Landslides are serious geohazards that occur under a variety of climatic conditions and can cause many casualties and significant economic losses.Centrifuge modelling,as a representative type of physical modelling,pro...Landslides are serious geohazards that occur under a variety of climatic conditions and can cause many casualties and significant economic losses.Centrifuge modelling,as a representative type of physical modelling,provides a realistic simulation of the stress level in a small-scale model and has been applied over the last 50 years to develop a better understanding of landslides.With recent developments in this technology,the application of centrifuge modelling in landslide science has significantly increased.Here,we present an overview of physical models that can capture landslide processes during centrifuge modelling.This review focuses on(i)the experimental principles and considerations,(ii)landslide models subjected to various triggering factors,including centrifugal acceleration,rainfall,earthquakes,water level changes,thawing permafrost,excavation,external loading and miscellaneous conditions,and(iii)different methods for mitigating landslides modelled in centrifuge,such as the application of nails,piles,geotextiles,vegetation,etc.The behaviors of all the centrifuge models are discussed,with emphasis on the deformation and failure mechanisms and experimental techniques.Based on this review,we provide a best-practice methodology for preparing a centrifuge landslide test and propose further efforts in terms of the seven aspects of model materials,testing design and equipment,measurement methods,scaling laws,full-scale test applications,landslide early warning,and 3D modelling to better understand the complex behaviour of landslides.展开更多
基金National Major Scientific Instruments and Equipment Development Projects of China(Grant No.41827808)Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42090055)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant.No.2017YFC1501305)Development Program of Hubei Province of China(Grant No,2020BCB079).
文摘Landslides are serious geohazards that occur under a variety of climatic conditions and can cause many casualties and significant economic losses.Centrifuge modelling,as a representative type of physical modelling,provides a realistic simulation of the stress level in a small-scale model and has been applied over the last 50 years to develop a better understanding of landslides.With recent developments in this technology,the application of centrifuge modelling in landslide science has significantly increased.Here,we present an overview of physical models that can capture landslide processes during centrifuge modelling.This review focuses on(i)the experimental principles and considerations,(ii)landslide models subjected to various triggering factors,including centrifugal acceleration,rainfall,earthquakes,water level changes,thawing permafrost,excavation,external loading and miscellaneous conditions,and(iii)different methods for mitigating landslides modelled in centrifuge,such as the application of nails,piles,geotextiles,vegetation,etc.The behaviors of all the centrifuge models are discussed,with emphasis on the deformation and failure mechanisms and experimental techniques.Based on this review,we provide a best-practice methodology for preparing a centrifuge landslide test and propose further efforts in terms of the seven aspects of model materials,testing design and equipment,measurement methods,scaling laws,full-scale test applications,landslide early warning,and 3D modelling to better understand the complex behaviour of landslides.
