Infection with human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） disrupts the balance among yT cell subsets, with increasing Vo1＋ cells and substantial depletion of circulating Vo2＋ cells. Depletion is an indirect effect of HIV ...Infection with human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） disrupts the balance among yT cell subsets, with increasing Vo1＋ cells and substantial depletion of circulating Vo2＋ cells. Depletion is an indirect effect of HIV in CD4-negative Vo2 cells, but is specific for phosphoantigen-responsive subpopulations identified by the Vy2-Jy1.2 （also called Vy9-JyP） T cell receptor rearrangement. The extent of cell loss and recovery is related closely to clinical status, with highest levels of functional V cells present in virus controllers （undetectable viremia in the absence of antiretroviral therapy）. We review the mechanisms and clinical consequences for V cell depletion in HIV disease. We address the question of whether HIV-mediated V cell depletion, despite being an indirect effect of infection, is an important part of the immune evasion strategy for this virus. The important roles for V cells, as effectors and immune regulators, identify key mechanisms affected by HIV and show the strong relationships between V62 cell loss and immunodeficiency disease. This field is moving toward immune therapies based on targeting V cells and we now have clear goals and expectations to Ruide interventional clinical trials.展开更多
文摘Infection with human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） disrupts the balance among yT cell subsets, with increasing Vo1＋ cells and substantial depletion of circulating Vo2＋ cells. Depletion is an indirect effect of HIV in CD4-negative Vo2 cells, but is specific for phosphoantigen-responsive subpopulations identified by the Vy2-Jy1.2 （also called Vy9-JyP） T cell receptor rearrangement. The extent of cell loss and recovery is related closely to clinical status, with highest levels of functional V cells present in virus controllers （undetectable viremia in the absence of antiretroviral therapy）. We review the mechanisms and clinical consequences for V cell depletion in HIV disease. We address the question of whether HIV-mediated V cell depletion, despite being an indirect effect of infection, is an important part of the immune evasion strategy for this virus. The important roles for V cells, as effectors and immune regulators, identify key mechanisms affected by HIV and show the strong relationships between V62 cell loss and immunodeficiency disease. This field is moving toward immune therapies based on targeting V cells and we now have clear goals and expectations to Ruide interventional clinical trials.
