A missing link of the Proto-Tethys Ocean between the Qinling and Qilian orogens,China:Insights from geochronology and structural geology

The Qinling-Qilian connection zone(QQCZ)is a key area to reveal the relationship and to make a link of the North Qinling and the North Qilian orogens,China.Here we present U-Pb dating data of detrital zircons from four sedimentary/metasedimentary rocks in the QQCZ and the southwestern North China Block(NCB)and detailed regional structural data.Three episodes of fold deformation(D1,D2 and D3)are distinguished in the QQCZ,with the former two occurred during the early Paleozoic.The D1 deformation is mainly characterized by regionally penetrative schistosity and some residual rootless intrafolial folds due to the intensive superpositions by the subsequent D2 and D3 deformations.The D2 deformation characterized by tight folds,associated axial plane foliations and crenulation lineations indicates a stress field characterized by NNE-SSW-directed compression,which may be induced by the collision between the NCB and the southern blocks.The D3 deformation which might occur during the Mesozoic is marked by upright open folds and kink bands.The similarity of the detrital zircon age spectra of the Huluhe Group in the North Qilian Orogen and the Erlangping Group in the North Qinling Orogen suggests that the two groups have similar provenance,which may indicate that the North Qilian Orogen corresponded to the North Qinling Orogen in a regional tectonic framework.In addition,the remarkable age peak at^435 Ma of the detrital zircon age spectrum of the Duanjiaxia Formation in the southwestern NCB indicates that this formation obtained the provenance of the North Qilian and North Qinling orogens,which may be generated by the collage of the southwestern NCB and the QQCZ during the Late Ordovician-Early Silurian.Based on structural,detrital zircon and metamorphic data,we suggest that the North Qilian and North Qinling orogens underwent similar evolution during the early Paleozoic due to the closure of the North Qilian and the Kuanping oceans which located at the northern boundary of the Proto-Tethys Ocean.

The roles and mechanisms of SREBP1 in cancer development and drug response

Cancer occurrence and development are closely related to increased lipid produc-tion and glucose consumption.Lipids are the basic component of the cell membrane and play a significant role in cancer cell processes such as cell-to-cell recognition,signal transduction,and energy supply,which are vital for cancer cell rapid proliferation,invasion,and metastasis.Sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1(SREBP1)is a key transcription factor regulating the expression of genes related to cholesterol biosynthesis,lipid homeostasis,and fatty acid synthesis.In addition,SREBP1 and its upstream or downstream target genes are implicated in various metabolic diseases,particularly cancer.However,no review of sREBP1 in cancer biology has yet been published.Herein,we summarized the roles and mechanisms of SREBP1 biological processes in cancer cells,including SREBP1 modification,lipid metabolism and reprogramming,glucose and mitochondrial metabolism,immunity,and tumor microenvi-ronment,epithelial-mesenchymal transition,cell cycle,apoptosis,and ferroptosis.Addition-ally,we discussed the potential role of SREBP1 in cancer prognosis,drug response such as drug sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiotherapy,and the potential drugs targeting SREBP1 and its corresponding pathway,elucidating the potential clinical application based on SREBP1 and its corresponding signal pathway.

西太平洋中生代板块俯冲过程与东亚洋陆过渡带构造-岩浆响应

中生代期间,华北与华南地块受西太平洋的板块俯冲过程、东亚大陆边缘深浅部过程的影响,其构造、岩浆、成矿、地貌演化趋势表现出一些共性,但也存在显著差异,其动力机制一般认为由古太平洋板块俯冲所致,但是它们是如何关联的,长期未得到解决,是地质研究的难点和热点,存在巨大争论.本文系统评述了近十年来已有东亚大陆边缘的构造变形分析、岩浆岩年代学、层析成像等多学科成就,简要探讨了前燕山期的中国陆块的最终聚合、统一陆缘的形成,随后主要侧重综述侏罗纪、白垩纪东亚洋陆过渡带燕山期地质过程的新认识.本文将浅部构造变形规律、岩浆岩年龄分带和迁移、地形巨大反转,与深部过程紧密结合,提出:华北克拉通破坏过程总体受深部岩石圈早幕向西的分层回卷拆沉、减薄制约,导致早期构造、岩浆作用伴随西迁,中幕多向拆沉,晚幕拆沉向东回撤;同时,北部鄂霍茨克洋闭合与南部班公湖-怒江俯冲系统的同期联合作用使得东亚洋陆过渡带总体处于挤压背景下,且深部上涌的软流圈不断向东跃迁,带动岩石圈不断向东、幕式、交替性伸展和挤压.华南深部早期则经历了向西平板俯冲,导致变形和岩浆作用西迁;后期发生两幕拆沉,导致构造-岩浆作用向东跃迁.总之,华北与华南构造-岩浆差异的内因是深部过程,外因是东亚大汇聚的差异所致.

Ginsenosides in Panax genus and their biosynthesis

Ginsenosides are a series of glycosylated triterpenoids which belong to protopanaxadiol(PPD)-,protopanaxatriol(PPT)-,ocotillol(OCT)-and oleanane(OA)-type saponins known as active compounds of Panax genus.They are accumulated in plant roots,stems,leaves,and flowers.The content and composition of ginsenosides are varied in different ginseng species,and in different parts of a certain plant.In this review,we summarized the representative saponins structures,their distributions and the contents in nearly 20 Panax species,and updated the biosynthetic pathways of ginsenosides focusing on enzymes responsible for structural diversified ginsenoside biosynthesis.We also emphasized the transcription factors in ginsenoside biosynthesis and non-coding RNAs in the growth of Panax genus plants,and highlighted the current three major biotechnological applications for ginsenosides production.This review covered advances in the past four decades,providing more clues for chemical discrimination and assessment on certain ginseng plants,new perspectives for rational evaluation and utilization of ginseng resource,and potential strategies for production of specific ginsenosides.

Research progress of sacubitril/valsartan in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction

With the launch of sacubitril/valsartan(ARNI),there are new options for the treatment of heart failure(HF).However,ARNI is currently only used in HF patients with reduced ejection fraction(HFrEF).No evidence shows that no modern treatment can reduce mortality in HF patients with preserved ejection fraction(HFpEF).Therefore,it is urgently necessary clarify whether ARNI can be used in the treatment of HFpEF.In the present study,we summarized the research progress of ARNI in the treatment of HFpEF.

A novel cytochrome P450 gene from Catharanthus roseus cell line C_(20)hi:cloning and characterization of expression

An expressed sequence tag(EST)obtained from a subtractive-suppression hybridization cDNA library constructed using Catharanthus roseus cell line C_(20)hi and its parental cell line C_(20)D was used to clone a ful-length cytochrome P450 cDNA of cyp71d1.The encoded polypeptide contained 507 amino acids with 39-56% identity to other CYP7ID subfamily members at the.amino acid level.Expression characteristics of cyp71d1 were determined using semi-quantitative RT-PCR.The cyp71d1 transcript was expressed in all three cell lines with the highest level in the cell line C_(20)hi.In the mature C.roseus plant,the cyp71d1 cDNA was highly expressed in petals,roots and stems,but very weakly expressed in young leaves.Its transcription level increased with the development of flowers.2,4-D could down-regulate the transcription of cyp71d1,as did KT,but only to a minor degree.Neither light nor yeast elicitor could induce the transcription of cyp71d1.

Pharmacological and clinical evaluation of a new anti-flu drug, baloxavir marboxil

Baloxavir marboxil is a polymerase acidic(PA)endonuclease inhibitor,which is approved by the U.S Food and Drug Administration(FDA)on October 25,2018,for the treatment of uncomplicated influenza patients aged 12 years and older.In the present work,we reviewed the pharmacodynamics,pharmacokinetics,drug interactions,clinical trials and adverse reactions of baloxavir marboxil.