Recent studies have evidenced that the anatomical structure now known as the myodural bridge(MDB)connects the suboccipital musculature to the cervical spinal dura mater(SDM).In humans,the MDB passes through both the p...Recent studies have evidenced that the anatomical structure now known as the myodural bridge(MDB)connects the suboccipital musculature to the cervical spinal dura mater(SDM).In humans,the MDB passes through both the posterior atlanto-occipital and the posterior atlanto-axial interspaces.The existence of the MDB in various mammals,including flying birds(Rock pigeons and Gallus domesticus)has been previously validated.Gentoo penguins are the world's fastest diving birds.The present study was therefore carried out to investigate the existence and characteristics of the MDB in Gentoo penguin,a non-flying,marine bird that can dive.For this study,six Gentoo penguin specimens were dissected to observe the existence and composition of their MDB.展开更多
The atlantooccipital joint is an elliptic joint composed of the superior fossa of the lateral mass of the atlas(C1)and the occipital condyle.Atlanto oceipital fusion,characterized by osseous union between the occiput ...The atlantooccipital joint is an elliptic joint composed of the superior fossa of the lateral mass of the atlas(C1)and the occipital condyle.Atlanto oceipital fusion,characterized by osseous union between the occiput and C1,is a form of craniovertebral junction malformations(CVJM).Atlanto occipital fusion is usually considered to be asymptomatic except for limited neck movement.The myodural bridge(MDB)is an important dense fibrous apparatus that connects the suboccipital muscular and fascial structures to the cervical spinal dura mater through the posterior atlanto-occipital and atlanto axial interspaces.展开更多
The myodural bridge is a dense connective tissue connecting muscles and ligaments to the spinal dura mater.Some researchers believe that the myodural bridge may play vital physiological roles.Previously,the myodural b...The myodural bridge is a dense connective tissue connecting muscles and ligaments to the spinal dura mater.Some researchers believe that the myodural bridge may play vital physiological roles.Previously,the myodural bridge has been shown in five different groups of mammals.Bats are nocturnal and the only mammals that can perform a true and sustained flight;whereas tree shrews(Tupaia belangeri)are arboreal mammals that often climb to a high altitude of about 10000 feet.Both animals have life styles that are different from other previously studied mammals.The study of these two animals will further shed light on the existence of the myodural bridge in mammals.展开更多
Temporal region is a complex morphological structure and very important in rejuvenation surgeries and filler injection.But there are scanty of literature which shows detailed en-block histology of temporal region.In t...Temporal region is a complex morphological structure and very important in rejuvenation surgeries and filler injection.But there are scanty of literature which shows detailed en-block histology of temporal region.In this study,we used 4 heads(8 hemifaces)of Chinese adults which were processed using the P45 plastination techniques.The polymer resulted in transparent plastination,and the P45 sheet-plastinated sections of the temporal region structure was observed and photographed using the LED reading lights.展开更多
The myodural bridge(MDB)is a connection between the suboccipital muscles and cervical dura mater in the posterior atlanto occipital interspace found in mammals.Specifically,we focused on the Gloydius Shedaoensis,a spe...The myodural bridge(MDB)is a connection between the suboccipital muscles and cervical dura mater in the posterior atlanto occipital interspace found in mammals.Specifically,we focused on the Gloydius Shedaoensis,a species of Agkistrodon that only found on Shedao Island located in the southeastern sea of Dalian City in China.Six head and neck up to the sixth vertebra(V6)cadavers of Gloydius Shedaoensis were examined in this study.Three were used for anatomical dissection and the remaining three were used for histological analysis.The spinalis muscle originated from the posterior edge of the supraoccipital bones and the dorsal facet of exocciput,extended on both sides of the spinous process covering the spine,merging with semispinalis muscle.展开更多
Ocular suspensory ligament is an importantpart of the lower eyelid retractors. Despite the importance of ocular suspensory ligament in lower eyelid surgeries,there are scanty of literature which shows detailed en- blo...Ocular suspensory ligament is an importantpart of the lower eyelid retractors. Despite the importance of ocular suspensory ligament in lower eyelid surgeries,there are scanty of literature which shows detailed en- block histology of ocular suspensory ligament. We used 14heads (28 hemifaces) of Chinese adults. Eleven heads ( 22 hemifaces) from Chinese adults were processed usingthe P45 plastination techniques. The polymer resulted in transparent plastination, and the P45 sheet plastinatedsections of the low eyelid was observed.展开更多
文摘Recent studies have evidenced that the anatomical structure now known as the myodural bridge(MDB)connects the suboccipital musculature to the cervical spinal dura mater(SDM).In humans,the MDB passes through both the posterior atlanto-occipital and the posterior atlanto-axial interspaces.The existence of the MDB in various mammals,including flying birds(Rock pigeons and Gallus domesticus)has been previously validated.Gentoo penguins are the world's fastest diving birds.The present study was therefore carried out to investigate the existence and characteristics of the MDB in Gentoo penguin,a non-flying,marine bird that can dive.For this study,six Gentoo penguin specimens were dissected to observe the existence and composition of their MDB.
文摘The atlantooccipital joint is an elliptic joint composed of the superior fossa of the lateral mass of the atlas(C1)and the occipital condyle.Atlanto oceipital fusion,characterized by osseous union between the occiput and C1,is a form of craniovertebral junction malformations(CVJM).Atlanto occipital fusion is usually considered to be asymptomatic except for limited neck movement.The myodural bridge(MDB)is an important dense fibrous apparatus that connects the suboccipital muscular and fascial structures to the cervical spinal dura mater through the posterior atlanto-occipital and atlanto axial interspaces.
文摘The myodural bridge is a dense connective tissue connecting muscles and ligaments to the spinal dura mater.Some researchers believe that the myodural bridge may play vital physiological roles.Previously,the myodural bridge has been shown in five different groups of mammals.Bats are nocturnal and the only mammals that can perform a true and sustained flight;whereas tree shrews(Tupaia belangeri)are arboreal mammals that often climb to a high altitude of about 10000 feet.Both animals have life styles that are different from other previously studied mammals.The study of these two animals will further shed light on the existence of the myodural bridge in mammals.
文摘Temporal region is a complex morphological structure and very important in rejuvenation surgeries and filler injection.But there are scanty of literature which shows detailed en-block histology of temporal region.In this study,we used 4 heads(8 hemifaces)of Chinese adults which were processed using the P45 plastination techniques.The polymer resulted in transparent plastination,and the P45 sheet-plastinated sections of the temporal region structure was observed and photographed using the LED reading lights.
文摘The myodural bridge(MDB)is a connection between the suboccipital muscles and cervical dura mater in the posterior atlanto occipital interspace found in mammals.Specifically,we focused on the Gloydius Shedaoensis,a species of Agkistrodon that only found on Shedao Island located in the southeastern sea of Dalian City in China.Six head and neck up to the sixth vertebra(V6)cadavers of Gloydius Shedaoensis were examined in this study.Three were used for anatomical dissection and the remaining three were used for histological analysis.The spinalis muscle originated from the posterior edge of the supraoccipital bones and the dorsal facet of exocciput,extended on both sides of the spinous process covering the spine,merging with semispinalis muscle.
文摘Ocular suspensory ligament is an importantpart of the lower eyelid retractors. Despite the importance of ocular suspensory ligament in lower eyelid surgeries,there are scanty of literature which shows detailed en- block histology of ocular suspensory ligament. We used 14heads (28 hemifaces) of Chinese adults. Eleven heads ( 22 hemifaces) from Chinese adults were processed usingthe P45 plastination techniques. The polymer resulted in transparent plastination, and the P45 sheet plastinatedsections of the low eyelid was observed.
