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Monitoring of coral communities in the inner Gulf of Thailand influenced by the elevated seawater temperature and flooding 被引量:1
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作者 sittiporn pengsakun Thamasak Yeemin +3 位作者 Makamas Sutthacheep Watchara Samsuvan Wanlaya Klinthong Charernmee Chamchoy 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第1期102-111,共10页
There were two severe coral bleaching events at Ko Khang Khao, the inner Gulf of Thailand, occurred during the prolonged period of the elevated sea surface temperature(SST) in 2010 and low salinity as well as turbidit... There were two severe coral bleaching events at Ko Khang Khao, the inner Gulf of Thailand, occurred during the prolonged period of the elevated sea surface temperature(SST) in 2010 and low salinity as well as turbidity due to heavy flooding in 2011. The bleaching index(BI) and mortality index(MI) are calculated to compare the susceptibilities of coral species in the two bleaching events. The BI and MI vary significantly among the study sites and bleaching events. The most susceptible corals during both bleaching events are Acropora millepora,Pocillopora damicornis and Pavona decussate, while the most resistant species were Galaxea fascicularis, Fungia fungites, Pavona frondifera, Oulastrea crispate, and Symphyllia recta. The corals Favia favus, Goniopora columna,Platygyra pini, Symphyllia agaricia were relatively more tolerant to high SST but they are relatively more susceptible to low salinity. Coral bleaching is a phenomenon that the dissociation stress of the symbiotic relationship between zooxanthellae and their cnidarian host results in the reduction in photosynthetic pigment concentration. Among stressors, both prolonged exposure of high SST and low salinity, above and below their thresholds, respectively. The long-term resilience of coral communities at Ko Khang Khao and other coral communities close to the mouth of large rivers may depend on the frequency and duration of the exposure on the elevated SST due to atmospheric heating and low salinity due to river flooding. 展开更多
关键词 CORAL BLEACHING SALINITY temperature mortality FLOODING GULF of Thailand
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Diseases and compromised health states of massive Porites spp. in the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea
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作者 Watchara Samsuvan Thamasak Yeemin +3 位作者 Makamas Sutthacheep sittiporn pengsakun Juthamart Putthayakool Monthaphat Thummasan 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2019年第1期118-127,共10页
In this study, we assess coral health by detecting the severity of coral diseases and compromised health states on massive Porites. Field surveys are conducted at twenty-two sites covering the eastern, inner and weste... In this study, we assess coral health by detecting the severity of coral diseases and compromised health states on massive Porites. Field surveys are conducted at twenty-two sites covering the eastern, inner and western Gulf of Thailand as well as the Andaman Sea during 2010–2015. A total of nine coral diseases and signs of compromised health are observed in the waters of Thailand, consisting of pigmentation responses(pink lines, pink patches,pink spots and pink borers), white syndromes(white patches, white bands and ulcerative white spots), growth anomalies, and unusual bleaching patterns. The highest severity of all observed coral diseases and signs of compromised health are found at Ko Khang Khao in the inner Gulf of Thailand, while that observed in the Andaman Sea is relatively low. Composition of the diseases vary across the study sites. Four groups of study sites,in which there is an 80% similarity of diseases or signs of compromised health composition, are clustered and detected based on the Bray-Curtis similarity. The canonical analysis of principal coordinates reveal that most study sites in the Gulf of Thailand, especially the inner Gulf of Thailand, tend to show a high severity of the diseases. The association of disease severity and composition and the level of human impact are also detected.The study sites located near the shores and/or the areas with intensive tourism tend to have higher human impact, especially on poor water quality, which may be linked to the higher severity and composition of coral diseases and signs of compromised health in the Gulf of Thailand. Fish bites are also observed in many study sites.The severity of fish bites in the Gulf of Thailand is much lower compared to the Andaman Sea. Ko Rawi exhibits the highest severity, following by Ko Surin Nua and Ko Butang. The study sites within marine national park boundaries have a significantly higher severity of fish bites than those outside of the marine national park boundaries. This study suggests that higher coral diseases and signs of compromised health severity might be linked to anthropogenic disturbances on coral communities in the waters of Thailand. 展开更多
关键词 CORAL DISEASES fish BITES MASSIVE PORITES management GULF of Thailand Andaman Sea
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