Overexpression of Cdc25C predicts response to radiotherapy and survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with radiotherapy followed by surgery

Biomarker identification is crucial for the selection of patients who might benefit from radiotherapy.To explore potential markers for response and prognosis in patients with locally advanced esophageal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy followed by surgery,we evaluated the expression of cell cycle checkpoint-related proteins Chk2,Cdc25C,and Cyclin D1.A total of 56 patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were treated with radiotherapy followed by surgery.Pretreatment tumor biopsy specimens were analyzed for Chk2,Cdc25C,and Cyclin D1 expression by immunohistochemistry.High expression of Chk2,Cyclin D1,and Cdc25C was observed in 44(78.6%),15(26.8%),and 27(48.2%) patients,respectively.The median survival was 16 months(range,3-154 months),with a 5-year overall survival rate of 19.6%.Overexpression of Chk2 was associated with smoking(P = 0.021),overexpression of Cdc25C was associated with patient age(P = 0.033) and tumor length(P = 0.001),and overexpression of Cdc25C was associated with pathologic complete response(P = 0.038).Univariate analysis demonstrated that overexpression of Cdc25C and pathologic complete response was associated with better survival.In multivariate analysis,Cdc25C was the most significant independent predictor of better survival(P = 0.014) for patients treated with radiotherapy followed by surgery.Overexpression of Cdc25C was significantly associated with pathologic complete response and better survival of patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer treated with radiotherapy followed by surgery.These results suggest that Cdc25C may be a biomarker of treatment response and good prognosis for esophageal carcinoma patients.Thus,immunohistochemical staining of Cdc25C in a pretreatment specimen may be a useful method of identifying optimal treatment for patients with esophageal carcinoma.

Malignant extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the pancreas:Report of two cases and review of the literature

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are mesenchymal tumors that arise from the gastrointestinal tract.In rare cases,these tumors are found in intra-abdominal sites unrelated to the gastrointestinal tract,such as the mesentery,omentum and retroperitoneum.However,pancreatic extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumors are extremely rare,with only 14 previous cases reported.A 61-year-old man with no clinical symptoms had a routine check-up,during which an abdominal mass located in the pancreas tail was detected.Abdominal surgery was performed with resection of the pancreas tail and the spleen,and he was diagnosed with lowrisk GISTs.Another 60-year-old man with no clinical symptoms underwent Computed tomography which revealed a well-demarcated tumor,6 cm in diameter,in the head of the pancreas.He was diagnosed with pancreatic GISTs.Here,we describe two rare cases of pancreatic GISTs and review the cases previously reported in the literature.

CD56+ lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the lung:A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma(LELC)is a non-keratinizing carcinoma with rich lymphocytic infiltration,which primarily originates from the nasopharynx.Primary lung LELC is a type of lung cancer with a relatively low incidence.Herein,we report a rare case of lung LELC with expression of CD56.We also performed a literature review to summarize the epidemiological,clinical,and prognostic features of this disease.CASE SUMMARY A 51-year-old man was admitted to Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College due to cough and chest pain lasting>2 mo and 1 wk,respectively.Positron emission tomography-computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging examinations revealed the presence of a mass in the right upper lobe with enlargement of lymph nodes and multiple bone metastases.According to the results of bronchoscopy and cervical lymph node biopsy,a diagnosis of lung LELC with CD56-positive staining(CD56+lung LELC)was made.In the literature,458 cases of lung LELC have been reported.However,only one other case of CD56+lung LELC has been reported thus far.CONCLUSION The mechanism and potential role of CD56 expression in CD56+lung LELC require further investigation.

Expert Consensus on Pathological Diagnosis of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma(2022 version)

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)can originate from the large bile duct group(segment bile ducts and area bile ducts),small bile duct group(septal bile ducts and interlobular bile ducts),and terminal bile duct group(bile ductules and canals of Hering)of the intrahepatic biliary tree,which can be histopathological corresponding to large duct type iCCA,small duct type iCCA and iCCA with ductal plate malformation pattern,and cholangiolocarcinoma,respectively.The challenge in pathological diagnosis of above subtypes of iCCA falls in the distinction of cellular morphologies,tissue structures,growth patterns,invasive behaviors,immunophenotypes,molecular mutations,and surgical prognoses.For these reasons,this expert consensus provides nine recommendations as a reference for standardizing and refining the diagnosis of pathological subtypes of iCCA,mainly based on the 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of the Digestive System.

Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer in Chinese Adolescent Patients

Background： Colorectal adenocarcinoma rarely occurred in adolescent. Clinical feature and prognosis of this population are not clear until now. In addition, DNA mismatch repair （MMR） status may relate to the early disease occurrence. The present study aimed to perform a retrospective analysis of adolescent patients with colorectal cancer, including clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. Methods： The medical records of 11,503 patients diagnosed as colorectal cancer in Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 1999 to December 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. Finally, 19 patients who were between 10 and 20 years old were selected as the study group. We summarized the clinicopathological characteristics, analyzed the association with prognosis and assessed the expression of MMR protein by immunohistochemical method. Results： The most common primary site was the right colon in 7 patients. Ten patients had Stage III colorectal cancer, 5 patients had Stage IV disease. Signet ring cell carcinoma was the most frequent pathological type （7/19）. Deficient MMR was identified in 2 patients. The 5-year survival rate and median survival time were 23.2% and 26 months. Distant metastasis was identified as an independent prognostic factor （P = 0.02）. Conclusions： Colorectal cancer in Chinese adolescents was very rare. The chinese adolecents with colorectal cancer were frequently diagnosed in the right colon, as Stage Ⅲ/Ⅳdisease with signet ring cell carcinoma. The prognosis was relatively poor.