Medical implants with functionalities such as sensing,health monitoring,stimulation,diagnosis,and physiological treatment are rapidly growing.With the increasing functional sophistication and addition of modules such ...Medical implants with functionalities such as sensing,health monitoring,stimulation,diagnosis,and physiological treatment are rapidly growing.With the increasing functional sophistication and addition of modules such as data transmission,on-chip processing,and data storage,energy demand of the implantable system is also growing.Using implantable energy harvester either to recharge or ultimately replace hazardous battery is essential to provide a long-term sustainable solution.Energy harvesting techniques using piezoelectric,thermoelectric,radio frequency power transmission,biofuel,and photoelectronic(or sometimes termed as“photovoltaic”in terms of solar light harvesting,i.e.,PV)conversion,have been attempted for the implantable,but these methods are currently limited by insufficient power output,large footprint,and low efficiency.Nevertheless,the planar PV with potential of lighter weight,higher energy density,and higher efficiency,provides promising power solution for in-body medical implants.In this short review,we will discuss the potential opportunities and challenges associated with PV's for medical implants,covering materials,to devices,and to system level requirements.展开更多
基金supported by the U.S.Department of Energy's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy(EERE)under the Solar Energy Technologies Office Award Number DE-EE0009364K.W.acknowledges the support from U.S.DOE EERE under the Solar Energy Technologies Office award number DE-EE0009364.S.P+1 种基金the support through DOE STTR program(Prime-NanoSonic Inc.),DE-SC0019844.S.K.Kthe support from U.S.Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture(USDA-NIFA),under Award No.2019-67021-28991.
文摘Medical implants with functionalities such as sensing,health monitoring,stimulation,diagnosis,and physiological treatment are rapidly growing.With the increasing functional sophistication and addition of modules such as data transmission,on-chip processing,and data storage,energy demand of the implantable system is also growing.Using implantable energy harvester either to recharge or ultimately replace hazardous battery is essential to provide a long-term sustainable solution.Energy harvesting techniques using piezoelectric,thermoelectric,radio frequency power transmission,biofuel,and photoelectronic(or sometimes termed as“photovoltaic”in terms of solar light harvesting,i.e.,PV)conversion,have been attempted for the implantable,but these methods are currently limited by insufficient power output,large footprint,and low efficiency.Nevertheless,the planar PV with potential of lighter weight,higher energy density,and higher efficiency,provides promising power solution for in-body medical implants.In this short review,we will discuss the potential opportunities and challenges associated with PV's for medical implants,covering materials,to devices,and to system level requirements.
