Neuromorphic encryption:combining speckle correlography and event data for enhanced security

Leveraging an optical system for image encryption is a promising approach to information security since one can enjoy parallel,high-speed transmission,and low-power consumption encryption features.However,most existing optical encryption systems involve a critical issue that the dimension of the ciphertexts is the same as the plaintexts,which may result in a cracking process with identical plaintextciphertext forms.Inspired by recent advances in computational neuromorphic imaging(CNI)and speckle correlography,a neuromorphic encryption technique is proposed and demonstrated through proof-ofprinciple experiments.The original images can be optically encrypted into event-stream ciphertext with a high-level information conversion form.To the best of our knowledge,the proposed method is the first implementation for event-driven optical image encryption.Due to the high level of encryption data with the CNI paradigm and the simple optical setup with a complex inverse scattering process,our solution has great potential for practical security applications.This method gives impetus to the image encryption of the visual information and paves the way for the CNI-informed applications of speckle correlography.

Single-shot non-line-of-sight imaging based on chromato-axial differential correlography

Non-line-of-sight(NLOS)imaging is a challenging task aimed at reconstructing objects outside the direct view of the observer.Nevertheless,traditional NLOS imaging methods typically rely on intricate and costly equipment to scan and sample the hidden object.These methods often suffer from restricted imaging resolution and require high system stability.Herein,we propose a single-shot high-resolution NLOS imaging method via chromato-axial differential correlography,which adopts low-cost continuous-wave lasers and a conventional camera.By leveraging the uncorrelated laser speckle patterns along the chromato-axis,this method can reconstruct hidden objects of diverse complexity using only one exposure measurement.The achieved background stability through singleshot acquisition,along with the inherent information redundancy in the chromato-axial differential speckles,enhances the robustness of the system against vibration and colored stain interference.This approach overcomes the limitations of conventional methods by simplifying the sampling process,improving system stability,and achieving enhanced imaging resolution using available equipment.This work serves as a valuable reference for the real-time development and practical implementation of NLOS imaging.

Screening a neurotransmitter-receptor-related inhibitor library identifies clomipramine HCl as a potential antiviral compound against Japanese encephalitis virus

Background Japanese encephalitis virus(JEV)is a leading cause of viral encephalitis worldwide.JEV exhibits significant neuroinvasiveness and neurotoxicity,resulting in considerable damage to the nervous system.Japanese encephalitis is associated with high morbidity and mortality rate,seriously harming both human health and livestock production.The current lack of specific antiviral drugs means that the development of new therapeutic agents for JEV has become urgent.Methods Anti-JEV drugs were screened from 111 inhibitors of neurotransmitter receptor-related molecules by high content technology.The antiviral effects of clomipramine HCl were evaluated through plaque assay,real-time quantitative PCR,immunofluorescence assay and western blotting assay.Bioinformatic tools were utilized to cluster the altered signaling pathway members after clomipramine HCl treatment.Finally,the anti-JEV mechanism was deeply resolved in vivo via such molecular biology and virological detection techniques.Results In this study,we screened nine compounds with significant anti-JEV activity,of which clomipramine HCl demonstrated the most potent antiviral effect and exhibited dose-dependent activity.Mechanistically,clomipramine HCl may activate endoplasmic reticulum stress and modulate the unfolded protein response,thus inhibiting the assembly stage of JEV infection.Conclusion This study highlights the importance of clomipramine HCl as a promising approach for JEV infection protection,which may lead to new host-directed antiviral approaches to such mosquito-borne viruses.

Imaging through unknown scattering media based on physics-informed learning

Imaging through scattering media is one of the hotspots in the optical field, and impressive results have been demonstrated via deep learning(DL). However, most of the DL approaches are solely data-driven methods and lack the related physics prior, which results in a limited generalization capability. In this paper, through the effective combination of the speckle-correlation theory and the DL method, we demonstrate a physics-informed learning method in scalable imaging through an unknown thin scattering media, which can achieve high reconstruction fidelity for the sparse objects by training with only one diffuser. The method can solve the inverse problem with more general applicability, which promotes that the objects with different complexity and sparsity can be reconstructed accurately through unknown scattering media, even if the diffusers have different statistical properties. This approach can also extend the field of view(FOV) of traditional speckle-correlation methods. This method gives impetus to the development of scattering imaging in practical scenes and provides an enlightening reference for using DL methods to solve optical problems.

临床5.0 T超高场MRI评估脑动脉及其分支的价值

目的探讨5.0 T超高场MR评估脑动脉及其分支的价值。方法本研究为前瞻性研究。收集复旦大学附属中山医院2021年9月1日至11月30日招募的健康成年人40名,采用完全随机设计将其分为3.0 T MR组和5.0 T MR组,每组20名。对所有受检者进行时间飞跃MR血管成像(TOF-MRA),采用主观Likert5量表评分和信噪比(SNR)、对比噪声比(CNR)对图像质量进行评估,采用3分量表法对脑动脉显示质量[大脑中动脉(MCA)及其3段、大脑前动脉(ACA)及其3段、大脑后动脉(PCA)及其3段、豆纹动脉(LA)、脑桥动脉(PA)]进行评估。2组间定量指标的比较采用独立样本t检验和Mann-WhitneyU检验。结果40名受检者中男29名、女11名,年龄20~69(50±12)岁。5.0 T MR组图像的SNR值(187±9)和CNR值(156±7)高于3.0 T MR组(分别为91±4、70±4),差异有统计学意义(t分别为31.59、31.45,P<0.001),但5.0 T MR组、3.0 T MR组图像质量主观评分差异无统计学意义[分别为5.0(4.0,5.0)、5.0(5.0,5.0)分,Z=-1.23,P=0.218]。对脑动脉的评估上,3.0 T MR组与5.0 T MR组TOF-MRA在MCA、ACA和PCA近段及中段的显示均较好,评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而在远段血管的显示上5.0 T MR组图像均明显优于3.0 T MR组图像(P<0.05)。在穿支动脉的评估中也可发现5.0 T MR组对LA和PA的显示均显著高于3.0 T MR组图像(P<0.001)。结论5.0 T超高场强MR扫描对远段脑血管及穿支动脉显示较佳,可用于脑血管疾病的诊断和鉴别诊断。

Settling behavior of spherical particles in vertical annulus:Experimental study and model development

Coiled tubing(CT)drilling technology offers significant advantages in terms of cost and efficiency for exploitations of unconventional oil and gas resources.However,the development of CT drilling technol-ogy is restricted by cuttings accumulation in the wellbore due to non-rotation of the drill string and limited circulating capacity.Cuttings cleaning becomes more difficult with the wall resistance of pipe-wellbore annulus on the cutting transport.Accurate description of particle transport process in the pipe-wellbore annulus is,therefore,important for improving the wellbore cleanliness.In this study,high-speed cam-era is used to record and analyze the settling process of particles in the transparent annulus filled with power-law fluids.A total of 540 tests were carried out,involving dimensionless diameters of 0.10-0.95 and particle Reynolds Numbers of 0.01-12.97,revealing the effect of the dimensionless diameter and particle Reynolds number on the annulus wall effect,and the wall factor model with an average relative error of2.75%was established.In addition,a dimensionless parameter,Archimedes number,independent of the settling velocity,was introduced to establish an explicit model of the settling velocity of spherical particles in the vertical annulus,with the average relative error of 7.89%.Finally,a calculation example was provided to show how to use the explicit model of settling velocity in annulus.The results of this study are expected to provide guidance for field engineers to improve the wellbore cleanliness of coiled tubing drilling.

A carbon efficiency upgrading method for mechanical machining based on scheduling optimization strategy

Low-carbon manufacturing(LCM)is increasingly being regarded as a new sustainable manufacturing model of carbon emission reduction in the manufacturing industry.In this paper,a two-stage low-carbon scheduling optimization method of job shop is presented as part of the efforts to implement LCM,which also aims to reduce the processing cost and improve the efficiency of a mechanical machining process.In the first stage,a task assignment optimization model is proposed to optimize carbon emissions without jeopardizing the processing efficiency and the profit of a machining process.Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution are then adopted to assign the most suitable batch task of different parts to each machine.In the second stage,a processing route optimization model is established to plan the processing sequence of different parts for each machine.Finally,niche genetic algorithm is utilized to minimize the makespan.A case study on the fabrication of four typical parts of a machine tool is demonstrated to validate the proposed method.

On Disjoint Cycles of the Same Length in Tournaments

A tournament is an orientation of the complete graph.Tournaments form perhaps the most interesting class of digraphs and it has a great potential for application.Tournaments provide a model of the statistical technique called the method of paired comparisons and they have also been studied in connection with sociometric relations in small groups.In this paper,we investigate disjoint cycles of the same length in tournaments.In 2010,Lichiardopol conjectured that for given integers l≥3 and k≥1,any tournament with minimum out-degree at least(l-1)k-1 contains k disjoint l-cycles,where an l-cycle is a cycle of order l.Bang-Jensen et al.verified the conjecture for l=3 and Ma et al.proved that it also holds for l≥10.This paper provides a proof of the conjecture for the case of 9≥l≥4.

浅谈通信机房的安全供电工作

本文对通信机房的安全供电从工程设计、建设施工、维护管理等三个方面进行了较为详尽的描述,对从事通信电源方面工作的同行具有一定的参考作用。