This paper presents a method for analysis of stress and strain of gas pipelines under the effect of horizontal catastrophic landslides. A soil spring model was used to analyze the nonlinear characteristics concerning ...This paper presents a method for analysis of stress and strain of gas pipelines under the effect of horizontal catastrophic landslides. A soil spring model was used to analyze the nonlinear characteristics concerning the mutual effects between the pipeline and the soil. The Ramberg–Osgood model was used to describe the constitutive relations of pipeline materials. This paper also constructed a finite element analysis model using ABAQUS finite element software and studied the distribution of the maximum stress and strain of the pipeline and the axial stress and strain along the pipeline by referencing some typical accident cases. The calculation results indicated that the maximum stress and strain increased gradually with the displacement of landslide.The limit values of pipeline axial stress strain appeared at the junction of the landslide area and non-landslide area. The stress failure criterion was relatively more conservative than the strain failure criterion. The research results of this paper may be used as a technical reference concerning the design and safety management of large-diameter gas pipelines under the effects of catastrophic landslides.展开更多
Objective:The Huanghuai(HH),which is made from the dried roots of Scutellaria baicalensis(Huangqin in Chinese) and the dried flowers and buds of Sophora japonica(Huaihua in Chinese),is a traditional Chinese formula us...Objective:The Huanghuai(HH),which is made from the dried roots of Scutellaria baicalensis(Huangqin in Chinese) and the dried flowers and buds of Sophora japonica(Huaihua in Chinese),is a traditional Chinese formula used to treat dysfunctional uterine bleeding(DUB)(Benglou in Chinese) and proven to treat hemostasis effectively in our previous study.Network pharmacology and molecule docking were performed to study the underlying mechanism of Huanghuai(HH),and pharmacodynamic experiments were conducted to verify its curative effect.Methods:TCMSP,UniProt,GeneCards,STRING,DAVID databases,and Cytoscape 3.7.2 were utilized for the construction of a compound-target-pathway network.Docking the potential effective components with potential targets.The HPLC analysis of the potential effective components was performed.In vivo,the hot plate test model was used to study the analgesic activity,the egg white was used to study the swollen reaction in the sole in mice,and the hemostasis effect was studied by the capillary method,tail-breaking method and abortion uterus test.Results:The results showed that six compounds(acacetin,beta-sitosterol,wogonin,baicalein,kaempferol and quercetin) and four potential targets(PTGS2,AKT1,TP53 and TNF) in the compound-targetpathway network were the potential material basis for HH to treat DUB.It can be seen that the binding energy of the acacetin,wogonin,baicalein,beta-sitosterol,kaempferol and quercetin in HH docked with the receptor proteins PTGS2,AKT1,TP53,and TNF were far less than-5.0 kJ/mol,which means the molecules have low conformational energy,stable structure and high binding activity.And the result of HPLC analysis showed that acacetin,wogonin,baicalein,kaempferol and quercetin were the potential effective components of the hemostasis mechanism of HH,beta-sitosterol was removed due to low content.In vivo testing of the potential effective components,it revealed that the group of potential effective components identified by HPLC could increase the pain threshold,inhibit the swelling hind paws of mice induced by egg white,reduce the bleeding time and clotting time,reduce uterine bleeding,decrease the uterine weight,increase the content of Ca and ET-1,and reduce the content of NO in uterine homogenate tissue,and decrease of E_(2) and P content in uterine serum in aborted rats,whose efficacy was equal to HH.Conclusion:The results indicated that HH and potential active ingredient groups obtained from network pharmacology can treat DUB and play a hemostatic effect.The results obtained by network pharmacology have certain reliability.This study provides new indications for further mechanism research of HH on DUB and the development of HH or its components as an alternative therapy for patients with DUB.At the same time,the application of network pharmacology strategy may provide a powerful tool for exploring the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine and discovering new biologically active ingredients.展开更多
基金funded by the National Science and Technology Support Program (2015BAK16B02 and 2015BAK16B01)the Fundamental Research Funds of China Academy of Safety Science and Technology
文摘This paper presents a method for analysis of stress and strain of gas pipelines under the effect of horizontal catastrophic landslides. A soil spring model was used to analyze the nonlinear characteristics concerning the mutual effects between the pipeline and the soil. The Ramberg–Osgood model was used to describe the constitutive relations of pipeline materials. This paper also constructed a finite element analysis model using ABAQUS finite element software and studied the distribution of the maximum stress and strain of the pipeline and the axial stress and strain along the pipeline by referencing some typical accident cases. The calculation results indicated that the maximum stress and strain increased gradually with the displacement of landslide.The limit values of pipeline axial stress strain appeared at the junction of the landslide area and non-landslide area. The stress failure criterion was relatively more conservative than the strain failure criterion. The research results of this paper may be used as a technical reference concerning the design and safety management of large-diameter gas pipelines under the effects of catastrophic landslides.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China (No.2017YFC1701900)。
文摘Objective:The Huanghuai(HH),which is made from the dried roots of Scutellaria baicalensis(Huangqin in Chinese) and the dried flowers and buds of Sophora japonica(Huaihua in Chinese),is a traditional Chinese formula used to treat dysfunctional uterine bleeding(DUB)(Benglou in Chinese) and proven to treat hemostasis effectively in our previous study.Network pharmacology and molecule docking were performed to study the underlying mechanism of Huanghuai(HH),and pharmacodynamic experiments were conducted to verify its curative effect.Methods:TCMSP,UniProt,GeneCards,STRING,DAVID databases,and Cytoscape 3.7.2 were utilized for the construction of a compound-target-pathway network.Docking the potential effective components with potential targets.The HPLC analysis of the potential effective components was performed.In vivo,the hot plate test model was used to study the analgesic activity,the egg white was used to study the swollen reaction in the sole in mice,and the hemostasis effect was studied by the capillary method,tail-breaking method and abortion uterus test.Results:The results showed that six compounds(acacetin,beta-sitosterol,wogonin,baicalein,kaempferol and quercetin) and four potential targets(PTGS2,AKT1,TP53 and TNF) in the compound-targetpathway network were the potential material basis for HH to treat DUB.It can be seen that the binding energy of the acacetin,wogonin,baicalein,beta-sitosterol,kaempferol and quercetin in HH docked with the receptor proteins PTGS2,AKT1,TP53,and TNF were far less than-5.0 kJ/mol,which means the molecules have low conformational energy,stable structure and high binding activity.And the result of HPLC analysis showed that acacetin,wogonin,baicalein,kaempferol and quercetin were the potential effective components of the hemostasis mechanism of HH,beta-sitosterol was removed due to low content.In vivo testing of the potential effective components,it revealed that the group of potential effective components identified by HPLC could increase the pain threshold,inhibit the swelling hind paws of mice induced by egg white,reduce the bleeding time and clotting time,reduce uterine bleeding,decrease the uterine weight,increase the content of Ca and ET-1,and reduce the content of NO in uterine homogenate tissue,and decrease of E_(2) and P content in uterine serum in aborted rats,whose efficacy was equal to HH.Conclusion:The results indicated that HH and potential active ingredient groups obtained from network pharmacology can treat DUB and play a hemostatic effect.The results obtained by network pharmacology have certain reliability.This study provides new indications for further mechanism research of HH on DUB and the development of HH or its components as an alternative therapy for patients with DUB.At the same time,the application of network pharmacology strategy may provide a powerful tool for exploring the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine and discovering new biologically active ingredients.
