Understanding how natural selection shapes unique traits in mammals is a central topic in evolutionary biology.The mammalian order Chiroptera(bats)is attractive for biologists as well as the general public due to thei...Understanding how natural selection shapes unique traits in mammals is a central topic in evolutionary biology.The mammalian order Chiroptera(bats)is attractive for biologists as well as the general public due to their specific traits of extraordinary immunity and inverted resting posture.However,genomic resources for bats that occupy key phylogenetic positions are not sufficient,which hinders comprehensive investigation of the molecular mechanisms underpinning the origin of specific traits in bats.Here,we sequenced the transcriptomes of 5 bats that are phylo-genetically divergent and occupy key positions in the phylogenetic tree of bats.In combination with the available genomes of 19 bats and 21 other mammals,we built a database consisting of 10918 one-to-one ortholog genes and reconstructed phylogenetic relationships of these mammals.We found that genes related to immunity,bone remodeling,and cardiovascular system are targets of natural selection along the ancestral branch of bats.Further analyses revealed that the T cell receptor signaling pathway involved in immune adaptation is specifically enriched in bats.Moreover,molecular adaptations of bone remodeling,cardiovascular system,and balance sensing may help to explain the reverted resting posture in bats.Our study provides valuable transcriptome resources,enabling us to tentatively identify genetic changes associated with bat-specific traits.This work is among thefirst to advance our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of inverted resting posture in bats,which could provide insight into healthcare applications such as hypertension in humans.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270436 and 32000385)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0702004)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2042022dx0003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(CCNU22LJ003)。
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31722051)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0702004)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2042021kf0217)to H.Z.
文摘Understanding how natural selection shapes unique traits in mammals is a central topic in evolutionary biology.The mammalian order Chiroptera(bats)is attractive for biologists as well as the general public due to their specific traits of extraordinary immunity and inverted resting posture.However,genomic resources for bats that occupy key phylogenetic positions are not sufficient,which hinders comprehensive investigation of the molecular mechanisms underpinning the origin of specific traits in bats.Here,we sequenced the transcriptomes of 5 bats that are phylo-genetically divergent and occupy key positions in the phylogenetic tree of bats.In combination with the available genomes of 19 bats and 21 other mammals,we built a database consisting of 10918 one-to-one ortholog genes and reconstructed phylogenetic relationships of these mammals.We found that genes related to immunity,bone remodeling,and cardiovascular system are targets of natural selection along the ancestral branch of bats.Further analyses revealed that the T cell receptor signaling pathway involved in immune adaptation is specifically enriched in bats.Moreover,molecular adaptations of bone remodeling,cardiovascular system,and balance sensing may help to explain the reverted resting posture in bats.Our study provides valuable transcriptome resources,enabling us to tentatively identify genetic changes associated with bat-specific traits.This work is among thefirst to advance our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of inverted resting posture in bats,which could provide insight into healthcare applications such as hypertension in humans.
