A Review of ＂Extensive Reading in English＂

This is a review of the article ＂Extensive Reading in English： habits and attitudes of a group of Italian university EFL students＂. This review is concerned with such aspects as the title of the article, the problem dealt with in the article, research methods, subjects, use of tables, conclusions based on data analysis and the significance of the study.

Enhanced host immune responses in presence of HCV facilitate HBV clearance in coinfection

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)/Hepatitis C virus(HCV)coinfection is frequently observed because of the common infection routine.Despite the reciprocal inhibition exerted by HBV and HCV genomes,the coinfection of HBV and HCV is associated with more severe forms of liver diseases.However,the complexity of viral interference and underlying pathological mechanism is still unclarified.With the demonstration of absence of direct viral interplay,some in vitro studies suggest the indirect effects of viral-host interaction on viral dominance outcome.Here,we comprehensively investigated the viral replication and host immune responses which might mediate the interference between viruses in HBV/HCV coinfected Huh7-NTCP cells and immunocompetent HCV human receptors transgenic ICR mice.We found that presence of HCV significantly inhibited HBV replication in vitro and in vivo irrespective of the coinfection order,while HBV did not affect HCV replication.Pathological alteration was coincidently reproduced in coinfected mice.In addition to the participation of innate immune response,an involvement of HCV in up-regulating HBV-specific immune responses was described to facilitate HBV clearance.Our systems partially recapitulate HBV/HCV coinfection and unveil the uncharacterized adaptive anti-viral immune responses during coinfection,which renews the knowledge on the nature of indirect viral interaction during HBV/HCV coinfection.

Microfiber Bragg Grating for Temperature and Strain Sensing Applications

Fiber Bragg grating is inscribed on microfiber with femtosecond laser pulses irradiation. The microfiber is fabricated by stretching a section of single mode fiber over a flame. Periodic grooves are carved on the microfiber by the laser as have been observed experimentally. The microfiber Bragg grating is demonstrated for temperature and strain sensing, and the strain sensitivity is improved with decreased diameters of the microfibers.

Explicit solutions for a class of nonlinear BSDEs and their nodal sets

In this paper,we investigate a class of nonlinear backward stochastic differential equations(BSDEs)arising from financial economics,and give the sign of corresponding solution.Furthermore,we are able to obtain explicit solutions to an interesting class of nonlinear BSDEs,including the k-ignorance BSDE arising from the modeling of ambiguity of asset pricing.Moreover,we show its applications in PDEs and contingent pricing in an incomplete market.

A comparison study of the performance of Ag_(2)CO_(3) photocatalysts synthesized respectively in a surfactant-free microemulsion, water, and a water/propan-2-ol mixture

A comparison study was conducted on the performance of the Ag_(2)CO_(3) visible light catalysts synthesized in a surfactant-free microemulsion(SFME),water and water/propan-2-ol mixture,respectively.The XPS spectra show that all the synthesized Ag_(2)CO_(3) products have good purity.The SEM,XRD,BET and DRS characterizations indicate that the Ag_(2)CO_(3) product synthesized in the SFME template has higher crys-tallinity,more regular morphology,more uniform size,larger specific surface area,and stronger visible light absorption performance,thus having better catalytic photodegradation activity for rhodamine B(RhB),methylene blue(MB)and methyl orange(MO).When the degradation time reaches 45 min,the degradation rate of RhB is as high as 99.11%.Na_(2)CO_(3) has a good stabilizing effect when its concentration is 0.001 mol L^(-1).This research is of great significance to expand the application of SFMEs in the synthesis of high-efficiency catalytic materials.