Artificial Monitoring of Eccentric Synchronous Reluctance Motors Using Neural Networks

This paper proposes an artificial neural network for monitoring and detecting the eccentric error of synchronous reluctance motors.Firstly,a 15 kWsynchronous reluctance motor is introduced and took as a case study to investigate the effects of eccentric rotor.Then,the equivalent magnetic circuits of the studied motor are analyzed and developed,in cases of dynamic eccentric rotor and static eccentric rotor condition,respectively.After that,the analytical equations of the studied motor are derived,in terms of its air-gap flux density,electromagnetic torque,and electromagnetic force,followed by the electromagnetic finite element analyses.Then,the modal analyses of the stator and the whole motor are performed,respectively,to explore the natural frequency and the modal shape of the motor,by which the further vibrational analysis is possible to be conducted.The vibration level of the housing is furtherly studied to investigate its relationship with the rotor eccentricity,which is validated by the prototype test.Furthermore,an artificial neural network,which has 3 layers,is proposed.By taking the air-gap flux density,the electromagnetic force,and the vibrational level as inputs,and taking the eccentric distance as output,the proposed neural network is trained till the error smaller than 5%.Therefore,this neural network is obtaining the input parameters of the tested motor,based on which it is automatically monitoring and reporting the eccentric error to the upper-level control center.

Estimation of Ecological Compensation Standards in the Yellow River Basin

It is crucial to establish a reasonable ecological compensation mechanism for the Yellow River Basin.This study uses a calculating model to estimate the value of the total cost of ecological protection in the upstream.On this basis,an apportion model is used to reach the ecological compensation standard value of each province in the midstream and downstream.The results provide a scientific reference for the ecological compensation standards in the Yellow River Basin.

Drug resistance mutations among people living with HIV with treatment failure in Henan Province,China

To the Editor:Drug resistance mutations(DRMs)involving human deficiency virus type 1(HIV-1)diminish the efficacy of current antiretroviral therapy(ART)regimens,resulting in treatment failure.A better understanding of the prevalence of local DRMs that lead to ART failure can provide valuable data for clinical-and government-level decision-making.The DRM status of people living with HIV(PLWH)refractory to ART(viral load>200 copies/mL)was assessed based on analysis of plasma samples derived from PLWH in the Sixth People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou from June 2018 to April 2022.Further,the partial polymerase(pol)and complete integrase gene-coding sequences were amplified,sequenced,and analyzed to identify DRMs.This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the Sixth People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou(No.2019-04).All participants signed written informed consent before sample collection.

Prevalence of transmitted drug resistance mutations among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in Henan Province, China

To the Editor:Even with the emergence of highly active antiretroviral therapy,human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1)remains a serious public health problem worldwide.The widespread use of antiretroviral therapy(ART)has,on the one hand,significantly improved life expectancy in patients infected with HIV-1;on the other hand,it has inevitably brought along with it a difficult problem—viral resistance.Viral resistance is a common phenomenon evolutionarily,particularly in patients with poor adherence and suboptimal drug levels.

Autophagy-related protein ATG5 regulates histone H2B mono-ubiquitylation by translational control of RNF20

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved lysosome-mediated catabolic process（Klionsky,2007）.Autophagy is believed to be essential for cell survival,especially when cells were exposed to stresses,such as nutrient starvation.