The Application of Access Management in Commercial Area

With the rapid development of automobile ownership and roadway network in China, there is more and more travel demand in the city of Beijing, China. Large commercial areas attract high volumes of traffic, which greatly impacts traffic movement on roadways, producing congestion and safety problems. What is more serious is that existing design of the parking lot, the location of access, layout of driveway, and passage of circulation are not desirable, causing potential conflicts and traffic delays. This paper mainly investigates the impact of the existing design of parking lot and layout of access and driveways at commercial areas around intersection in Beijing. The overall goal of this study is to use access management technologies to find out the measures for commercial area to improve roadway safety and operational efficiency. Some measures of improvements are proposed based on the analysis, including addition of right turn lanes, increase of driveway throat length and incorporation of traffic signs to guide on-site circulation. To accomplish the study objective, a total of 10 commercial areas around intersection were selected and some necessary data were collected at access points including traffic volume of each access and the frontage roadways during peak hours, access type, location, and spacing. The field investigations were conducted for 2 weekends for each area. Meanwhile, the peak hours were 10:00 to 12:00 a.m. on weekends. The data from field investigations show that the number and location of the access is different from place to place. Access driveway is closely located at the signalized intersection mostly. Other problems are also observed based on field investigation such as shortage of the access spacing. The result of this study can be a reference for traffic management on other similar areas in Beijing.

The tumor suppressor CYLD controls epithelial morphogenesis and homeostasis by regulating mitotic spindle behavior and adherens junction assembly

Epithelial morphogenesis and homeostasis are essential for animal development and tissue regeneration, and epithelial disorganization is associated with developmental disorders and tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the morphogenesis and homeostasis of the epithelium remain elusive. Herein, we report a novel role for the cylindromatosis （CYLD） tumor suppressor in these events. Our results show that CYLD depletion disrupts epithelial organization in both Drosophila egg chambers and mouse skin and intestinal epithelia. Microscopic analysis of proliferating cells in mouse epithelial tissues and cultured organoids reveals that loss of CYLD synergizes with tumor-promoting agents to cause the misorientation of the mitotic spindle. Mechanistic studies show that CYLD accu- mulates at the cell cortex in epithelial tissues and cultured ceils, where it promotes the formation of epithelial adherens junctions through the modulation of microtuhule dynamics. These data suggest that CYLD controls epithelial morphogenesis and homeostasis by modulating the assembly of adherens junctions and ensuring proper orientation of the mitotic spindle. Our findings thus provide novel insight into the role of CYLD in development, tissue homeostasis, and tumorigenesis.

Phosphoregulation of the dimerization and functions of end-binding protein 1

Dear Editor, End-binding protein 1 （EB1）, a member of microtubule plus- end tracking proteins （＋TIPs）, plays an important role in the regulation of microtubule dynamics and has been implicated in cancer development （Dong et al., 2010; Gouveia and Ak- hmanova, 2010; Wang et al., 2005）. However, it remains poorly understood how EB1 functions are regulated by phosphorylation in mammalian cells. To map the phosphory- lation pattern of EB1, we overexpressed GST-EB1 in HeLa cells and enriched GST-EB1 from cell lysates by GST pull- down. The pulldown preparations showed strong serine, threonine, and tyrosine phosphorylation signals in the immu- noblots （Fig. SlA）. GST-EB1 purified from cells was clearly visualized on the gel prior to in-gel digestion （Fig. S 1B）.