Flexible wearable sweat sensors allow continuous,real-time,noninvasive detection of sweat analytes,provide insight into human physiology at the molecular level,and have received significant attention for their promisi...Flexible wearable sweat sensors allow continuous,real-time,noninvasive detection of sweat analytes,provide insight into human physiology at the molecular level,and have received significant attention for their promising applications in personalized health monitoring.Electrochemical sensors are the best choice for wearable sweat sensors due to their high performance,low cost,miniaturization,and wide applicability.Recent developments in soft microfluidics,multiplexed biosensing,energy harvesting devices,and materials have advanced the compatibility of wearable electrochemical sweat-sensing platforms.In this review,we summarize the potential of sweat for medical detection and methods for sweat stimulation and collection.This paper provides an overview of the components of wearable sweat sensors and recent developments in materials and power supply technologies and highlights some typical sensing platforms for different types of analytes.Finally,the paper ends with a discussion of the challenges and a view of the prospective development of this exciting field.展开更多
Researchers have widely acknowledged the therapeutic value of epilepsy surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy.None-theless,there is a substantial gap in the surgical treatment for appropriate candidates owing to several ...Researchers have widely acknowledged the therapeutic value of epilepsy surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy.None-theless,there is a substantial gap in the surgical treatment for appropriate candidates owing to several factors,particularly in the population of young children.To standardize the protocols of preoperative evaluation and sur-gery of young children for epilepsy surgery,the China Association Against Epilepsy has appointed an expert task force to standardize the protocols of preoperative evaluation and surgery in pediatric epilepsy patients.It adopted the modifed Delphi method and performed two rounds of surveys through an anonymous inquiry among 75 experts from four subgroups including pediatric neurologists,epileptologists,pediatric epilepsy surgeons,and functional neurosurgeons.The survey contents contained:(1)the participants,comprising children aged≤6 years;(2)adopted DRE definition proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy in 2010;and(3)investigated epilepsy surgery,principally referring to curative epilepsy surgeries.The neuromodulation therapies were excluded because of the differences in treatment mechanisms from the above-mentioned surgeries.According to the Delphi process,a con-sensus was achieved for most aspects by incorporating two rounds of surveys including preoperative assessment,sur-gical strategies and techniques,and perioperative and long-term postoperative management,despite controversial opinions on certain items.We hope the results of this consensus will improve the level of surgical treatment and man-agement of intractable epilepsy in young children.展开更多
Introduction:Hypersalivation has been associated with Rolandic epilepsy and other childhood epilepsy syndromes.However,pure salivatory seizures are a rare type of focal seizure in which ictal hypersalivation is the do...Introduction:Hypersalivation has been associated with Rolandic epilepsy and other childhood epilepsy syndromes.However,pure salivatory seizures are a rare type of focal seizure in which ictal hypersalivation is the dominant feature throughout the seizures.Case presentation:We present a case of pure salivatory seizures originating from the right post-central operculum cortex,confirmed by the favorable surgical outcome.We attempt to analyze the symptom from behavioral and neural network perspectives and propose a possible mechanism to generate ictal hypersalivation and pure salivatory seizures.Conclusion:Based on previous reports in the literature and our case,we emphasize the importance of the operculum in patients with ictal hypersalivation,particularly in patients with pure salivatory seizures.展开更多
Tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC)is a rare disease that involves multiple organs,including the brain;approximately 80%-90%of TSC patients exhibit TSC-associated epilepsy.Independent temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE),TSC-unrel...Tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC)is a rare disease that involves multiple organs,including the brain;approximately 80%-90%of TSC patients exhibit TSC-associated epilepsy.Independent temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE),TSC-unrelated epilepsy,is particularly rare in patients with TSC.Here,we describe three patients with TSC with independent TLEs that were confirmed by stereo-electroencephalography(EEG),postoperative pathological findings,and seizure outcome at follow-up.The patients were retrospectively enrolled at two centers;their ictal epileptiform discharge onsets were determined using electrode contacts in the hippocampus during stereo-EEG.The three patients underwent anterior temporal lobectomies and remained seizure-free at 1-5 years after surgery.Postoperative pathological examinations confirmed hippocampal sclerosis in all three patients.Furthermore,postoperative intelligence quotient improvement was evident in one patient,while the quality of life was improved in two patients at 12 months after surgery.展开更多
基金support from the National Key R&D Program of China (Nos.2020YFC2004500,2021YFB3200600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC Nos.62073307,61774157,and 81771388)+1 种基金the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2019-I2M-5-019)the CAS Joint Fund for Equipment Preresearch (8091A140106).
文摘Flexible wearable sweat sensors allow continuous,real-time,noninvasive detection of sweat analytes,provide insight into human physiology at the molecular level,and have received significant attention for their promising applications in personalized health monitoring.Electrochemical sensors are the best choice for wearable sweat sensors due to their high performance,low cost,miniaturization,and wide applicability.Recent developments in soft microfluidics,multiplexed biosensing,energy harvesting devices,and materials have advanced the compatibility of wearable electrochemical sweat-sensing platforms.In this review,we summarize the potential of sweat for medical detection and methods for sweat stimulation and collection.This paper provides an overview of the components of wearable sweat sensors and recent developments in materials and power supply technologies and highlights some typical sensing platforms for different types of analytes.Finally,the paper ends with a discussion of the challenges and a view of the prospective development of this exciting field.
文摘Researchers have widely acknowledged the therapeutic value of epilepsy surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy.None-theless,there is a substantial gap in the surgical treatment for appropriate candidates owing to several factors,particularly in the population of young children.To standardize the protocols of preoperative evaluation and sur-gery of young children for epilepsy surgery,the China Association Against Epilepsy has appointed an expert task force to standardize the protocols of preoperative evaluation and surgery in pediatric epilepsy patients.It adopted the modifed Delphi method and performed two rounds of surveys through an anonymous inquiry among 75 experts from four subgroups including pediatric neurologists,epileptologists,pediatric epilepsy surgeons,and functional neurosurgeons.The survey contents contained:(1)the participants,comprising children aged≤6 years;(2)adopted DRE definition proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy in 2010;and(3)investigated epilepsy surgery,principally referring to curative epilepsy surgeries.The neuromodulation therapies were excluded because of the differences in treatment mechanisms from the above-mentioned surgeries.According to the Delphi process,a con-sensus was achieved for most aspects by incorporating two rounds of surveys including preoperative assessment,sur-gical strategies and techniques,and perioperative and long-term postoperative management,despite controversial opinions on certain items.We hope the results of this consensus will improve the level of surgical treatment and man-agement of intractable epilepsy in young children.
文摘Introduction:Hypersalivation has been associated with Rolandic epilepsy and other childhood epilepsy syndromes.However,pure salivatory seizures are a rare type of focal seizure in which ictal hypersalivation is the dominant feature throughout the seizures.Case presentation:We present a case of pure salivatory seizures originating from the right post-central operculum cortex,confirmed by the favorable surgical outcome.We attempt to analyze the symptom from behavioral and neural network perspectives and propose a possible mechanism to generate ictal hypersalivation and pure salivatory seizures.Conclusion:Based on previous reports in the literature and our case,we emphasize the importance of the operculum in patients with ictal hypersalivation,particularly in patients with pure salivatory seizures.
基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:7202045National Nature Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:82071488。
文摘Tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC)is a rare disease that involves multiple organs,including the brain;approximately 80%-90%of TSC patients exhibit TSC-associated epilepsy.Independent temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE),TSC-unrelated epilepsy,is particularly rare in patients with TSC.Here,we describe three patients with TSC with independent TLEs that were confirmed by stereo-electroencephalography(EEG),postoperative pathological findings,and seizure outcome at follow-up.The patients were retrospectively enrolled at two centers;their ictal epileptiform discharge onsets were determined using electrode contacts in the hippocampus during stereo-EEG.The three patients underwent anterior temporal lobectomies and remained seizure-free at 1-5 years after surgery.Postoperative pathological examinations confirmed hippocampal sclerosis in all three patients.Furthermore,postoperative intelligence quotient improvement was evident in one patient,while the quality of life was improved in two patients at 12 months after surgery.
