Study on Quality Standards of Jianjin Zhuanggu Paste

[Objectives]Some Chinese medicinal materials of Jianjin Zhuanggu Paste were microscopically identified,and several active ingredients were studied by thin-layer identification,which provides reference for further improving the quality standards of hospital preparations.[Methods]The effective components of Jianjin Zhuanggu Paste were qualitatively identified by thin-layer chromatography(TLC).[Results]The microscopic identification of the three Chinese medicinal materials in Jianjin Zhuanggu Paste showed the microscopic characteristics of Radix Codonopsis,Radix Astragali and Radix Notoginseng.TLC identification showed that there were characteristic spots of Radix Codonopsis,Radix Astragali,Radix Rehmanniae Preparata and Radix Notoginseng in Jianjin Zhuanggu Paste.[Conclusions]This study established the quality standard research method of Jianjin Zhuanggu Paste,which further strengthens the safety standards of hospital preparations,and improves the clinical efficacy of drugs,as well as the quality standards of hospital preparations to a certain extent.

诗情“化”意——诗词中的化学

从浪漫婉约的古诗词出发,和读者一起探索蕴藏在诗词里的化学知识,从靛蓝染料、酒和茶中的化学知识一步步展开全文,形象地讲述合成靛蓝的染色原理、酒香的检测和鉴定以及茶叶中的化学成分,旨在让读者对诗词中的化学知识有更多的了解,激发更多人对化学学习的兴趣,领略化学之美。

Research progress and prospect of low-carbon biological technology for nitrate removal in wastewater treatment

Wastewater treatment plants are the major energy consumers and significant sources of greenhouse gas emissions,among which biological nitrogen removal of wastewater is an important contributor to carbon emissions.However,traditional heterotrophic denitrification still has the problems of excessive residual sludge and the requirement of external carbon sources.Consequently,the development of innovative low-carbon nitrate removal technologies is necessary.This review outlines the key roles of sulfur autotrophic denitrification and hydrogen autotrophic denitrification in low-carbon wastewater treatment.The discovered nitrate/nitrite dependent anaerobic methane oxidation enables sustainable methane emission reduction and nitrogen removal by utilizing available methane in situ.Photosynthetic microorganisms exhibited a promising potential to achieve carbon-negative nitrate removal.Specifically,the algal-bacterial symbiosis system and photogranules offer effective and prospective low-carbon options for nitrogen removal.Then,the emerging nitrate removal technology of photoelectrotrophic denitrification and the underlying,photoelectron transfer mechanisms are discussed.Finally,we summarize and prospect these technologies,highlighting that solar-driven biological nitrogen removal technology is a promising area for future sustainable wastewater treatment.This review has important guiding significance for the design of low-carbon wastewater treatment systems.

复方党参颗粒制备工艺优化及4种成分的同时测定

本研究采用单因素试验和响应面法优化复方党参颗粒喷雾干燥工艺,获得最佳的喷雾干燥工艺参数;以成型率和吸湿率为指标考察辅料的配比用量;建立高效液相色谱(HPLC)法同时测定党参炔苷、阿魏酸、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、甘草苷的含量。当喷雾干燥的进风温度为145℃,进风速率为75%,进料速率为8%,助干剂为5%,喷雾干燥得粉率最高;辅料用量为糊精:糖粉为2:1时,颗粒成型率和吸湿率均较好,有效优化了复方党参颗粒的喷雾干燥工艺和辅料配比用量,为复方党参颗粒的生产制备提供参考;HPLC同时测定复方党参颗粒中党参炔苷、阿魏酸、甘草苷、毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷的含量分别为0.38 mg/g,0.22 mg/g,0.45 mg/g和0.25 mg/g,为复方党参颗粒质量控制方法的建立奠定基础。

Manganese-doped mesoporous polydopamine nanoagent for T1-T2 magnetic resonance imaging and tumor therapy

Theranostic nanodrugs combining magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and cancer therapy have attracted extensive interest in cancer diagnosis and treatment.Herein,a manganese(Mn)-doped mesoporous polydopamine(Mn-MPDA)nanodrug incorporating the nitric oxide(NO)prodrug BNN6 and immune agonist R848 was developed.The nanodrug responded to the H^(+)and glutathione being enriched in tumor microenvironment to release R848 and Mn^(2+).The abundant Mn^(2+)produced through a Fenton-like reaction enabled a highly sensitive T1-T2 dual-mode MRI for monitoring the tumor accumulation process of the nanodrug,based on which an MRI-guided laser irradiation was achieved to trigger the NO gas therapy.Meanwhile,R848 induced the re-polarization of tumor-promoting M2-like macrophage to a tumoricidal M1 phenotype.Consequently,a potent synergistic antitumor effect was realized in mice bearing subcutaneous 4T1 breast cancer,which manifested the great promise of this multifunctional nanoplatform in cancer treatment.

CeO_(2)C_(2)Nanoparticles with Oxygen-Enriched Vacancies In-site Self-embedded in Fe,N Co-doped Carbon Nanofibers as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Catalyst for Zn-Air Battery

Rational design of robust non-noble electrocatalysts with numerous oxygen vacancies and highly reactive activity for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)towards Zn-air batteries is extremely paramount yet challenging.Herein,a novel CeO_(2)C_(2)nanoparticles self-embedded in Fe,N co-doped carbon nanofibers(CeO_(2)C_(2)@Fe-N-C)heterostructure catalyst has been prepared by the in-site dual template assisted electrospinning technique and subsequent high temperature pyrolysis strategy.Thanks to the CeO_(2)C_(2)with oxygen-enriched vacancies and versatile Fe-N-C with rich reactive species and high conductivity,CeO_(2)C_(2)@Fe-N-C catalyst exhibits outstanding catalytic performance in the ORR process,and shows excellent methanol tolerance and cycle stability.In addition,CeO_(2)C_(2)@Fe-N-C delivers a nearly four-electron transfer process in the process of oxygen reduction catalysis,providing a fast-electrochemical kinetic rate,which makes it an efficient air cathode for the Zn-air battery.Importantly,the Zn-air battery fabricated with CeO_(2)C_(2)@Fe-N-C cathode achieves superior performance including large open-circuit voltage(1.5 V)and high specific capacity(780 mAh·g–1 at 10 mA·cm–2)together with superior reversibility and cycling stability,outperforming commercial Pt/C catalyst.The present work introduces a new strategy to design and develop highly active non-noble catalysts and highlights the synergy from heterostructure in oxygen electrocatalysis for advanced Zn-air batteries.

多元共治模式下企业参与荒漠化治理的理论逻辑、商业模式与经验启示

多元共治模式是荒漠化治理的重要途径。然而,荒漠化治理具有明显的外部性特征,企业在参与荒漠化治理时可能面临一定的经济风险和挑战。因此,本研究以库布其沙漠治理模式为案例,探究企业参与荒漠化治理的理论逻辑和商业模式,总结商业模式的经验和不足,对构建多元共治环境治理体系具有重要意义。生态产业化、环境政策的激励约束以及环境、社会责任和公司治理(ESG)策略的影响是企业参与荒漠化治理的理论依据;政府支持+企业拉动+农牧民参与是企业在荒漠化治理中形成的商业模式。尽管该商业模式对荒漠化治理具有明显的外部性效应,但模式推广存在局限,基于此提出对策建议。该研究为激活企业参与多元共治体系提供了新思路及“中国方案”。