A型胸腰段骨折伤椎稳定区置钉的方法与疗效评价

目的提出伤椎稳定区置钉单节段固定治疗A型胸腰段骨折的方法,评价伤椎稳定区置钉的安全性、准确性及临床疗效。方法 2013年10月—2016年12月,采用后路经Quadrant通道伤椎稳定区置钉单节段复位内固定治疗无神经损伤的A型胸腰段骨折112例。采用疼痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分及Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)评价临床疗效;对比手术前后及末次随访时伤椎前缘高度压缩率及伤椎Cobb角评价复位效能;术后在CT图像上,按伤椎稳定区判定方法评价伤椎螺钉在椎体内的区域位置;按Andrew分级标准判定常规置钉方法及稳定区置钉方法准确性。结果末次随访时疼痛VAS评分及ODI均较术前显著改善(t=25.950、31.770,P<0.01)。术前伤椎前缘高度压缩率为(31.2±17.2)%,术后3d及末次随访时分别为(9.4±4.2)%、(10.3±3.7)%,手术前后差异有统计学意义(t=17.572、17.440,P<0.01);术前伤椎矢状位Cobb角为17.2°±2.1°,术后3d及末次随访时分别为6.2°±0.7°、6.7°±0.6°,手术前后差异有统计学意义(t=25.012、25.780,P<0.01)。术后按照稳定区判定方法判定术后伤椎螺钉优良率为100%。按照Andrew分级常规方法螺钉优良率为96.4%,稳定区置钉方法螺钉优良率为95.5%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论经扩张通道伤椎稳定区置钉单节段固定治疗A型胸腰段骨折安全可行,伤椎稳定区置钉安全性和准确性与传统置钉方式相似,临床效果满意。

切开减压脊柱融合术联合口服补肾强督治尪汤治疗强直性脊柱炎并发Andersson损害1例

Andersson损害(Andersson lesion,AL)是强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis,AS)的一种极其少见的并发症。它是发生在椎间盘与椎体界面的破坏性病变[1],可累及三柱,从而引起局部疼痛、后凸畸形或严重的神经损伤和脊髓病变等并发症。目前临床尚未就其治疗方法达成共识。部分学者主张采用中药内服外用联合支具外固定和功能锻炼治疗,也有部分学者主张手术治疗[2]。2019年12月,我院收治1例AS并发AL患者,采用手术联合口服中药治疗,现总结报告如下。

Clinical Analysis of Minimally Invasive Single-segment Reduction and Internal Fixation in Patients with Thoracolumbar Fractures

Objective:To study the clinical effect of minimally invasive single-segment reduction and internal fixation in patients with thoracolumbar fractures.Methods:From June 2013 to June 2014,100 patients with thoracolumbar fractures were selected as the subjects and they were randomly divided into observation group(50 cases)and control group(50 cases).The patients in the observation group were treated with minimally invasive singlesegment reduction and internal fixation.The patients in the control group were treated with short segmental fixation.The clinical effects of the two groups were compared.Results:There was no significant difference in the compression rate and Cobb angle between the two groups before and after operation(P>0.05).For all patients who were followed up for the last time,the Cobb angle was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).The social function,affective function and physical pain score of the observation group were significantly better than the control group(P<0.05).The amount of bleeding in the observation group was(250.4±41.0)ml,which was significantly lower than that in the control group(267.5±32.8)ml.The time required for the operation was(90.2±35.4)min,which was significantly lower than that of the control group(104.5±22.6)min(P<0.05).After treatment,the prognosis was 70.00%and the excellent and good rate was 98.00%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(46.00%)and 78.00%(P<0.05).Conclusion:Thoracolumbar fractures in patients with dilated channel minimally invasive single-segment reduction and internal fixation treatment can effectively repair the patient's vertebral height and Cobb angle and the degree of correction after surgery was significantly better,safer and worthy of clinical recommended use.