为研究重大燃气管道泄漏爆炸事故深层成因机制,首先基于24Model系统辨识和遴选事故组织因素与外部因素,然后集成模糊理论改进决策试验与评价实验室(Decision Making Trail and Evaluation Laboratory,DEMATEL)耦合解释结构模型(Interpre...为研究重大燃气管道泄漏爆炸事故深层成因机制,首先基于24Model系统辨识和遴选事故组织因素与外部因素,然后集成模糊理论改进决策试验与评价实验室(Decision Making Trail and Evaluation Laboratory,DEMATEL)耦合解释结构模型(Interpretive Structural Modeling,ISM)方法,通过递阶层次结构模型探讨各因素间的逻辑关系;运用交互矩阵影响相乘法(MICMAC)深入剖析各因素属性特征并提取关键要素,最后对湖北十堰“6·13”重大事故开展了实例分析。结果表明:在政府安全管理政策和制度缺陷等外部客观风险因素的影响下,燃气公司对安全的重要程度认识不足、安全融入企业管理不足和对安全主体责任认识不足是事故爆发的关键主观组织因素,并对安全管理体系产生负面影响;应从政府和燃气公司2个角度采取针对性的措施,共同防范类似事故的再次发生。展开更多
Background Cerebral amyloid angiopathy （CAA） is one of the main causes of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage （ICH）. No established link is available between pathological scores of CAA and its outcome. This study ...Background Cerebral amyloid angiopathy （CAA） is one of the main causes of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage （ICH）. No established link is available between pathological scores of CAA and its outcome. This study aimed to identify the correlations between pathological severity and poor postoperative outcome in the Chinese population. Methods Between May 2006 and April 2011, 367 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for CAA-related ICH in 71 hospitals throughout the mainland of China were enrolled in this study. Twelve months after surgery, we evaluated these patients＇ outcomes according to the modified Rankin Scale （mRS） and statistically correlated risk factors （demographics, medical history, pathological results, and surgical details） that are associated with a favorable （mRS 〈3） and poor （mRS 〉3） outcome groups. Results Risk factors for poor postoperative outcome in 367 patients with CAA-related ICH included advanced age （OR 1.034, 95% CI 1.001-1.067, P=0.042）, CAA pathology severity （OR 2.074, 95% CI 7.140-16.25, P 〈0.001）, lobar hematoma （OR 0.225, 95% CI 0.104-0.486, P 〈0.001）, presence of intraventricular hemorrhage （OR 0.478, 95% CI 0.229-1.001, P=0.050）, and/or subarachnoid hemorrhage （OR 2.629, 95% CI, 1.051-6,577, P=0.039）. Conclusions Poor postoperative outcome of patients with CAA-related ICH was more related to the severe pathological manifestation instead of other factors. Prior ischemia may present an early stage of CAA.展开更多
Background Biofilms have given new insights to the understanding of pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis （CRS）. However, the link between biofilms formation and local inflammatory response remains poorly defined i...Background Biofilms have given new insights to the understanding of pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis （CRS）. However, the link between biofilms formation and local inflammatory response remains poorly defined in CRS with nasal polys. The aim of this study was to determine the potential association of the presence of biofilms in the nasal mucosal tissues with clinical features in Chinese patients, which had CRS with nasal polyps （CRSwNP）. Methods A total of 19 patients with CRSwNP and 12 patients with non-CRS were subjected to endoscopic surgery and their nasal mucosal tissue specimens were examined histologically and by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Their demographic and clinical features were recorded. Results Thirteen （68.4%） out of the 19 specimens from patients with CRSwNP, but none from control patients, were positive for biofilms that displayed typical characteristics of bacterial and fugal structures. The presence of biofilms in the nasal mucosal tissues was associated with significantly greater values of purulent nasal discharge and preoperative Lund-Kennedy scores, higher levels of serum total IgE and percentages of subjects with endoscopic surgery （ESS） history in patients with CRSwNP, and more severe inflammation in the nasal mucosal tissues of patients with CRSwNP. Conclusion Our study demonstrated the presence of biofilms in the nasal mucosal tissues of many patients, contributing to the understanding of the pathogenic process of CRSwNP in Chinese patients.展开更多
Background Miniature pig （minipig） is increasingly used as a large animal model for a variety of biomedical studies. Little information is available in the literature on anatomy, histology and sialogragh of the subm...Background Miniature pig （minipig） is increasingly used as a large animal model for a variety of biomedical studies. Little information is available in the literature on anatomy, histology and sialogragh of the submandibular gland of the minipig. The purpose of this study was to characterize the morphology of a miniature pig＇s （minipig） submandibular gland as a large animal model for further biomedical studies. Methods Five minipigs were subjected to sialographic, anatomic, histologic, histochemical and uhrastructural evaluations for submandibular glands. Results Sialograms showed a long, horizontal main excretory duct and a pear-shaped gland located inferoposterior to the angle of the mandible. The submandibular glands lied superficial to the suprahyoid, and infrahyoid muscle groups, and were covered by the inferior portion of the parotid gland. The submandibular glands were characterized by a mixed parenchyma of mucous and serous secretory aeini. Alcian blue （AB） staining and periodic acid-Schiff （PAS） reactions demon-strated that minipig submandibular glands synthesized and secreted acid mucous substances by serous cells and polysaccharide, and neutral mucous substances, by mucous cells. Conclusion The submandibular gland of the minipig is considered a useful large salivary gland animal model for biomedical studies.展开更多
文摘为研究重大燃气管道泄漏爆炸事故深层成因机制,首先基于24Model系统辨识和遴选事故组织因素与外部因素,然后集成模糊理论改进决策试验与评价实验室(Decision Making Trail and Evaluation Laboratory,DEMATEL)耦合解释结构模型(Interpretive Structural Modeling,ISM)方法,通过递阶层次结构模型探讨各因素间的逻辑关系;运用交互矩阵影响相乘法(MICMAC)深入剖析各因素属性特征并提取关键要素,最后对湖北十堰“6·13”重大事故开展了实例分析。结果表明:在政府安全管理政策和制度缺陷等外部客观风险因素的影响下,燃气公司对安全的重要程度认识不足、安全融入企业管理不足和对安全主体责任认识不足是事故爆发的关键主观组织因素,并对安全管理体系产生负面影响;应从政府和燃气公司2个角度采取针对性的措施,共同防范类似事故的再次发生。
文摘Background Cerebral amyloid angiopathy （CAA） is one of the main causes of spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage （ICH）. No established link is available between pathological scores of CAA and its outcome. This study aimed to identify the correlations between pathological severity and poor postoperative outcome in the Chinese population. Methods Between May 2006 and April 2011, 367 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for CAA-related ICH in 71 hospitals throughout the mainland of China were enrolled in this study. Twelve months after surgery, we evaluated these patients＇ outcomes according to the modified Rankin Scale （mRS） and statistically correlated risk factors （demographics, medical history, pathological results, and surgical details） that are associated with a favorable （mRS 〈3） and poor （mRS 〉3） outcome groups. Results Risk factors for poor postoperative outcome in 367 patients with CAA-related ICH included advanced age （OR 1.034, 95% CI 1.001-1.067, P=0.042）, CAA pathology severity （OR 2.074, 95% CI 7.140-16.25, P 〈0.001）, lobar hematoma （OR 0.225, 95% CI 0.104-0.486, P 〈0.001）, presence of intraventricular hemorrhage （OR 0.478, 95% CI 0.229-1.001, P=0.050）, and/or subarachnoid hemorrhage （OR 2.629, 95% CI, 1.051-6,577, P=0.039）. Conclusions Poor postoperative outcome of patients with CAA-related ICH was more related to the severe pathological manifestation instead of other factors. Prior ischemia may present an early stage of CAA.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.30973283） and the Support Funding for Training High-Level Health Technicians of Beijing Health System to Dr. ZHOU Bing, （No.2009-3-36）.
文摘Background Biofilms have given new insights to the understanding of pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis （CRS）. However, the link between biofilms formation and local inflammatory response remains poorly defined in CRS with nasal polys. The aim of this study was to determine the potential association of the presence of biofilms in the nasal mucosal tissues with clinical features in Chinese patients, which had CRS with nasal polyps （CRSwNP）. Methods A total of 19 patients with CRSwNP and 12 patients with non-CRS were subjected to endoscopic surgery and their nasal mucosal tissue specimens were examined histologically and by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. Their demographic and clinical features were recorded. Results Thirteen （68.4%） out of the 19 specimens from patients with CRSwNP, but none from control patients, were positive for biofilms that displayed typical characteristics of bacterial and fugal structures. The presence of biofilms in the nasal mucosal tissues was associated with significantly greater values of purulent nasal discharge and preoperative Lund-Kennedy scores, higher levels of serum total IgE and percentages of subjects with endoscopic surgery （ESS） history in patients with CRSwNP, and more severe inflammation in the nasal mucosal tissues of patients with CRSwNP. Conclusion Our study demonstrated the presence of biofilms in the nasal mucosal tissues of many patients, contributing to the understanding of the pathogenic process of CRSwNP in Chinese patients.
文摘Background Miniature pig （minipig） is increasingly used as a large animal model for a variety of biomedical studies. Little information is available in the literature on anatomy, histology and sialogragh of the submandibular gland of the minipig. The purpose of this study was to characterize the morphology of a miniature pig＇s （minipig） submandibular gland as a large animal model for further biomedical studies. Methods Five minipigs were subjected to sialographic, anatomic, histologic, histochemical and uhrastructural evaluations for submandibular glands. Results Sialograms showed a long, horizontal main excretory duct and a pear-shaped gland located inferoposterior to the angle of the mandible. The submandibular glands lied superficial to the suprahyoid, and infrahyoid muscle groups, and were covered by the inferior portion of the parotid gland. The submandibular glands were characterized by a mixed parenchyma of mucous and serous secretory aeini. Alcian blue （AB） staining and periodic acid-Schiff （PAS） reactions demon-strated that minipig submandibular glands synthesized and secreted acid mucous substances by serous cells and polysaccharide, and neutral mucous substances, by mucous cells. Conclusion The submandibular gland of the minipig is considered a useful large salivary gland animal model for biomedical studies.
