Wireless network is the basis of the Internet of things and theintelligent vehicle Internet. Due to the complexity of the Internet of things andintelligent vehicle Internet environment, the nodes of the Internet of th...Wireless network is the basis of the Internet of things and theintelligent vehicle Internet. Due to the complexity of the Internet of things andintelligent vehicle Internet environment, the nodes of the Internet of thingsand the intelligent vehicle Internet are more vulnerable to malicious destructionand attacks. Most of the proposed authentication and key agreementprotocols for wireless networks are based on traditional cryptosystems such aslarge integer decomposition and elliptic curves. With the rapid developmentof quantum computing, these authentication protocols based on traditionalcryptography will be more and more threatened, so it is necessary to designsome authentication and key agreement protocols that can resist quantumattacks. In this paper, an anti-quantum authentication scheme for wirelessnetworks based on lattice cryptosystem is constructed. In the attribute-basedauthentication scheme, the length of the authenticated public-private keypair depends on the maximum order and complexity of the formula in thealgorithm. In the attribute-based authentication scheme, there is a certaincorrelation between the authenticated data and the attribute value of theuser in the scheme. We show that the attribute-based authentication schemegives an attribute-based with smaller public-private key pairs. The securityof the attribute-based authentication scheme is based on the sub-exponentialhard problem of the LWE (Learning With Errors). The Q-poly made bythe adversary in the scheme, and our attribute-based authentication schemeguarantees that private data about user attributes and ciphertext cannot beobtained by malicious attackers.展开更多
Driven by safety issues,environmental concerns,and high costs,rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)have received increasing attention in recent years owing to their unique advantages.However,the sluggish kinet...Driven by safety issues,environmental concerns,and high costs,rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)have received increasing attention in recent years owing to their unique advantages.However,the sluggish kinetics of divalent charge Zn^(2+)in the cathode materials caused by the strong electrostatic interaction and their unsatisfactory cycle life hinder the development of ZIBs.Herein,organic cations and Zn^(2+)ions co-pre-inserted vanadium oxide([N(CH_(3))_(4)]_(0.77),Zn_(0.23))V_(8)O_(20)·3.8H_(2)O are reported as the cathode for ultra-stable aqueous ZIBs,in which the weaker electrostatic interactions between Zn^(2+)and organic ion-pinned vanadium oxide can induce the high reversibility of Zn^(2+)insertion and extraction,thereby improving the cycle life.It is demonstrated that([N(CH_(3))_(4)]_(0.77),Zn_(0.23))V_(8)O_(20)·3.8H_(2)O cathodes deliver a discharge capacity of 181 mA h g^(-1)at8 A g^(-1)and ultra-long life span(99.5%capacity retention after 2000 cycles).A reversible Zn^(2+)/H^(+)ions(de)intercalation storage process and pseudocapacitive charge storage are characterized.The weaker interactions between organic ion and Zn^(2+)open a novel avenue for the design of highly reversible cathode materials with long-term cycling stability.展开更多
Total flavonoids are the main pharmaceutical components of Trollius chinensis Bunge, and orientin and vitexin are the monomer components of total flavonoids in Trollius chinensis Bunge. In this study, an aged mouse mo...Total flavonoids are the main pharmaceutical components of Trollius chinensis Bunge, and orientin and vitexin are the monomer components of total flavonoids in Trollius chinensis Bunge. In this study, an aged mouse model was established through intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose for 8 weeks, followed by treatment with 40, 20, or 10 mg/kg orientin, vitexin, or a positive control (vitamin E) via intragastric administration for an additional 8 weeks. Orientin, vitexin, and vitamin E improved the general medical status of the aging mice and significantly increased their brain weights. They also produced an obvious rise in total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase levels in the serum, and the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, Na+-K+-ATP enzyme, and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP enzyme in the liver, brain and kidneys. In addition, they significantly reduced malondialdehyde levels in the liver, brain and kidney and lipofuscin levels in the brain. They also significantly improved the neuronal ultrastructure. The 40 mg/kg dose of orientin and vitexin had the same antioxidant capacity as vitamin E. These experimental findings indicate that orientin and vitexin engender anti-aging effects through their antioxidant capacities.展开更多
In this study,waste cotton fabric was used as cellulose raw material and pretreated in aqueous NaOH/urea solution system to investigate the effect of NaOH/urea pretreatment solution on the hydrolysis of cotton fiber.T...In this study,waste cotton fabric was used as cellulose raw material and pretreated in aqueous NaOH/urea solution system to investigate the effect of NaOH/urea pretreatment solution on the hydrolysis of cotton fiber.The cotton fiber was pretreated with different conditions of aqueous NaOH/urea solution,and the pretreated cotton fiber was hydrolyzed under the same conditions as the original cotton fiber.The results of characterization analysis showed that water retention value of pretreated cotton fiber was higher than that of unpretreated sample.Moreover,the cotton fiber presented both a convoluted structure and a coarser surface,XRD results suggested that the crystallinity degree of cellulose decreased dramatically,more cellulose II appeared,and the hydrogen bond is broken.Among the different pretreatment conditions,the pretreatment effect was the best when the reaction temperature was 0°C,the solid-liquid ratio was 2:50,and the NaOH/urea ratio was 7:12.The hydrolysis experiments of pretreated and unpretreated cotton fibers showed that when the hydrothermal temperature was 230°C,the heat preservation was 2 h,and the hydrochloric acid concentration was 5 wt.%,the glucose yield reached 29.99%.H+could catalyze the hydrolysis of cotton fiber more effectively due to damage to crystal structure and hydrogen bonds.展开更多
This paper considers a robust kernel regularized classification algorithm with a non-convex loss function which is proposed to alleviate the performance deterioration caused by the outliers.A comparison relationship b...This paper considers a robust kernel regularized classification algorithm with a non-convex loss function which is proposed to alleviate the performance deterioration caused by the outliers.A comparison relationship between the excess misclassification error and the excess generalization error is provided;from this,along with the convex analysis theory,a kind of learning rate is derived.The results show that the performance of the classifier is effected by the outliers,and the extent of impact can be controlled by choosing the homotopy parameters properly.展开更多
In order to study the feeding effect of fine division of feeding stages on the growing-finishing pigs,96 healthy Duroc × Landrace ×Yorkshire hybrid commercial pigs with similar age in days,size,and body weig...In order to study the feeding effect of fine division of feeding stages on the growing-finishing pigs,96 healthy Duroc × Landrace ×Yorkshire hybrid commercial pigs with similar age in days,size,and body weight about 15 kg,half boars and half sows,randomly divided into3 treatments( each treatment repeated 4 times,and each repetition 8 pigs). According to the body weight division standard,three stages,four stages,and five stages of feeding were adopted separately. The daily ration of with different nutrition levels was used,body weight and feed consumption were measured,and effects of different feeding methods on body weight increase,feed utilization,and economic benefits of growing-finishing pigs. The results showed that compared with the three-stage feeding,the body weight of five-stage and four-stage feeding increased by 4. 18%( P < 0. 01) and 2. 41%( P < 0. 05),respectively,and the body weight of five-stage feeding increased by 1. 74%( P < 0. 05) compared with that of four-stage feeding; the daily feed consumption of five-stage and four-stage feeding increased 3. 10%( P < 0. 01) and 1. 70%(P <0. 01),respectively,and the daily feed consumption of five-stage feeding was 1. 37% higher than that of four-stage feeding. The feed cost of five-stage feeding and four-stage feeding increased 3. 32%( P < 0. 01) and 1. 61%( P < 0. 05) separately,and the feed cost of five-stage feeding was 1. 69% higher than that of four-stage feeding( P < 0. 01). The income from average body weight increase of five-stage and fourstage feeding increased by 5. 47%( P < 0. 01) and 3. 59%( P < 0. 01) respectively,and the benefit of average body weight increase of fivestage feeding was 1. 81% higher than that of four-stage feeding( P > 0. 05). The crude protein consumption from average body weight increase of five-stage and four-stage feeding decreased by 2. 28%( P < 0. 01) and 1. 68%( P < 0. 01),respectively; the crude protein consumption from average body weight increase of five-stage feeding was 0. 67% lower than that of four-stage feeding; the feed conversion ratio of five-stage feeding,four-stage feeding,and three-stage feeding was 2. 92,2. 93,and 2. 95 respectively. The results showed that compared with the threestage feeding,the four-stage and five-stage feeding could significantly increase the body weight of the growing-finishing pigs,improve the feed utilization level and improve the economic benefits,and the effect of five-stage feeding was better than the four-stage feeding.展开更多
Along with the progress of economic globalization and the Belt and Road Initiative,there is a great need for international talents with global vision,knowledge of international rules and regulations,English language p...Along with the progress of economic globalization and the Belt and Road Initiative,there is a great need for international talents with global vision,knowledge of international rules and regulations,English language proficiency,and the ability to participate in international affairs and competitions.Through text analysis and interviews,this study collects typical English language use tasks in the workplace,and uses questionnaires to investigate the importance and difficulty of different tasks for English language users in different industries,positions and ranks,hence providing references for the design of English training and assessment tasks for international talents.展开更多
Li metal batteries(LMBs)offer signifi-cant potential as high energy density alternatives;nev-ertheless,their performance is hindered by the slow desolvation process of electrolytes,particularly at low temperatures(LT)...Li metal batteries(LMBs)offer signifi-cant potential as high energy density alternatives;nev-ertheless,their performance is hindered by the slow desolvation process of electrolytes,particularly at low temperatures(LT),leading to low coulombic efficiency and limited cycle stability.Thus,it is essential to opti-mize the solvation structure thereby achieving a rapid desolvation process in LMBs at LT.Herein,we introduce branch chain-rich diisopropyl ether(DIPE)into a 2.5 M Li bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide dipropyl ether(DPE)elec-trolyte as a co-solvent for high-performance LMBs at-20°C.The incorporation of DIPE not only enhances the disorder within the electrolyte,but also induces a steric hindrance effect form DIPE’s branch chain,excluding other solvent molecules from Li+solvation sheath.Both of these factors contribute to the weak interactions between Li^(+)and solvent molecules,effectively reducing the desolvation energy of the electrolyte.Consequently,Li(50μm)||LFP(mass loading~10 mg cm^(-2))cells in DPE/DIPE based electrolyte demonstrate stable performance over 650 cycles at-20°C,delivering 87.2 mAh g^(-1),and over 255 cycles at 25°C with 124.8 mAh g^(-1).DIPE broadens the electrolyte design from molecular structure considera-tions,offering a promising avenue for highly stable LMBs at LT.展开更多
Rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs),with the easy operation,cost effectiveness,and high safety,are emerging candidates for high-energy wearable/portable energy storage systems.Unfortunately,the unsatisfacto...Rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs),with the easy operation,cost effectiveness,and high safety,are emerging candidates for high-energy wearable/portable energy storage systems.Unfortunately,the unsatisfactory energy density and undesired long-term cycling performance of the cathode hinder the development of ZIBs.Here,we report the chemical preintercalation of a small amount of calcium ions into V2O5 as the cathode material.The cathode of Ca0.04V2O5·1.74H2O (CVO)was demonstrated to have a high specific capacity of 400 mA h g^-1at the current density of 0.05 A g^-1and 187 mA h g^-1at 10 A g^-1,along with impressive capacity retention (100%capacity retention at 10 A g^-1 for 3,000 cycles).Meanwhile,the CVO//Zn battery exhibits a high energy density of 308 Wh kg^-1and a power density of 467 W kg^-1at 0.5 A g^-1.The superior performance originates from the pinning effect of the calcium ions and the lubricating effect of the structural water.The energy storage mechanism of the CVO cathode was also investigated in detail.The new phase (Zn3(OH)2V2O7·2H2O) generated upon cycling participates in the electrochemical reaction and thus contributes to the excellent electrochemical performance.The small amount of Ca^2+ pre-inserted into the interlayer of V2O5 sheds light on constructing cathodes with high energy density for ZIBs.展开更多
Osteoimmunomodulation was identified as a new and important strategy to enhance osteogenic differentiation together with other osteogenic approaches.However,approaches regulating osteogenic differentiation and macroph...Osteoimmunomodulation was identified as a new and important strategy to enhance osteogenic differentiation together with other osteogenic approaches.However,approaches regulating osteogenic differentiation and macrophage polarization to remodel an osteoinductive microenvironment are separate and complicated.Therefore,the design and synthesis of one biomaterial that couples the osteogenic performance and immunomodulatory ability is a major challenge for efficient bone repair.In this study,self-assembled iron-catechin nanoparticles(Fe-cat NPs)were designed based on the coordinated reaction between iron ions and catechin and synthesized via a facile one-pot strategy.Interestingly,Fe-cat NPs show intracellular pH-responsive disassembly and release catechin molecules under the low pH of lysosomes after endocytosis.This strategy delivers catechin intracellularly and then enhances the osteogenic differentiation while inhibits the adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells(hADSCs).More importantly,Fe-cat NPs remodel the osteogenic immune microenvironment by resisting inflammation and promoting M2 polarization of macrophages.As a promising metal-organic nanodrug,the intracellular pH-responsive Fe-cat NPs significantly enhance the therapeutic effect of bone regneration by orchestrating osteogenic differentiation and immunomodulation,which may have great potential in bone tissue engineering.展开更多
Pre-intercalation of metal ions into vanadium oxide is an effective strategy for optimizing the performance of rechargeable zinc-ion battery(ZIB)cathodes.However,the battery long-lifespan achievement and high-capacity...Pre-intercalation of metal ions into vanadium oxide is an effective strategy for optimizing the performance of rechargeable zinc-ion battery(ZIB)cathodes.However,the battery long-lifespan achievement and high-capacity retention remain a challenge.Increasing the electronic conductivity while simultaneously prompting the cathode diffusion kinetics can improve ZIB electrochemical performance.Herein,N-doped vanadium oxide(N-(Zn,en)VO)via defect engineering is reported as cathode for aqueous ZIBs.Positron annihilation and electron paramagnetic resonance clearly indicate oxygen vacancies in the material.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations show that N-doping and oxygen vacancies concurrently increase the electronic conductivity and accelerate the diffusion kinetics of zinc ions.Moreover,the presence of oxygen vacancies substantially increases the storage sites of zinc ions.Therefore,N-(Zn,en)VO exhibits excellent electrochemical performance,including a peak capacity of 420.5 mA h g^(-1)at 0.05 A g^(-1),a high power density of more than 10000 W kg^(-1)at 65.3 Wh kg^(-1),and a long cycle life at 5 A g^(-1)(4500 cycles without capacity decay).The methodology adopted in our study can be applied to other cathodic materials to improve their performance and extend their practical applications.展开更多
The Paleo-Asian Ocean (Southern Mongolian Ocean) ophiolitic belts and massive granitoids are exposed in the Alxa block, in response to oceanic subduction processes. In this work, we report petrographic, geochem- ica...The Paleo-Asian Ocean (Southern Mongolian Ocean) ophiolitic belts and massive granitoids are exposed in the Alxa block, in response to oceanic subduction processes. In this work, we report petrographic, geochem- ical, and zircon U-Pb age data of some granitoid intrusions from the northern Alxa. Zircon U-Pb dating for the quartz diorite, tonalite, monzogranite, and biotite granite yielded weighted mean 206pb/238U ages o f 302 ±9.2 Ma, 246.5±54.6 Ma, 235±4.4 Ma, and 229.5±5.6 Ma, respectively. The quartz diorites (-302 Ma) exhibit geochemical similarities to adakites, likely derived from partial melting of the initially subducted Chaganchulu back-arc oceanic slab. The tonalites (-246.5 Ma) display geochemical affinities of I-type granites. They were probably derived by fractional crystallization of the modified lithospheric mantle-derived basaltic magmas in a volcanic arc setting. The monzo- granites (-235 Ma) are characterized by low A1203, but high Y and Yb with notably negative Eu anomalies. In contrast, the biotite granites (-229.5 Ma) show high A1203 but low Y and Yb with steep HREE patterns and the absence of negative Eu anomalies. Elemental data suggested that the biotite granites were likely derived from a thickened lower crust, but the monzogranites originated from a thin crust. Our data suggested that the initial subduction of the Chaganchulu oceanic slab towards the Alxa block occurred at - 302 Ma. This subduction process continued to the Early Triassic (-246 Ma) and the basin was finally closed before the Middle Triassic (-235 Ma). Subsequently, the break-off of the subducted slab triggered asthenosphere upwelling (240-230 Ma).展开更多
基金supported by the Special Project for Scientific and Technological Cooperation of Jiangxi Province[no.20212BDH80021].
文摘Wireless network is the basis of the Internet of things and theintelligent vehicle Internet. Due to the complexity of the Internet of things andintelligent vehicle Internet environment, the nodes of the Internet of thingsand the intelligent vehicle Internet are more vulnerable to malicious destructionand attacks. Most of the proposed authentication and key agreementprotocols for wireless networks are based on traditional cryptosystems such aslarge integer decomposition and elliptic curves. With the rapid developmentof quantum computing, these authentication protocols based on traditionalcryptography will be more and more threatened, so it is necessary to designsome authentication and key agreement protocols that can resist quantumattacks. In this paper, an anti-quantum authentication scheme for wirelessnetworks based on lattice cryptosystem is constructed. In the attribute-basedauthentication scheme, the length of the authenticated public-private keypair depends on the maximum order and complexity of the formula in thealgorithm. In the attribute-based authentication scheme, there is a certaincorrelation between the authenticated data and the attribute value of theuser in the scheme. We show that the attribute-based authentication schemegives an attribute-based with smaller public-private key pairs. The securityof the attribute-based authentication scheme is based on the sub-exponentialhard problem of the LWE (Learning With Errors). The Q-poly made bythe adversary in the scheme, and our attribute-based authentication schemeguarantees that private data about user attributes and ciphertext cannot beobtained by malicious attackers.
基金supported by the funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.51902187,52072224,and 51732007)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2018BEM010)+3 种基金the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shandong Province(ZR2019JQ16)the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong UniversityYoung Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST(YESS)the support from Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong
文摘Driven by safety issues,environmental concerns,and high costs,rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)have received increasing attention in recent years owing to their unique advantages.However,the sluggish kinetics of divalent charge Zn^(2+)in the cathode materials caused by the strong electrostatic interaction and their unsatisfactory cycle life hinder the development of ZIBs.Herein,organic cations and Zn^(2+)ions co-pre-inserted vanadium oxide([N(CH_(3))_(4)]_(0.77),Zn_(0.23))V_(8)O_(20)·3.8H_(2)O are reported as the cathode for ultra-stable aqueous ZIBs,in which the weaker electrostatic interactions between Zn^(2+)and organic ion-pinned vanadium oxide can induce the high reversibility of Zn^(2+)insertion and extraction,thereby improving the cycle life.It is demonstrated that([N(CH_(3))_(4)]_(0.77),Zn_(0.23))V_(8)O_(20)·3.8H_(2)O cathodes deliver a discharge capacity of 181 mA h g^(-1)at8 A g^(-1)and ultra-long life span(99.5%capacity retention after 2000 cycles).A reversible Zn^(2+)/H^(+)ions(de)intercalation storage process and pseudocapacitive charge storage are characterized.The weaker interactions between organic ion and Zn^(2+)open a novel avenue for the design of highly reversible cathode materials with long-term cycling stability.
基金supported by the Foundation of Zhangjiakou Science and Technology Committee, No.0711046D-9 and No.11110015D
文摘Total flavonoids are the main pharmaceutical components of Trollius chinensis Bunge, and orientin and vitexin are the monomer components of total flavonoids in Trollius chinensis Bunge. In this study, an aged mouse model was established through intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose for 8 weeks, followed by treatment with 40, 20, or 10 mg/kg orientin, vitexin, or a positive control (vitamin E) via intragastric administration for an additional 8 weeks. Orientin, vitexin, and vitamin E improved the general medical status of the aging mice and significantly increased their brain weights. They also produced an obvious rise in total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase levels in the serum, and the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, Na+-K+-ATP enzyme, and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP enzyme in the liver, brain and kidneys. In addition, they significantly reduced malondialdehyde levels in the liver, brain and kidney and lipofuscin levels in the brain. They also significantly improved the neuronal ultrastructure. The 40 mg/kg dose of orientin and vitexin had the same antioxidant capacity as vitamin E. These experimental findings indicate that orientin and vitexin engender anti-aging effects through their antioxidant capacities.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Nos.51703153 and 21802101].
文摘In this study,waste cotton fabric was used as cellulose raw material and pretreated in aqueous NaOH/urea solution system to investigate the effect of NaOH/urea pretreatment solution on the hydrolysis of cotton fiber.The cotton fiber was pretreated with different conditions of aqueous NaOH/urea solution,and the pretreated cotton fiber was hydrolyzed under the same conditions as the original cotton fiber.The results of characterization analysis showed that water retention value of pretreated cotton fiber was higher than that of unpretreated sample.Moreover,the cotton fiber presented both a convoluted structure and a coarser surface,XRD results suggested that the crystallinity degree of cellulose decreased dramatically,more cellulose II appeared,and the hydrogen bond is broken.Among the different pretreatment conditions,the pretreatment effect was the best when the reaction temperature was 0°C,the solid-liquid ratio was 2:50,and the NaOH/urea ratio was 7:12.The hydrolysis experiments of pretreated and unpretreated cotton fibers showed that when the hydrothermal temperature was 230°C,the heat preservation was 2 h,and the hydrochloric acid concentration was 5 wt.%,the glucose yield reached 29.99%.H+could catalyze the hydrolysis of cotton fiber more effectively due to damage to crystal structure and hydrogen bonds.
基金supported by the NSF(61877039)the NSFC/RGC Joint Research Scheme(12061160462 and N City U 102/20)of China+2 种基金the NSF(LY19F020013)of Zhejiang Provincethe Special Project for Scientific and Technological Cooperation(20212BDH80021)of Jiangxi Provincethe Science and Technology Project in Jiangxi Province Department of Education(GJJ211334)。
文摘This paper considers a robust kernel regularized classification algorithm with a non-convex loss function which is proposed to alleviate the performance deterioration caused by the outliers.A comparison relationship between the excess misclassification error and the excess generalization error is provided;from this,along with the convex analysis theory,a kind of learning rate is derived.The results show that the performance of the classifier is effected by the outliers,and the extent of impact can be controlled by choosing the homotopy parameters properly.
基金Supported by Key Scientific and Technological Planning Project of Shanxi Province(20120311022-5)Project of Scientific and Technological Innovation Team for Safe and Efficient Swine Production in Shanxi Province
文摘In order to study the feeding effect of fine division of feeding stages on the growing-finishing pigs,96 healthy Duroc × Landrace ×Yorkshire hybrid commercial pigs with similar age in days,size,and body weight about 15 kg,half boars and half sows,randomly divided into3 treatments( each treatment repeated 4 times,and each repetition 8 pigs). According to the body weight division standard,three stages,four stages,and five stages of feeding were adopted separately. The daily ration of with different nutrition levels was used,body weight and feed consumption were measured,and effects of different feeding methods on body weight increase,feed utilization,and economic benefits of growing-finishing pigs. The results showed that compared with the three-stage feeding,the body weight of five-stage and four-stage feeding increased by 4. 18%( P < 0. 01) and 2. 41%( P < 0. 05),respectively,and the body weight of five-stage feeding increased by 1. 74%( P < 0. 05) compared with that of four-stage feeding; the daily feed consumption of five-stage and four-stage feeding increased 3. 10%( P < 0. 01) and 1. 70%(P <0. 01),respectively,and the daily feed consumption of five-stage feeding was 1. 37% higher than that of four-stage feeding. The feed cost of five-stage feeding and four-stage feeding increased 3. 32%( P < 0. 01) and 1. 61%( P < 0. 05) separately,and the feed cost of five-stage feeding was 1. 69% higher than that of four-stage feeding( P < 0. 01). The income from average body weight increase of five-stage and fourstage feeding increased by 5. 47%( P < 0. 01) and 3. 59%( P < 0. 01) respectively,and the benefit of average body weight increase of fivestage feeding was 1. 81% higher than that of four-stage feeding( P > 0. 05). The crude protein consumption from average body weight increase of five-stage and four-stage feeding decreased by 2. 28%( P < 0. 01) and 1. 68%( P < 0. 01),respectively; the crude protein consumption from average body weight increase of five-stage feeding was 0. 67% lower than that of four-stage feeding; the feed conversion ratio of five-stage feeding,four-stage feeding,and three-stage feeding was 2. 92,2. 93,and 2. 95 respectively. The results showed that compared with the threestage feeding,the four-stage and five-stage feeding could significantly increase the body weight of the growing-finishing pigs,improve the feed utilization level and improve the economic benefits,and the effect of five-stage feeding was better than the four-stage feeding.
基金funded by China Language Assessment project“Survey of Typical Tasks across Jobs for International Talents”(Project No.:ZGWYCPJJ2018002A).Email:zhengcl@fltrp.com。
文摘Along with the progress of economic globalization and the Belt and Road Initiative,there is a great need for international talents with global vision,knowledge of international rules and regulations,English language proficiency,and the ability to participate in international affairs and competitions.Through text analysis and interviews,this study collects typical English language use tasks in the workplace,and uses questionnaires to investigate the importance and difficulty of different tasks for English language users in different industries,positions and ranks,hence providing references for the design of English training and assessment tasks for international talents.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.92372118,52072224)the Youth Innovation Team Project of Shandong Provincial Education Department(2021KJ093)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2020YQ35)the Qilu Young Scholar Funding of Shandong Universitythe Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(YESS,2019QNRC001)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Provincial(ZR2023ZD52)。
文摘Li metal batteries(LMBs)offer signifi-cant potential as high energy density alternatives;nev-ertheless,their performance is hindered by the slow desolvation process of electrolytes,particularly at low temperatures(LT),leading to low coulombic efficiency and limited cycle stability.Thus,it is essential to opti-mize the solvation structure thereby achieving a rapid desolvation process in LMBs at LT.Herein,we introduce branch chain-rich diisopropyl ether(DIPE)into a 2.5 M Li bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide dipropyl ether(DPE)elec-trolyte as a co-solvent for high-performance LMBs at-20°C.The incorporation of DIPE not only enhances the disorder within the electrolyte,but also induces a steric hindrance effect form DIPE’s branch chain,excluding other solvent molecules from Li+solvation sheath.Both of these factors contribute to the weak interactions between Li^(+)and solvent molecules,effectively reducing the desolvation energy of the electrolyte.Consequently,Li(50μm)||LFP(mass loading~10 mg cm^(-2))cells in DPE/DIPE based electrolyte demonstrate stable performance over 650 cycles at-20°C,delivering 87.2 mAh g^(-1),and over 255 cycles at 25°C with 124.8 mAh g^(-1).DIPE broadens the electrolyte design from molecular structure considera-tions,offering a promising avenue for highly stable LMBs at LT.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51902187,52072224,51732007)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2018BEM010)+2 种基金the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shandong Province(ZR2019JQ16)the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University,Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST(YESS)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of Shandong.
文摘Rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs),with the easy operation,cost effectiveness,and high safety,are emerging candidates for high-energy wearable/portable energy storage systems.Unfortunately,the unsatisfactory energy density and undesired long-term cycling performance of the cathode hinder the development of ZIBs.Here,we report the chemical preintercalation of a small amount of calcium ions into V2O5 as the cathode material.The cathode of Ca0.04V2O5·1.74H2O (CVO)was demonstrated to have a high specific capacity of 400 mA h g^-1at the current density of 0.05 A g^-1and 187 mA h g^-1at 10 A g^-1,along with impressive capacity retention (100%capacity retention at 10 A g^-1 for 3,000 cycles).Meanwhile,the CVO//Zn battery exhibits a high energy density of 308 Wh kg^-1and a power density of 467 W kg^-1at 0.5 A g^-1.The superior performance originates from the pinning effect of the calcium ions and the lubricating effect of the structural water.The energy storage mechanism of the CVO cathode was also investigated in detail.The new phase (Zn3(OH)2V2O7·2H2O) generated upon cycling participates in the electrochemical reaction and thus contributes to the excellent electrochemical performance.The small amount of Ca^2+ pre-inserted into the interlayer of V2O5 sheds light on constructing cathodes with high energy density for ZIBs.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFB0405400)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51732007)+2 种基金Major Innovation Projects in Shandong Province(No.2018YFJH0503)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2020YQ35)Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by CAST,and the Project of“20 items of University”ofjinan(No.2018GXRC031)。
文摘Osteoimmunomodulation was identified as a new and important strategy to enhance osteogenic differentiation together with other osteogenic approaches.However,approaches regulating osteogenic differentiation and macrophage polarization to remodel an osteoinductive microenvironment are separate and complicated.Therefore,the design and synthesis of one biomaterial that couples the osteogenic performance and immunomodulatory ability is a major challenge for efficient bone repair.In this study,self-assembled iron-catechin nanoparticles(Fe-cat NPs)were designed based on the coordinated reaction between iron ions and catechin and synthesized via a facile one-pot strategy.Interestingly,Fe-cat NPs show intracellular pH-responsive disassembly and release catechin molecules under the low pH of lysosomes after endocytosis.This strategy delivers catechin intracellularly and then enhances the osteogenic differentiation while inhibits the adipogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells(hADSCs).More importantly,Fe-cat NPs remodel the osteogenic immune microenvironment by resisting inflammation and promoting M2 polarization of macrophages.As a promising metal-organic nanodrug,the intracellular pH-responsive Fe-cat NPs significantly enhance the therapeutic effect of bone regneration by orchestrating osteogenic differentiation and immunomodulation,which may have great potential in bone tissue engineering.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:51732007,51902187,52072224Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,Grant/Award Numbers:ZR2018BEM010,ZR2020YQ35+1 种基金Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Equipment for Biological Diagnosis and Therapy in Universities of ShandongYoung Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program,Grant/Award Number:2019QNRC001。
文摘Pre-intercalation of metal ions into vanadium oxide is an effective strategy for optimizing the performance of rechargeable zinc-ion battery(ZIB)cathodes.However,the battery long-lifespan achievement and high-capacity retention remain a challenge.Increasing the electronic conductivity while simultaneously prompting the cathode diffusion kinetics can improve ZIB electrochemical performance.Herein,N-doped vanadium oxide(N-(Zn,en)VO)via defect engineering is reported as cathode for aqueous ZIBs.Positron annihilation and electron paramagnetic resonance clearly indicate oxygen vacancies in the material.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations show that N-doping and oxygen vacancies concurrently increase the electronic conductivity and accelerate the diffusion kinetics of zinc ions.Moreover,the presence of oxygen vacancies substantially increases the storage sites of zinc ions.Therefore,N-(Zn,en)VO exhibits excellent electrochemical performance,including a peak capacity of 420.5 mA h g^(-1)at 0.05 A g^(-1),a high power density of more than 10000 W kg^(-1)at 65.3 Wh kg^(-1),and a long cycle life at 5 A g^(-1)(4500 cycles without capacity decay).The methodology adopted in our study can be applied to other cathodic materials to improve their performance and extend their practical applications.
基金During the research work, we appreciated advice from Senior Engineer Yang Bin of the Gansu Province Geology and Mining Bureau and Zhang Xiang, Engineer, of Gansu Province Geological Survey. We thank the editors and anonymous reviewers for comments that greatly improved the presentation of the paper. Thanks to Shuangshuang Wang for the help during the laboratory work. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41173014), the Central Universities Fundamental Research Project (Lzu-Jbky-2012-128), and Gansu Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (Lanzhou University) funded project.
文摘The Paleo-Asian Ocean (Southern Mongolian Ocean) ophiolitic belts and massive granitoids are exposed in the Alxa block, in response to oceanic subduction processes. In this work, we report petrographic, geochem- ical, and zircon U-Pb age data of some granitoid intrusions from the northern Alxa. Zircon U-Pb dating for the quartz diorite, tonalite, monzogranite, and biotite granite yielded weighted mean 206pb/238U ages o f 302 ±9.2 Ma, 246.5±54.6 Ma, 235±4.4 Ma, and 229.5±5.6 Ma, respectively. The quartz diorites (-302 Ma) exhibit geochemical similarities to adakites, likely derived from partial melting of the initially subducted Chaganchulu back-arc oceanic slab. The tonalites (-246.5 Ma) display geochemical affinities of I-type granites. They were probably derived by fractional crystallization of the modified lithospheric mantle-derived basaltic magmas in a volcanic arc setting. The monzo- granites (-235 Ma) are characterized by low A1203, but high Y and Yb with notably negative Eu anomalies. In contrast, the biotite granites (-229.5 Ma) show high A1203 but low Y and Yb with steep HREE patterns and the absence of negative Eu anomalies. Elemental data suggested that the biotite granites were likely derived from a thickened lower crust, but the monzogranites originated from a thin crust. Our data suggested that the initial subduction of the Chaganchulu oceanic slab towards the Alxa block occurred at - 302 Ma. This subduction process continued to the Early Triassic (-246 Ma) and the basin was finally closed before the Middle Triassic (-235 Ma). Subsequently, the break-off of the subducted slab triggered asthenosphere upwelling (240-230 Ma).