Descriptions of two species of Nassarius(Gastropoda:Nassariidae)from the South China Sea

Two new species belonging to genus Nassarius are described and illustrated based on shell morphology and radular features.Nassarius sanyaensis sp.nov.,collected from intertidal zone of Sanya,Hainan Island,China,most resembles Nassarius lyraeformis(Marrat,1880)in general shell shape,but differs from the latter in having remarkable nodules on shell surface.Nassarius beibuensis sp.nov.,sampled from shallow water of Beibu Gulf,is most similar to Nassarius oblongus(Marrat,1877),but can be distinguished from it mainly in having stronger sculpture.This study expands our knowledge of Nassarius diversity and distribution in China seas.

Tritonia iocasica sp.nov.,a new tritoniid species from a seamount in the tropical Western Pacific(Heterobranchia:Nudibranchia)

During an expedition to a seamount at Caroline Plate in the tropical Western Pacific,a new species of Tritonia was sampled from the upper bathyal zone at depth of 970-1262 m.This new species,Tritonia iocasica sp.nov.,represents the first tritoniid nudibranch known to feed on octocoral of the family Melithaeidae.The species is up to 120 mm in length,pinkish in color;with the rhinophoral sheath divided into several petaliform extensions;veil with,about 18 elongate digitiform processes;notal margin with17-19 pairs of secondary gills;anus located below the 5th and 6th secondary gills,and the genitalia below the 3rd secondary gill on the right side of the body.Based on these external features,T.iocasica sp.nov.can be dearly distinguished from all previously described members of the genus.Phylogenetic analyses of two mitochondrial(COI,16 S rRNA)and a nuclear(H3)genes using Bayesian inference,maximum likelihood,and species delimitation analysis also support the separation of T.iocasica sp.nov.from its congeners.

Descriptions of four new species of the genus Reticunassa Iredale,1936(Gastropoda:Nassariidae)from the northeastern coast of Taiwan Island and the South China Sea

In the present study,four new species of the genus Reticunassa Iredale,1936 collected from Chinese waters are described and illustrated.Reticunassa hugokooli sp.nov.,Reticunassa jungi sp.nov.and Reticunassa aureolineata sp.nov.were collected from the northeastern coast of Taiwan Island,whereas Reticunassa fuscofasciata sp.nov.was collected from the northeastern coast of Taiwan Island and the South China Sea.The four new species can be distinguished conchologically from other congeners mainly in protoconch,shell shape,sculpture,and coloration.These findings demonstrate that the biodiversity of this group in China might be largely underestimated.

Two new species of the genus Nassarius(Gastropoda:Nassariidae) from the South China Sea

Two species of Nassarius Duméril, 1805 from the South China Sea are described and illustrated. The specimens are in the Nassariidae collection of the Marine Biological Museum of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao.Nassarius concavus sp. nov., from the sandy bottom at a depth of 180 m, resembles Nassarius glabrus Zhang and Zhang, 2014 in general shell morphology, but differs from the latter in having a smaller, more slender adult shell without axial ribs on the upper teleoconch whorls. Nassarius nanshaensis sp. nov., from the Nansha Islands at a depth of 56–147 m, is similar to Nassarius maxiutongi Zhang, Zhang and Li, 2019 in the shell sculpture, but differs in having a more slender shell with a higher spire, and fewer cusps on the rachidian tooth(9–11 vs. 13–17).

Berberine prevents primary peritoneal adhesion and adhesion reformation by directly inhibiting TIMP-1

Peritoneal adhesions are fibrous tissues that tether organs to one another or to the peritoneal wall and represent the major cause of postsurgical morbidity.Enterolysis at repeat surgeries induces adhesion reformation that is more difficult to prevent than primary adhesion.Here we studied the preventive effects of different approaches of berberine treatment for primary adhesion,and its effects on adhesion reformation compared to Interceed.We found the primary adhesion was remarkably prevented by berberine through intraperitoneal injection 30 min before abrasive surgery(pre-berberine)or direct addition into injured cecum immediately after the surgery(inter-berberine).Rats with adhesion reformation had a more deteriorative collagen accumulation and tissue injury in abrasive sites than rats with primary adhesion.The dysregulated TIMP-1/MMP balance was observed in patients after surgery,as well as adhesion tissues from primary adhesion or adhesion reformation rats.Inter-berberine treatment had a better effect for adhesion reformation prevention than Interceed.Berberine promoted the activation of MMP-3 and MMP-8 by directly blocking TIMP-1 activation core,which was reversed by TIMP-1 overexpression in fibroblasts.In conclusion,this study suggests berberine as a reasonable approach for preventing primary adhesion formation and adhesion reformation.

Non-contact and non-destructive in-situ inspection for CdSe quantum dot film based on the principle of field-induced photoluminescence quenching

CdSe quantum-dot(QD)film,as the core function layer,plays a key role in various optoelectronic devices.The thickness uniformity of QD films is one of the key factors to determine the overall photoelectric performance.Therefore,it is important to obtain the thickness distribution of large-area QD films.However,it is difficult for traditional methods to quickly get the information related to its thickness distribution without introducing additional damage.In this paper,a non-contact and non-destructive inspection method for in-situ detecting the thickness uniformity of CdSe QD film is proposed.The principle behind this in-situ inspection method is that the photoluminescence quenching phenomenon of the QD film would occur under a high electric field,and the degree of photoluminescence quenching is related to the thickness of the quantum dot films.Photoluminescence images of the same QD film without and with an electric field are recorded by a charge-coupled device camera,respectively.By transforming the brightness distribution of these two images,we can intuitively see the thickness information of the thin film array of QD.The proposed method provides a meaningful inspection for the manufacture of QD based lightemitting display.