Background:Malignant intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm(IPMN)has poor prognosis.The carcinogenesis of IPMN is not clear.The aim of this study was to clarify transitions in phosphorylated Smad3 signaling during IP...Background:Malignant intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm(IPMN)has poor prognosis.The carcinogenesis of IPMN is not clear.The aim of this study was to clarify transitions in phosphorylated Smad3 signaling during IPMN carcinogenesis.Methods:By using immunohistochemistry,we examined the expression of pSmad3C and pSmad3L from 51 IPMN surgical specimens resected at our institution between 2010 and 2013.We also examined the expression of Ki-67,c-Myc and p-JNK.Results:The median immunostaining index of pSmad3C was 79.2%in low-grade dysplasia,74.9%in highgrade dysplasia,and 42.0%in invasive carcinoma(P<0.01),whereas that of pSmad3L was 3.4%,4.3%,and 42.4%,respectively(P<0.01).There was a negative relationship between the expression of pSmad3C and c-Myc(P<0.001,r=-0.615)and a positive relationship between the expression of pSmad3L and c-Myc(P<0.001,r=0.696).Negative relationship between the expression of pSmad3C and Ki-67(P<0.01,r=-0.610)and positive relationship between the expression of pSmad3L and Ki-67(P<0.01,r=0.731)were confirmed.p-JNK-positive cells were frequently observed among pSmad3L-positive cancer cells.The median of pSmad3L/pSmad3C ratio in the non-recurrence group and the recurrence group were 0.58(range,0.05–0.93),3.83(range,0.85–5.96),respectively(P=0.02).The median immunostaining index of c-Myc in the non-recurrence group and the recurrence group were 2.91(range,0–36.9)and 82.1(range,46.2–97.1),respectively(P=0.02).The median immunostaining index of Ki-67 in the non-recurrence group and the recurrence group were 12.9(range 5.7–30.8)and 90.9(range 52.9–98.5),respectively(P=0.02).Conclusions:pSmad3L was upregulated in malignant IPMN.pSmad3L/pSmad3C ratio may be a useful prognostic factor in IPMN.展开更多
Objective:No ideal training system exists for pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD).We developed an educational system that uses an objective structured assessment of technical skills.Methods:This retrospective observational st...Objective:No ideal training system exists for pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD).We developed an educational system that uses an objective structured assessment of technical skills.Methods:This retrospective observational study was conducted using the data of consecutive trainees and patients who underwent PD from 2007 to 2013 in Kansai Medical University Hospital.The total score on the task checklist(21 parameters)for measuring technical performance during PD by self assessment and instructor assessment was compared between junior(JN)and hepatobiliary pancreatic(HBP)trainees at a university hospital.Surgical outcomes of 303 PDs(2007-2013)were also compared among JN trainees,HBP trainees,and instructors,and the present position of the trainees was investigated.This study was approved by the institutional review board of Kansai Medical University on May 26,2020.Results:The self-assessment score on the task checklist was significantly higher for the HBP trainees than for the JN trainees on all parts of PD(P<.001).The discrepancy between self-assessment and instructor assessment improved in 3 JN trainees after experience with the first 5 PDs.Although total score curves rose to the right in the JN group,scores in the HBP group were stable,at 70 or higher,which correlated with the instructor assessment.The 90-day and 30-day mortality rates were 1.6%and 0.3%,respectively.Mortality and morbidity after PD did not differ between the JN and HBP trainees or between the instructors and the trainees.Four of 10 trainees became board-certified expert surgeons of the Japanese Society of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery.Conclusion:These results indicated good construct validity of the task checklist system.This program was safely and effectively implemented in terms of surgical outcomes and final outcomes of trainees becoming board-certified expert surgeons.展开更多
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)continues to have a dismal prognosis,with a 5-year survival rate of<5%.Most(70%-80%)patients are classified as unresectable(UR)disease.Recent progress in chemotherapeutic appro...Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)continues to have a dismal prognosis,with a 5-year survival rate of<5%.Most(70%-80%)patients are classified as unresectable(UR)disease.Recent progress in chemotherapeutic approaches has provided a high response rate and improved short-term survival.Recently,conversion surgery(CS),which is defined as an additional surgery during multimodal therapy in patients with initially UR-PDAC who respond favorably to anti-cancer treatments,has been successfully introduced as a novel treatment option for locally advanced(UR-LA)and metastatic(UR-M)PDAC.Several studies have demonstrated high resectability rates(UR-LA,20%-57%;UR-M,2%-24%),high margin-negative resection rates(27%-91%),and high negative lymph node rates(29%-83%)in patients who underwent CS.Most studies also demonstrated acceptable mortality and morbidity.Median survival time(MST)varied between 24.9 and 35.3 months for patients with UR-LA,19.5 and 64 months for UR-LA/M,and 26 and 56 months for UR-M,which is better than the MST of patients who did not undergo CS.The presence of M disease did not affect survival in patients who underwent CS.However,the actual clinical benefits of resection have not yet been fully investigated.There are still several issues to be resolved in this area.Therefore,sustained efforts to conduct appropriately designed clinical trials for confirming the efficacy of CS in the subset of patients with initially UR-PDAC are warranted.展开更多
基金the Ethics Committee of the Kansai Medical University(No.H151047).
文摘Background:Malignant intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm(IPMN)has poor prognosis.The carcinogenesis of IPMN is not clear.The aim of this study was to clarify transitions in phosphorylated Smad3 signaling during IPMN carcinogenesis.Methods:By using immunohistochemistry,we examined the expression of pSmad3C and pSmad3L from 51 IPMN surgical specimens resected at our institution between 2010 and 2013.We also examined the expression of Ki-67,c-Myc and p-JNK.Results:The median immunostaining index of pSmad3C was 79.2%in low-grade dysplasia,74.9%in highgrade dysplasia,and 42.0%in invasive carcinoma(P<0.01),whereas that of pSmad3L was 3.4%,4.3%,and 42.4%,respectively(P<0.01).There was a negative relationship between the expression of pSmad3C and c-Myc(P<0.001,r=-0.615)and a positive relationship between the expression of pSmad3L and c-Myc(P<0.001,r=0.696).Negative relationship between the expression of pSmad3C and Ki-67(P<0.01,r=-0.610)and positive relationship between the expression of pSmad3L and Ki-67(P<0.01,r=0.731)were confirmed.p-JNK-positive cells were frequently observed among pSmad3L-positive cancer cells.The median of pSmad3L/pSmad3C ratio in the non-recurrence group and the recurrence group were 0.58(range,0.05–0.93),3.83(range,0.85–5.96),respectively(P=0.02).The median immunostaining index of c-Myc in the non-recurrence group and the recurrence group were 2.91(range,0–36.9)and 82.1(range,46.2–97.1),respectively(P=0.02).The median immunostaining index of Ki-67 in the non-recurrence group and the recurrence group were 12.9(range 5.7–30.8)and 90.9(range 52.9–98.5),respectively(P=0.02).Conclusions:pSmad3L was upregulated in malignant IPMN.pSmad3L/pSmad3C ratio may be a useful prognostic factor in IPMN.
文摘Objective:No ideal training system exists for pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD).We developed an educational system that uses an objective structured assessment of technical skills.Methods:This retrospective observational study was conducted using the data of consecutive trainees and patients who underwent PD from 2007 to 2013 in Kansai Medical University Hospital.The total score on the task checklist(21 parameters)for measuring technical performance during PD by self assessment and instructor assessment was compared between junior(JN)and hepatobiliary pancreatic(HBP)trainees at a university hospital.Surgical outcomes of 303 PDs(2007-2013)were also compared among JN trainees,HBP trainees,and instructors,and the present position of the trainees was investigated.This study was approved by the institutional review board of Kansai Medical University on May 26,2020.Results:The self-assessment score on the task checklist was significantly higher for the HBP trainees than for the JN trainees on all parts of PD(P<.001).The discrepancy between self-assessment and instructor assessment improved in 3 JN trainees after experience with the first 5 PDs.Although total score curves rose to the right in the JN group,scores in the HBP group were stable,at 70 or higher,which correlated with the instructor assessment.The 90-day and 30-day mortality rates were 1.6%and 0.3%,respectively.Mortality and morbidity after PD did not differ between the JN and HBP trainees or between the instructors and the trainees.Four of 10 trainees became board-certified expert surgeons of the Japanese Society of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery.Conclusion:These results indicated good construct validity of the task checklist system.This program was safely and effectively implemented in terms of surgical outcomes and final outcomes of trainees becoming board-certified expert surgeons.
文摘Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)continues to have a dismal prognosis,with a 5-year survival rate of<5%.Most(70%-80%)patients are classified as unresectable(UR)disease.Recent progress in chemotherapeutic approaches has provided a high response rate and improved short-term survival.Recently,conversion surgery(CS),which is defined as an additional surgery during multimodal therapy in patients with initially UR-PDAC who respond favorably to anti-cancer treatments,has been successfully introduced as a novel treatment option for locally advanced(UR-LA)and metastatic(UR-M)PDAC.Several studies have demonstrated high resectability rates(UR-LA,20%-57%;UR-M,2%-24%),high margin-negative resection rates(27%-91%),and high negative lymph node rates(29%-83%)in patients who underwent CS.Most studies also demonstrated acceptable mortality and morbidity.Median survival time(MST)varied between 24.9 and 35.3 months for patients with UR-LA,19.5 and 64 months for UR-LA/M,and 26 and 56 months for UR-M,which is better than the MST of patients who did not undergo CS.The presence of M disease did not affect survival in patients who underwent CS.However,the actual clinical benefits of resection have not yet been fully investigated.There are still several issues to be resolved in this area.Therefore,sustained efforts to conduct appropriately designed clinical trials for confirming the efficacy of CS in the subset of patients with initially UR-PDAC are warranted.