Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic debilitating disease of huge economic importance due to loss in production, morbidity and mortality, and has a potential zoonotic threat. TB is endemic in India and has a worldwid...Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic debilitating disease of huge economic importance due to loss in production, morbidity and mortality, and has a potential zoonotic threat. TB is endemic in India and has a worldwide prevalence, therefore, needing early diagnostic technique for the eradication of TB globally. Currently, compared to the eradication programme of TB in Medical sector, Veterinary sector is lagging behind though TB is one of the major zoonotic diseases prevalent in dairy animals and wildlife in India. With the “End TB” strategy by WHO in human, parallel measures for early diagnosis and culling has to be followed in case of animals for an overall successful eradication programme. The objective of this study is diagnosis of TB in cattle and buffaloes by using the cell-mediated immune response tests, i.e. Comparative Intradermal Tuberculin Test (CITT) and Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) assay, and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) targeting esxB gene (CFP-10 protein) and to compare their diagnostic capabilities. This study was carried out in 202 dairy cattle and buffaloes from an organized dairy farm, where almost all of the animals appeared clinically healthy. We found that, the combined use of both CITT and IFN-γ assay lead to more accurate diagnosis of TB, although IFN-γ assay was more specific than CITT. However, esxB PCR showed almost similar sensitivity to IFN-γ assay and may be used as a fast alternative method for the diagnosis of bovine TB from blood samples.展开更多
Brucellosis is an important re-emerging zoonotic disease caused by Brucella organisms. In the absence of a Differentiation of Infected from Vaccinated Animal (DIVA) assay for bovine Brucellosis, it becomes difficult t...Brucellosis is an important re-emerging zoonotic disease caused by Brucella organisms. In the absence of a Differentiation of Infected from Vaccinated Animal (DIVA) assay for bovine Brucellosis, it becomes difficult to assess whether the anti-Brucella antibody response in an animal is due to vaccination or infection. We compared the anti-Brucella antibody titers of naturally Brucellosis affected unvaccinated cows, previously vaccinated infected cows, normal healthy vaccinated cows and healthy unvaccinated calves. The titers of anti-Brucella antibodies were estimated by indirect ELISA. The mean titer (log10) was found to be 1.518 ± 0.005 in case of naturally Brucellosis affected cattle which had been vaccinated during calf hood. The mean titer in case of naturally infected cattle which had never been vaccinated was 1.5441 ± 0.005. The mean titer in healthy unaffected cattle vaccinated during calf hood was 1.504 ± 0.002 and that of unvaccinated healthy calves was 0.560 ± 0.016. It was interesting to find that the antibody titers in naturally affected cattle which had never been vaccinated were very significantly (p < 0.01) higher than those of Brucellosis affected cows which had been vaccinated during calf hood. The titer in vaccinated infected cattle was very significantly (p < 0.01) higher than that of uninfected vaccinated cows.展开更多
文摘Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic debilitating disease of huge economic importance due to loss in production, morbidity and mortality, and has a potential zoonotic threat. TB is endemic in India and has a worldwide prevalence, therefore, needing early diagnostic technique for the eradication of TB globally. Currently, compared to the eradication programme of TB in Medical sector, Veterinary sector is lagging behind though TB is one of the major zoonotic diseases prevalent in dairy animals and wildlife in India. With the “End TB” strategy by WHO in human, parallel measures for early diagnosis and culling has to be followed in case of animals for an overall successful eradication programme. The objective of this study is diagnosis of TB in cattle and buffaloes by using the cell-mediated immune response tests, i.e. Comparative Intradermal Tuberculin Test (CITT) and Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) assay, and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) targeting esxB gene (CFP-10 protein) and to compare their diagnostic capabilities. This study was carried out in 202 dairy cattle and buffaloes from an organized dairy farm, where almost all of the animals appeared clinically healthy. We found that, the combined use of both CITT and IFN-γ assay lead to more accurate diagnosis of TB, although IFN-γ assay was more specific than CITT. However, esxB PCR showed almost similar sensitivity to IFN-γ assay and may be used as a fast alternative method for the diagnosis of bovine TB from blood samples.
文摘Brucellosis is an important re-emerging zoonotic disease caused by Brucella organisms. In the absence of a Differentiation of Infected from Vaccinated Animal (DIVA) assay for bovine Brucellosis, it becomes difficult to assess whether the anti-Brucella antibody response in an animal is due to vaccination or infection. We compared the anti-Brucella antibody titers of naturally Brucellosis affected unvaccinated cows, previously vaccinated infected cows, normal healthy vaccinated cows and healthy unvaccinated calves. The titers of anti-Brucella antibodies were estimated by indirect ELISA. The mean titer (log10) was found to be 1.518 ± 0.005 in case of naturally Brucellosis affected cattle which had been vaccinated during calf hood. The mean titer in case of naturally infected cattle which had never been vaccinated was 1.5441 ± 0.005. The mean titer in healthy unaffected cattle vaccinated during calf hood was 1.504 ± 0.002 and that of unvaccinated healthy calves was 0.560 ± 0.016. It was interesting to find that the antibody titers in naturally affected cattle which had never been vaccinated were very significantly (p < 0.01) higher than those of Brucellosis affected cows which had been vaccinated during calf hood. The titer in vaccinated infected cattle was very significantly (p < 0.01) higher than that of uninfected vaccinated cows.
