An EMS(ethy methanesulfonate)-induced lethal etiolated(le)mutant obtained from the rice variety Zhongjian 100 was characterized by lethal etiolated phenotypes,with significantly reduced levels of chlorophyll a,chlorop...An EMS(ethy methanesulfonate)-induced lethal etiolated(le)mutant obtained from the rice variety Zhongjian 100 was characterized by lethal etiolated phenotypes,with significantly reduced levels of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,total chlorophyll,and carotenoids.Additionally,the mutant displayed a significantly decreased number of chloroplast grana,along with irregular and less-stacked grana lamellae.The le mutant showed markedly diminished root length,root surface area,and root volume compared with the wild type.It also exhibited significantly lower catalase activity and total protein content,while peroxidase activity was significantly higher.Using the map-based cloning method,we successfully mapped the LE gene to a 48-kb interval between markers RM16107 and RM16110 on rice chromosome 3.A mutation(from T to C)was identified at nucleotide position 692 bp of LOC_Os03g59640(ChlD),resulting in a change from leucine to proline.By crossing HM133(a pale green mutant with a single-base substitution of A for G in exon 10 of ChlD subunit)with a heterozygous line of le(LEle),we obtained two plant lines heterozygous at both the LE and HM133 loci.Among 15 transgenic plants,3 complementation lines displayed normal leaf color with significantly higher total chlorophyll,chlorophyll a,and chlorophyll b contents.The mutation in le led to a lethal etiolated phenotype,which has not been observed in other ChlD mutants.The mutation in the AAA+domain of ChlD disrupted the interaction of ChlDle with ChlI as demonstrated by a yeast two-hybrid assay,leading to the loss of ChlD function and hindering chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development.Consequently,this disruption is responsible for the lethal etiolated phenotype in the mutant.展开更多
内定标利用雷达系统内部设备和定标通路来测量系统各部分幅度和相位在成像过程中的相对变化,是保证雷达图像辐射精度的重要手段。该文针对传统有线内定标方案定标通路未覆盖相控阵天线TR输出端至无源阵面路径、定标网络庞大且自身误差...内定标利用雷达系统内部设备和定标通路来测量系统各部分幅度和相位在成像过程中的相对变化,是保证雷达图像辐射精度的重要手段。该文针对传统有线内定标方案定标通路未覆盖相控阵天线TR输出端至无源阵面路径、定标网络庞大且自身误差控制难等不足,提出了一种新颖的利用辅助天线的无线内定标方法,给出了定标原理和分析模型,推导了SAR天线TR通道幅相特性和系统传递函数的标定方法,并在典型星载SAR系统参数下对标定误差进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明,辅助天线支撑杆位置引起的TR通道幅度标定误差在10–3 d B量级,可以忽略;引起相位标定误差与支撑杆位置偏差密切相关,可依据文中给出的仿真曲线得到。支持杆位置引起的系统传递函数幅度标定误差小于0.1 dB;引起的相位标定误差对支撑杆位置偏差不敏感。最后在实际相控阵天线上对无线内定标方法进行了验证,获取了TR通道幅相特性标定的实测结果,表明了该方案的可行性和有效性。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32072049)Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology,China(Grant No.20210208).
文摘An EMS(ethy methanesulfonate)-induced lethal etiolated(le)mutant obtained from the rice variety Zhongjian 100 was characterized by lethal etiolated phenotypes,with significantly reduced levels of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,total chlorophyll,and carotenoids.Additionally,the mutant displayed a significantly decreased number of chloroplast grana,along with irregular and less-stacked grana lamellae.The le mutant showed markedly diminished root length,root surface area,and root volume compared with the wild type.It also exhibited significantly lower catalase activity and total protein content,while peroxidase activity was significantly higher.Using the map-based cloning method,we successfully mapped the LE gene to a 48-kb interval between markers RM16107 and RM16110 on rice chromosome 3.A mutation(from T to C)was identified at nucleotide position 692 bp of LOC_Os03g59640(ChlD),resulting in a change from leucine to proline.By crossing HM133(a pale green mutant with a single-base substitution of A for G in exon 10 of ChlD subunit)with a heterozygous line of le(LEle),we obtained two plant lines heterozygous at both the LE and HM133 loci.Among 15 transgenic plants,3 complementation lines displayed normal leaf color with significantly higher total chlorophyll,chlorophyll a,and chlorophyll b contents.The mutation in le led to a lethal etiolated phenotype,which has not been observed in other ChlD mutants.The mutation in the AAA+domain of ChlD disrupted the interaction of ChlDle with ChlI as demonstrated by a yeast two-hybrid assay,leading to the loss of ChlD function and hindering chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development.Consequently,this disruption is responsible for the lethal etiolated phenotype in the mutant.
文摘内定标利用雷达系统内部设备和定标通路来测量系统各部分幅度和相位在成像过程中的相对变化,是保证雷达图像辐射精度的重要手段。该文针对传统有线内定标方案定标通路未覆盖相控阵天线TR输出端至无源阵面路径、定标网络庞大且自身误差控制难等不足,提出了一种新颖的利用辅助天线的无线内定标方法,给出了定标原理和分析模型,推导了SAR天线TR通道幅相特性和系统传递函数的标定方法,并在典型星载SAR系统参数下对标定误差进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明,辅助天线支撑杆位置引起的TR通道幅度标定误差在10–3 d B量级,可以忽略;引起相位标定误差与支撑杆位置偏差密切相关,可依据文中给出的仿真曲线得到。支持杆位置引起的系统传递函数幅度标定误差小于0.1 dB;引起的相位标定误差对支撑杆位置偏差不敏感。最后在实际相控阵天线上对无线内定标方法进行了验证,获取了TR通道幅相特性标定的实测结果,表明了该方案的可行性和有效性。
