针对部分机电产品在概念设计阶段未综合考虑客户和环境的需求,进而影响产品详细设计的问题,提出了一种基于功能—结构—客户和环境需求(function‒structure‒requirements of customer and environment,FSRce)模型的机电产品绿色概念设...针对部分机电产品在概念设计阶段未综合考虑客户和环境的需求,进而影响产品详细设计的问题,提出了一种基于功能—结构—客户和环境需求(function‒structure‒requirements of customer and environment,FSRce)模型的机电产品绿色概念设计方案生成方法。首先,从案例库中选择合适的功能和结构对现有产品设计树中的节点进行扩展和关联;同时通过数据挖掘、专家打分等方法获得产品的客户和环境需求重要度,以构建基于FSRce模型的产品概念设计空间。然后,先利用加权区间粗糙数法对客户和环境需求重要度进行分析,得到需求相对重要度,再运用模糊质量功能展开(fuzzy quality function deployment,FQFD)将需求相对重要度转化为产品的工程特性权重。最后,利用物元理论构建基于工程特性的产品物元域和各结构物元集,并结合工程特性权重得到各结构的满意度分值,通过比较满意度优选得到满足客户和环境需求的产品概念设计方案。以某小型工业吹风机为例,基于上述方法对其概念设计方案进行优化。相比于原始方案,优化后的吹风机在能源消耗上降低了15.38%,在碳排放上降低了15.32%,且客户满意度提高了44.66%,由此验证了所提出方法的可行性与有效性。所提出的方法为机电产品概念设计方案的生成提供了一种新思路,能更好地辅助设计人员实现对机电产品的绿色设计。展开更多
超材料具备天然材料没有的电磁性质,基于超材料的太赫兹(THz)功能器件在生物分子检测、医学成像、安全检查等领域都具有广泛的应用前景。采用CiteSpace软件对2016年—2023年web of science网站上有关太赫兹超材料功能器件的参考文献进...超材料具备天然材料没有的电磁性质,基于超材料的太赫兹(THz)功能器件在生物分子检测、医学成像、安全检查等领域都具有广泛的应用前景。采用CiteSpace软件对2016年—2023年web of science网站上有关太赫兹超材料功能器件的参考文献进行了可视化分析,综述了THz超材料功能器件的研究进展、热点领域,并对其发展前景进行了预测,从而为从事相关研究的工作人员提供借鉴。此次分析共检索到紧密相关文献2159篇。论文从发表文献的国家、机构和作者贡献、被引次数和关键词聚类等多方面分别进行了分析和讨论。得到了最近几年THz超材料功能器件的研究领域,主要包括吸波器、滤波器、电磁诱导透明、调制器、非对称传输、波前调控、编码超表面、机器学习、生物传感和量子纠缠超表面等。研究发现在THz超材料功能器件领域,中国发文量占所有文章总数的50%以上,英国、中国、美国这三个国家的影响力最高。通过对科研机构的合作网络分析,发现发文量排名前十位的科研机构均是中国单位,其中天津大学发文量占据第一位。通过对论文作者的共现分析和共被引分析,可以分别统计出作者的发文数量和影响力。为进一步研究THz超材料功能器件的研究热点,对关键词进行了聚类分析,得到了11个集群,总结了5个关键研究领域。最后给出了研究领域的分布图,以知识树的形式分析了各个领域的发展现状。其中吸波器、滤波器、调制器、电磁诱导透明等领域已经研究成熟。生物传感、非对称传输、天线等领域处于发展阶段,并逐渐成熟。机器学习、量子纠缠超表面成为未来的研究热点。展开更多
Taking the Paleozoic of the Sichuan and Tarim basins in China as example,the controlling effects of the Earth system evolution and multi-spherical interactions on the formation and enrichment of marine ultra-deep petr...Taking the Paleozoic of the Sichuan and Tarim basins in China as example,the controlling effects of the Earth system evolution and multi-spherical interactions on the formation and enrichment of marine ultra-deep petroleum in China have been elaborated.By discussing the development of“source-reservoir-seal”controlled by the breakup and assembly of supercontinents and regional tectonic movements,and the mechanisms of petroleum generation and accumulation controlled by temperature-pressure system and fault conduit system,Both the South China and Tarim blocks passed through the intertropical convergence zone(ITCZ)of the low-latitude Hadley Cell twice during their drifts,and formed hydrocarbon source rocks with high quality.It is proposed that deep tectonic activities and surface climate evolution jointly controlled the types and stratigraphic positions of ultra-deep hydrocarbon source rocks,reservoirs,and seals in the Sichuan and Tarim basins,forming multiple petroleum systems in the Ediacaran-Cambrian,Cambrian-Ordovician,Cambrian-Permian and Permian-Triassic strata.The matching degree of source-reservoir-seal,the type of organic matter in source rocks,the deep thermal regime of basin,and the burial-uplift process across tectonic periods collectively control the entire process from the generation to the accumulation of oil and gas.Three types of oil and gas enrichment models are formed,including near-source accumulation in platform marginal zones,distant-source accumulation in high-energy beaches through faults,and three-dimensional accumulation in strike-slip fault zones,which ultimately result in the multi-layered natural gas enrichment in ultra-deep layers of the Sichuan Basin and co-enrichment of oil and gas in the ultra-deep layers of the Tarim Basin.展开更多
Wide gap brazing（WGB） experiments using the butted specimen with a 1.5 mm gap were carried out for the repair of the failed K418B superalloy low-pressure turbine vanes.The high temperature creep rupture strengths of...Wide gap brazing（WGB） experiments using the butted specimen with a 1.5 mm gap were carried out for the repair of the failed K418B superalloy low-pressure turbine vanes.The high temperature creep rupture strengths of the brazed joints were tested,and the microstructures and fracture surfaces of the joints were observed.The results show that the microstructure of K418B alloy joint is composed of dense equiaxed grain,small and discrete compounds with a few micro-pores.During the creep rupture test,the cracks initiate preferentially at the micro-pore or the grain boundary,then propagate along the grain boundary till the fracture happens.The creep rupture strength at 700 ℃ of the brazed joints with 50% braze metal in the working part could exceed 90% that of the K418B superalloy,and the joints with 100% braze metal in the working part achieve 70% to 80% of the creep rupture strengths for the K418 B base metal.展开更多
文摘针对部分机电产品在概念设计阶段未综合考虑客户和环境的需求,进而影响产品详细设计的问题,提出了一种基于功能—结构—客户和环境需求(function‒structure‒requirements of customer and environment,FSRce)模型的机电产品绿色概念设计方案生成方法。首先,从案例库中选择合适的功能和结构对现有产品设计树中的节点进行扩展和关联;同时通过数据挖掘、专家打分等方法获得产品的客户和环境需求重要度,以构建基于FSRce模型的产品概念设计空间。然后,先利用加权区间粗糙数法对客户和环境需求重要度进行分析,得到需求相对重要度,再运用模糊质量功能展开(fuzzy quality function deployment,FQFD)将需求相对重要度转化为产品的工程特性权重。最后,利用物元理论构建基于工程特性的产品物元域和各结构物元集,并结合工程特性权重得到各结构的满意度分值,通过比较满意度优选得到满足客户和环境需求的产品概念设计方案。以某小型工业吹风机为例,基于上述方法对其概念设计方案进行优化。相比于原始方案,优化后的吹风机在能源消耗上降低了15.38%,在碳排放上降低了15.32%,且客户满意度提高了44.66%,由此验证了所提出方法的可行性与有效性。所提出的方法为机电产品概念设计方案的生成提供了一种新思路,能更好地辅助设计人员实现对机电产品的绿色设计。
文摘超材料具备天然材料没有的电磁性质,基于超材料的太赫兹(THz)功能器件在生物分子检测、医学成像、安全检查等领域都具有广泛的应用前景。采用CiteSpace软件对2016年—2023年web of science网站上有关太赫兹超材料功能器件的参考文献进行了可视化分析,综述了THz超材料功能器件的研究进展、热点领域,并对其发展前景进行了预测,从而为从事相关研究的工作人员提供借鉴。此次分析共检索到紧密相关文献2159篇。论文从发表文献的国家、机构和作者贡献、被引次数和关键词聚类等多方面分别进行了分析和讨论。得到了最近几年THz超材料功能器件的研究领域,主要包括吸波器、滤波器、电磁诱导透明、调制器、非对称传输、波前调控、编码超表面、机器学习、生物传感和量子纠缠超表面等。研究发现在THz超材料功能器件领域,中国发文量占所有文章总数的50%以上,英国、中国、美国这三个国家的影响力最高。通过对科研机构的合作网络分析,发现发文量排名前十位的科研机构均是中国单位,其中天津大学发文量占据第一位。通过对论文作者的共现分析和共被引分析,可以分别统计出作者的发文数量和影响力。为进一步研究THz超材料功能器件的研究热点,对关键词进行了聚类分析,得到了11个集群,总结了5个关键研究领域。最后给出了研究领域的分布图,以知识树的形式分析了各个领域的发展现状。其中吸波器、滤波器、调制器、电磁诱导透明等领域已经研究成熟。生物传感、非对称传输、天线等领域处于发展阶段,并逐渐成熟。机器学习、量子纠缠超表面成为未来的研究热点。
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC0603101)National Natural Science Foundation of China(42225303,42372162,42102146)+1 种基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA14010101)Basic and Forward-Looking Major Technology Project of China National Petroleum Corporation(2023ZZ0203)。
文摘Taking the Paleozoic of the Sichuan and Tarim basins in China as example,the controlling effects of the Earth system evolution and multi-spherical interactions on the formation and enrichment of marine ultra-deep petroleum in China have been elaborated.By discussing the development of“source-reservoir-seal”controlled by the breakup and assembly of supercontinents and regional tectonic movements,and the mechanisms of petroleum generation and accumulation controlled by temperature-pressure system and fault conduit system,Both the South China and Tarim blocks passed through the intertropical convergence zone(ITCZ)of the low-latitude Hadley Cell twice during their drifts,and formed hydrocarbon source rocks with high quality.It is proposed that deep tectonic activities and surface climate evolution jointly controlled the types and stratigraphic positions of ultra-deep hydrocarbon source rocks,reservoirs,and seals in the Sichuan and Tarim basins,forming multiple petroleum systems in the Ediacaran-Cambrian,Cambrian-Ordovician,Cambrian-Permian and Permian-Triassic strata.The matching degree of source-reservoir-seal,the type of organic matter in source rocks,the deep thermal regime of basin,and the burial-uplift process across tectonic periods collectively control the entire process from the generation to the accumulation of oil and gas.Three types of oil and gas enrichment models are formed,including near-source accumulation in platform marginal zones,distant-source accumulation in high-energy beaches through faults,and three-dimensional accumulation in strike-slip fault zones,which ultimately result in the multi-layered natural gas enrichment in ultra-deep layers of the Sichuan Basin and co-enrichment of oil and gas in the ultra-deep layers of the Tarim Basin.
文摘Wide gap brazing（WGB） experiments using the butted specimen with a 1.5 mm gap were carried out for the repair of the failed K418B superalloy low-pressure turbine vanes.The high temperature creep rupture strengths of the brazed joints were tested,and the microstructures and fracture surfaces of the joints were observed.The results show that the microstructure of K418B alloy joint is composed of dense equiaxed grain,small and discrete compounds with a few micro-pores.During the creep rupture test,the cracks initiate preferentially at the micro-pore or the grain boundary,then propagate along the grain boundary till the fracture happens.The creep rupture strength at 700 ℃ of the brazed joints with 50% braze metal in the working part could exceed 90% that of the K418B superalloy,and the joints with 100% braze metal in the working part achieve 70% to 80% of the creep rupture strengths for the K418 B base metal.
