State of the Art and Prospects in Metal-Organic Framework-Derived Microwave Absorption Materials

Microwave has been widely used in many fields,including communication,medical treatment and military industry;however,the corresponding generated radiations have been novel hazardous sources of pollution threating human’s daily life.Therefore,designing high-performance microwave absorption materials(MAMs)has become an indispensable requirement.Recently,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have been considered as one of the most ideal precursor candidates of MAMs because of their tunable structure,high porosity and large specific surface area.Usually,MOF-derived MAMs exhibit excellent electrical conductivity,good magnetism and sufficient defects and interfaces,providing obvious merits in both impedance matching and microwave loss.In this review,the recent research progresses on MOF-derived MAMs were profoundly reviewed,including the categories of MOFs and MOF composites precursors,design principles,preparation methods and the relationship between mechanisms of microwave absorption and microstructures of MAMs.Finally,the current challenges and prospects for future opportunities of MOF-derived MAMs are also discussed.

Preparation and properties of poly(ethylene glycol)-bpoly( 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid) glucose responsive particles and their hyaluronic acid-based microneedle patches

To overcome the pain and risk of hypoglycemia in insulin administration,glucose-responsive microneedles have been developed by researchers,which could release insulin according to the blood glucose level.We designed a kind of particles by a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT)method containing a phenylboronic acid group as the sensor of glucose and carrier of insulin.poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG)-2-(dodecylthio(thiocarbonyl)thio)-2-methylpropionic acid(DDMAT)was synthesized as a macromolecular RAFT agent,which was then reacted with 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid(AAPBA)to synthesize the block copolymer PEG-b-PAAPBA.Glucose-responsive particles loaded with insulin were prepared by self-assembly based on hydrophilic-hydrophobic interactions.Microneedle patches loaded with glucose-responsive particles were prepared using hyaluronic acid as the substrate.The insulin release behavior of the particles in glucose solutions of 0,100,and 400 mg/dL showed significant glucose responsiveness and good biosafety.The results of blood glucose control experiments in rats indicate that a single microneedle patch can effectively maintain normal blood glucose for over 7 h.

A neutralizing-protective supersite of human monoclonal antibodies for yellow fever virus

The yellow fever virus(YFV)is a life-threatening human pathogen.Owing to the lack of available therapeutics,non-vaccinated individuals are at risk.Here,we isolated eight human monoclonal antibodies that neutralize YFV infection.Five recognized overlapping epitopes and exhibited potent neutralizing activity.Two(YD6 and YD73)were ultra-potent and conferred complete protection against the lethal challenge of YFV as both prophylactics and therapeutics in a mouse model.Crystal structures revealed that YD6 engaged the YFV envelope protein in both pre-and post-fusion states,suggesting viral inhibition by a“double-lock”mechanism.The recognition determinants for YD6 and YD73 are clustered at the premembrane(prM)-binding site.Notably,antibodies targeting this site were present in minute traces in YFV-infected individuals but contributed significantly to neutralization,suggesting a vulnerable supersite of YFV.We provide two promising candidates for immunotherapy against YFV,and the supersite represents an ideal target for epitope-based vaccine design.