase-3蛋白相对表达量升高(P <0.05)。结论 MDS患者SHH信号通路异常激活,参与MDS的发生、发展,Jervine能有效抑制MUTZ-1细胞增殖,促进其凋亡。

湖北省土地利用均衡度时空差异分析

研究湖北省土地利用空间均衡度的时空差异格局以及动态变化,对区域土地资源的优化配置以及经济、社会、生态的协调发展具有重要意义。本研究基于湖北省2008~2016年经济、社会、生态等方面的相关数据,运用GIS空间分析、指数计算模型以及聚类分析方法,对全省土地利用空间均衡度进行了时空差异分析。分析结果表明:在上述时间段内,湖北省总体土地利用均衡度时空变化各有特点。1) 在时间上呈现波动上升的趋势。各地级市在此期间呈现出市域差距逐渐缩小的态势,主要表现为非均衡和基本均衡向一般均衡和显著均衡集中的变化特点。2) 在空间上呈现出明显的地域差异,经历了由离散分布到多极分布的演化过程。因此,应该结合湖北省各地级市土地利用空间均衡度的实际状况,对区域土地进行合理利用开发。

术前短期高强度肺康复训练对肺癌合并COPD患者围手术期并发症的影响

背景与目的慢性阻塞性肺病(chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, COPD)降低患者心肺功能,可导致患者围手术期风险增加。本研究拟探讨术前短期高强度肺康复训练对肺癌合并COPD患者肺功能及术后并发症的影响。方法分析2016年6月-2016年12月101例肺癌合并COPD患者的临床资料,其中肺康复训练组43例,常规治疗组58例,比较两组患者肺功能、术后肺部并发症、住院时间等指标,同时比较肺康复训练组训练前后肺功能相关指标。结果两组患者术前一般资料及肺功能无显著差异,康复训练组住院时间更长[(17.23±4.18) d vs (14.41±4.03) d],但术后住院时间与常规治疗组无显著差异[(8.93±3.78) d vs (9.62±3.98) d],两组患者术后肺部感染[8例(18.6%) vs 17例(29.3%)]、肺不张[1例(2.3%) vs 1例(1.7%)]、呼吸衰竭[1例(2.3%) vs 2例(3.4%)]等无显著差异。肺康复训练组训练前后FEV_1[(2.06±0.45) L vs (2.15±0.45) L, P<0.001]、PEF[(4.32±0.90) L/s vs (5.15±1.05) L/s, P<0.001]、PCO_2[(42.42±2.79) mmHg vs (41.58±2.98) mmHg, P=0.009]改善明显,按亚组分析,康复训练后中-重度COPD亚组FEV_1[(0.16±0.05) L (8.6%) vs (0.06±0.05) L (2.8%)]增加值较轻度COPD亚组更明显。结论术前短期肺康复训练可改善肺癌合并COPD患者肺功能,其中中-重度COPD患者肺功能改善更明显。

Functional and morphological changes of the gut barrier during the restitution process after hemorrhagic shock

AIM： To investigate the functional, morphological changes of the gut barrier during the restitution process after hemorrhagic shock, and the regional differences of the large intestine and small intestine in response to ischemia/ reperfusion injury. METHODS： Forty-seven Sprague-Dawley rats with body weight of 250-300 g were divided into two groups： control group （sham shock n = 5） and experimental group （n = 42）. Experimental group was further divided into six groups （n = 7 each） according to different time points after the hemorrhagic shock, including 0^th group, 1^st group, 3^rd group, 6th h group, 12^th group and 24^th group. All the rats were gavaged with 2 mL of suspension of lactulose （L） （100 mg/2 mL） and mannitol （M） （50 mg/each） at the beginning and then an experimental rat model of hemorrhagic shock was set up. The specimens from jejunum, ileum and colon tissues and the blood samples from the portal vein were taken at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after shock resuscitation, respectively. The morphological changes of the intestinal mucosa, including the histology of intestinal mucosa, the thickness of mucosa, the height of villi, the index of mucosal damage and the numbers of goblet cells, were determined by light microscope and/or electron microscope. The concentrations of the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharides （LPS） from the portal vein blood, which reflected the gut barrier function, were examined by using Limulus test. At the same time point, to evaluate intestinal permeability, all urine was collected and the concentrations of the metabolically inactive markers such as L and M in urine were measured by using GC-9A gas chromatographic instrument.RESULTS： After the hemorrhagic shock, the mucosal epithelial injury was obvious in small intestine even at the 0th h, and it became more serious at the 1^stand the 3^rd h. The tissue restitution was also found after 3 h, though the injury was still serious. Most of the injured mucosal restitution was established after 6 h and completed in 24 h. Two distinct models of cell deathapoptosis and necrosis-were involved in the destruction of rat intestinal epithelial cells. The number of goblet cells on intestinal mucosa was reduced significantly from 0 to 24 h （the number from 243±13 to 157±9 for ileum, 310±19 to 248±18 for colon; r= -0.910 and -0.437 respectively, all P〈0.001）, which was the same with the large intestine, but the grade of injury was lighter with the values of mucosal damage index in 3 h for jejunum, ileum, and colon being 2.8, 2.6, 1.2, respectively. The mucosal thickness and the height of villi in jejunum and ileum diminished in 1 h （the average height decreased from 309±24 to 204±23 pm and 271±31 to 231±28 pm, r = -0.758 and -0.659, all P〈0.001, the thickness from 547±23 to 418±28μm and 483±45 to 364±35μm, r= -0.898 and -0.829, all P〈0.001）, but there was no statistical difference in the colon （F= 0.296, P = 0.934）. Compared with control group, the urine L/M ratio and the blood LPS concentration in the experimental groups raised significantly, reaching the peak in 3-6 h （L/M： control vs 3 h vs6 h was 0.029±0.09 vs 0.063±0.012 vs 0.078±0.021, r = -0.786, P〈0.001; LPS： control vs3 h vs6 h was 0.09±0.021 vs 0.063±0.012 vs0.25±0.023, r=- -0.623, P〈0.001）, and it kept increasing in 24 h. CONCLUSION： The gut barrier of the rats was seriously damaged at the early phase of ischemic reperfusion injury after hemorrhagic shock, which included the injury and atrophy in intestinal mucosa and the increasing of intestinal permeability. Simultaneously, the intestinal mucosa also showed its great repairing potentiality, such as the improvement of the intestinal permeability and the recovery of the morphology at different phases after ischemic reperfusion injury. The restitution of gut barrier function was obviously slower than that of the morphology and there was no direct correlation between them. Compared with the small intestine, the large intestine had stronger potentiality against injury. The reduction of the amount of intestinal goblet cells by injury did not influence the ability of intestinal mucosal restitution at a certain extent and it appeared to be intimately involved in the restitution of the epithelium.