Demyelination and remyelination have been major focal points in the study of peripheral nerve regeneration following peripheral nerve injury.Notably,the gene regulatory network of regenerated myelin differs from that ...Demyelination and remyelination have been major focal points in the study of peripheral nerve regeneration following peripheral nerve injury.Notably,the gene regulatory network of regenerated myelin differs from that of native myelin.Silencing of enhancer of zeste homolog 2(EZH2)hinders the differentiation,maturation,and myelination of Schwann cells in vitro.To further determine the role of EZH2 in myelination and recovery post-peripheral nerve injury,conditional knockout mice lacking Ezh2 in Schwann cells(Ezh2^(fl/fl);Dhh-Cre and Ezh2^(fl/fl);Mpz-Cre)were generated.Our results show that a significant proportion of axons in the sciatic nerve of Ezh2-depleted mice remain unmyelinated.This highlights the crucial role of Ezh2 in initiating Schwann cell myelination.Furthermore,we observed that 21 days after inducing a sciatic nerve crush injury in these mice,most axons had remyelinated at the injury site in the control nerve,while Ezh2^(fl/fl);Mpz-Cre mice had significantly fewer remyelinated axons compared with their wild-type littermates.This suggests that the absence of Ezh2 in Schwann cells impairs myelin formation and remyelination.In conclusion,EZH2 has emerged as a pivotal regulatory factor in the process of demyelination and myelin regeneration following peripheral nerve injury.Modulating EZH2 activity during these processes may offer a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries.展开更多
Materials for deep-ultraviolet(DUV)light emission are extremely rare,significantly limiting the development of efficient DUV light-emitting diodes.Here we report CsMg(I_(1−x)Br_(x))_(3) alloys as potential DUV light e...Materials for deep-ultraviolet(DUV)light emission are extremely rare,significantly limiting the development of efficient DUV light-emitting diodes.Here we report CsMg(I_(1−x)Br_(x))_(3) alloys as potential DUV light emitters.Based on rigorous first-principles hybrid functional calculations,we find that CsMgI_(3) has an indirect bandgap,while CsMgBr_(3) has a direct bandgap.Further,we employ a band unfolding technique for alloy supercell calculations to investigate the critical Br concentration in CsMg(I_(1−x)Br_(x))_(3) associated with the crossover from an indirect to a direct bandgap,which is found to be∼0.36.Thus,CsMg(I_(1−x)Br_(x))_(3) alloys with 0.366≤6≤1 cover a wide range of direct bandgap(4.38–5.37 eV;284–231 nm),falling well into the DUV regime.Our study will guide the development of efficient DUV light emitters.展开更多
In this study,one new species of the leaf-beetle genus Sphenoraia Clark,1836(Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae:Galerucinae)is described from the Haizhu Wetland,Guangzhou,China:Sphenoraia(Sphenoraioides)haizhuensis Yang sp.nov....In this study,one new species of the leaf-beetle genus Sphenoraia Clark,1836(Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae:Galerucinae)is described from the Haizhu Wetland,Guangzhou,China:Sphenoraia(Sphenoraioides)haizhuensis Yang sp.nov.A key to the 12 Chinese species of Sphenoraia as well as photographs of the habitus and aedeagus of the new species and its related species are given.展开更多
A convolutional neural network is employed to retrieve the time-domain envelop and phase of few-cycle femtosecond pulses from transient-grating frequency-resolved optical gating(TG-FROG) traces.We use theoretically ge...A convolutional neural network is employed to retrieve the time-domain envelop and phase of few-cycle femtosecond pulses from transient-grating frequency-resolved optical gating(TG-FROG) traces.We use theoretically generated TGFROG traces to complete supervised trainings of the convolutional neural networks,then use similarly generated traces not included in the training dataset to test how well the networks are trained.Accurate retrieval of such traces by the neural network is realized.In our case,we find that networks with exponential linear unit(ELU) activation function perform better than those with leaky rectified linear unit(LRELU) and scaled exponential linear unit(SELU).Finally,the issues that need to be addressed for the retrieval of experimental data by this method are discussed.展开更多
Phosphate ions promoted Cu-SAPO-34(P-Cu-SAPO-34)were prepared using bulk CuO particles as Cu^(2+)precursor by a solid-state ion exchange technique for the selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x) with NH_3(NH_3-SCR).Th...Phosphate ions promoted Cu-SAPO-34(P-Cu-SAPO-34)were prepared using bulk CuO particles as Cu^(2+)precursor by a solid-state ion exchange technique for the selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x) with NH_3(NH_3-SCR).The effects of high temperature(H-T)hydrothermal aging on the NO_(x) removal(de-NO_(x))performance of Cu-SAPO-34 with and without phosphate ions were systematically investigated at atomic level.The results displayed that both Cu-SAPO-34 and P-Cu-SAPO-34 presented relatively poor NO_(x) removal activity with a low conversion(<30%)at 250-500℃.However,after H-T hydrothermal treatment(800℃ for 10 hr at 10%H_2O),these two samples showed significantly satisfied NO_(x) elimination performance with a quite high conversion(70%-90%)at 250-500℃.Additionally,phosphate ions decoration can further enhance the catalytic performance of Cu-SAPO-34 after hydrothermal treatment(Cu-SAPO-34H).The textural properties,morphologies,structural feature,acidity,redox characteristic,and surface-active species of the fresh and hydrothermally aged samples were analyzed using various characterization methods.The systematical characterization results revealed that increases of 28%of the isolated Cu^(2+)active species(Cu^(2+)-2Z,Cu(OH)^(+)-Z)mainly from bulk CuO and 50%of the Bronsted acid sites,the high dispersion of isolated Cu^(2+)active component as well as the Bronsted acid sites were mainly responsible for the accepted catalytic activity of these two hydrothermally aged samples,especially for P-Cu-SAPO-34H.展开更多
China’s“three-child policy”,implemented in response to population aging,has made the protection of maternal and infant health an urgent priority.In this environmental and medical big-data era,the Zhejiang Environme...China’s“three-child policy”,implemented in response to population aging,has made the protection of maternal and infant health an urgent priority.In this environmental and medical big-data era,the Zhejiang Environmental and Birth Health Research Alliance(ZEBRA)maternity cohort was established with the aim of identifying risk factors for perinatal morbidity and mortality from the perspectives of both observational epidemiology and experimental etiology.Compared with conventional birth cohorts,the inclusion of a maternity cohort allows greater scope for research and places an emphasis on maternal health.In particular,it allows us to focus on pregnant women with a history of pregnancy-related illnesses and those planning to have a second or third child.There are currently many pressing issues in perinatal health,including the risk associations between exogenous together with endogenous factors and the occurrence of perinatal abnormalities,pregnancy complications,and adverse pregnancy outcomes.It is crucial to explore the interaction between environmental exposures and genetic factors affecting perinatal health if we are to improve it.It is also worthwhile to assess the feasibility of the early stage prediction of major perinatal abnormalities.We hope to study this in the ZEBRA cohort and also seek nationwide and international collaborations to establish a multicenter cohort consortium,with the ultimate goal of contributing epidemiological evidence to literature and providing evidence-based insights for global maternal and child healthcare.展开更多
ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES Before the advent ofmodern medicine,childbirth carried extremely high risk of mortality,both maternal and perinatal(the period beginning at the 20–28th week of gestation and ending at 1–4...ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES Before the advent ofmodern medicine,childbirth carried extremely high risk of mortality,both maternal and perinatal(the period beginning at the 20–28th week of gestation and ending at 1–4 weeks after delivery).Fortunately,with advances in prenatal healthcare,the prevalence of maternal and perinatal mortalities has significantly reduced.A press conference held on May 30,2022,by the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China,reviewed the major progress and achievements in Chinese maternal and child health over the past decade.It highlighted that the maternal mortality rate dropped to 161 per million in 2021,the lowest level in recorded history.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82172104(to CX),81873767(to HZ)a grant from Jiangsu Provincial Research Hospital,Nos.YJXYY202204(to HZ),YJXYY202204-ZD04(to HZ)+5 种基金a grant from Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical CenterJiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center,No.CXZX202212Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline,No.ZDXK202240the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)Technology Project of Nantong,No.MS22022008(to HZ)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,No.SJCX21_1457(to WW)。
文摘Demyelination and remyelination have been major focal points in the study of peripheral nerve regeneration following peripheral nerve injury.Notably,the gene regulatory network of regenerated myelin differs from that of native myelin.Silencing of enhancer of zeste homolog 2(EZH2)hinders the differentiation,maturation,and myelination of Schwann cells in vitro.To further determine the role of EZH2 in myelination and recovery post-peripheral nerve injury,conditional knockout mice lacking Ezh2 in Schwann cells(Ezh2^(fl/fl);Dhh-Cre and Ezh2^(fl/fl);Mpz-Cre)were generated.Our results show that a significant proportion of axons in the sciatic nerve of Ezh2-depleted mice remain unmyelinated.This highlights the crucial role of Ezh2 in initiating Schwann cell myelination.Furthermore,we observed that 21 days after inducing a sciatic nerve crush injury in these mice,most axons had remyelinated at the injury site in the control nerve,while Ezh2^(fl/fl);Mpz-Cre mice had significantly fewer remyelinated axons compared with their wild-type littermates.This suggests that the absence of Ezh2 in Schwann cells impairs myelin formation and remyelination.In conclusion,EZH2 has emerged as a pivotal regulatory factor in the process of demyelination and myelin regeneration following peripheral nerve injury.Modulating EZH2 activity during these processes may offer a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52172136,12088101,11991060,and U2230402)。
文摘Materials for deep-ultraviolet(DUV)light emission are extremely rare,significantly limiting the development of efficient DUV light-emitting diodes.Here we report CsMg(I_(1−x)Br_(x))_(3) alloys as potential DUV light emitters.Based on rigorous first-principles hybrid functional calculations,we find that CsMgI_(3) has an indirect bandgap,while CsMgBr_(3) has a direct bandgap.Further,we employ a band unfolding technique for alloy supercell calculations to investigate the critical Br concentration in CsMg(I_(1−x)Br_(x))_(3) associated with the crossover from an indirect to a direct bandgap,which is found to be∼0.36.Thus,CsMg(I_(1−x)Br_(x))_(3) alloys with 0.366≤6≤1 cover a wide range of direct bandgap(4.38–5.37 eV;284–231 nm),falling well into the DUV regime.Our study will guide the development of efficient DUV light emitters.
基金supported by the GDAS Special Project of Science and Technology Development(2020GDASYL-20200301003,2021GDASYL-20210103049,2020GDASYL-20200102021)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(3010300101,30970393,J1210002)the Biological Resources Program,Chinese Academy of Sciences(KFJ-BRP-017-26)。
文摘In this study,one new species of the leaf-beetle genus Sphenoraia Clark,1836(Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae:Galerucinae)is described from the Haizhu Wetland,Guangzhou,China:Sphenoraia(Sphenoraioides)haizhuensis Yang sp.nov.A key to the 12 Chinese species of Sphenoraia as well as photographs of the habitus and aedeagus of the new species and its related species are given.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFB0405202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61690221,91850209,and 11774277)。
文摘A convolutional neural network is employed to retrieve the time-domain envelop and phase of few-cycle femtosecond pulses from transient-grating frequency-resolved optical gating(TG-FROG) traces.We use theoretically generated TGFROG traces to complete supervised trainings of the convolutional neural networks,then use similarly generated traces not included in the training dataset to test how well the networks are trained.Accurate retrieval of such traces by the neural network is realized.In our case,we find that networks with exponential linear unit(ELU) activation function perform better than those with leaky rectified linear unit(LRELU) and scaled exponential linear unit(SELU).Finally,the issues that need to be addressed for the retrieval of experimental data by this method are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.NSFC22166020)。
文摘Phosphate ions promoted Cu-SAPO-34(P-Cu-SAPO-34)were prepared using bulk CuO particles as Cu^(2+)precursor by a solid-state ion exchange technique for the selective catalytic reduction of NO_(x) with NH_3(NH_3-SCR).The effects of high temperature(H-T)hydrothermal aging on the NO_(x) removal(de-NO_(x))performance of Cu-SAPO-34 with and without phosphate ions were systematically investigated at atomic level.The results displayed that both Cu-SAPO-34 and P-Cu-SAPO-34 presented relatively poor NO_(x) removal activity with a low conversion(<30%)at 250-500℃.However,after H-T hydrothermal treatment(800℃ for 10 hr at 10%H_2O),these two samples showed significantly satisfied NO_(x) elimination performance with a quite high conversion(70%-90%)at 250-500℃.Additionally,phosphate ions decoration can further enhance the catalytic performance of Cu-SAPO-34 after hydrothermal treatment(Cu-SAPO-34H).The textural properties,morphologies,structural feature,acidity,redox characteristic,and surface-active species of the fresh and hydrothermally aged samples were analyzed using various characterization methods.The systematical characterization results revealed that increases of 28%of the isolated Cu^(2+)active species(Cu^(2+)-2Z,Cu(OH)^(+)-Z)mainly from bulk CuO and 50%of the Bronsted acid sites,the high dispersion of isolated Cu^(2+)active component as well as the Bronsted acid sites were mainly responsible for the accepted catalytic activity of these two hydrothermally aged samples,especially for P-Cu-SAPO-34H.
基金funding from various sources,including the Zhejiang Province Health Innovative Talent Project(A0466)the International Cooperation Seed Program of Women’s Hospital,Zhejiang University(GH2022B008-01 and GH2024005)+3 种基金the Australian Research Council(DP210102076)the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council(APP2000581)the UK Research and Innovation(UKRI)Centre for Application of Artificial Intelligence to the Study of Environmental Risks(AI4ER,EP/S022961/1)the Start-up Grant from Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine,National University of Singapore(NUHSRO/2024/045/Startup/06),and the US-China Fulbright Program.
文摘China’s“three-child policy”,implemented in response to population aging,has made the protection of maternal and infant health an urgent priority.In this environmental and medical big-data era,the Zhejiang Environmental and Birth Health Research Alliance(ZEBRA)maternity cohort was established with the aim of identifying risk factors for perinatal morbidity and mortality from the perspectives of both observational epidemiology and experimental etiology.Compared with conventional birth cohorts,the inclusion of a maternity cohort allows greater scope for research and places an emphasis on maternal health.In particular,it allows us to focus on pregnant women with a history of pregnancy-related illnesses and those planning to have a second or third child.There are currently many pressing issues in perinatal health,including the risk associations between exogenous together with endogenous factors and the occurrence of perinatal abnormalities,pregnancy complications,and adverse pregnancy outcomes.It is crucial to explore the interaction between environmental exposures and genetic factors affecting perinatal health if we are to improve it.It is also worthwhile to assess the feasibility of the early stage prediction of major perinatal abnormalities.We hope to study this in the ZEBRA cohort and also seek nationwide and international collaborations to establish a multicenter cohort consortium,with the ultimate goal of contributing epidemiological evidence to literature and providing evidence-based insights for global maternal and child healthcare.
基金supports in the establishment of ZEBRA.Research receives funding from Zhejiang Province Health Innovative Talent Project(A0466)and International Cooperation Seed ProgramofWomen’s Hospital,Zhejiang University(GH2022B008-01).
文摘ACHIEVEMENTS AND CHALLENGES Before the advent ofmodern medicine,childbirth carried extremely high risk of mortality,both maternal and perinatal(the period beginning at the 20–28th week of gestation and ending at 1–4 weeks after delivery).Fortunately,with advances in prenatal healthcare,the prevalence of maternal and perinatal mortalities has significantly reduced.A press conference held on May 30,2022,by the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China,reviewed the major progress and achievements in Chinese maternal and child health over the past decade.It highlighted that the maternal mortality rate dropped to 161 per million in 2021,the lowest level in recorded history.
