Biomass gasification technology:The state of the art overview

In the last decades the interest in the biomass gasification process has increased due to the growing attention to the use of sustainable energy. Biomass is a renewable energy source and represents a valid alternative to fossil fuels. Gasification is the thermochemical conversion of an organic material into a valuable gaseous product, called syngas, and a solid product, called char. The biomass gasification represents an efficient process for the production of power and heat and the production of hydrogen and second-generation biofuels.This paper deals with the state of the art biomass gasification technologies, evaluating advantages and disadvantages, the potential use of the syngas and the application of the biomass gasification. Syngas cleaning though fundamental to evaluate any gasification technology is not included in this paper since; in the authors＇ opinion, a dedicated review is necessary.

腐植酸吸附有机污染物研究进展

腐植酸具有很强的吸附阳离子和疏水性有机污染物的能力,是一种很有前途的水和废水处理绿色材料。阳离子化合物主要通过静电作用与腐植酸中去质子化的羟基结合。一些腐植酸官能团,如醌也可以通过形成共价键与芳香胺或类似的有机化合物结合。模型计算与实验研究结果表明,腐植酸与疏水性有机物之间的相互作用主要是π-π键、疏水效应和氢键。一些研究报告的结果显示:腐植酸吸附有机污染物的效率与其疏水性有关。本文综述了有机污染物与腐植酸溶液、腐植酸粉末以及吸附在诸如铝硅酸盐和磁性材料等颗粒上的腐植酸之间的相互作用,并简要地讨论了吸附过程的热力学和动力学模型,还指出一些文献中的主要错误。