Countermeasures and Suggestions for Strengthening Human Resource Management in China’s Pharmaceutical Industry

Objective To provide reference and enlightenment for the development of human resource management in China’s pharmaceutical industry and to put forward some suggestions to promote the further development of pharmaceutical industry.Methods The method of literature review was used to analyze the current situation and existing problems of human resource management in China’s pharmaceutical industry.Results and Conclusion Only by continuously improving the human resource management skills and innovating management methods can pharmaceutical enterprises achieve long-term benefits with sustainable development.The formulation of human resource management strategy in pharmaceutical industry must be conducive to the realization of the business goals of enterprises.To achieve this overall goal,the human resources management department of enterprises must make the plan from a strategic perspective,formulate talent strategic planning which serves the overall strategic goal of the enterprise.As a result,human resource management will play an important role in the development of China’s pharmaceutical industry.

深度学习模型安全性研究综述

随着智能化进程的不断加快,以深度学习为代表的人工智能技术得到不断发展。深度学习在众多领域得到广泛应用的同时,其中存在的安全问题也逐渐暴露。普通用户通常难以支撑深度学习所需的大量数据和算力,转而寻求第三方帮助,此时深度学习模型由于失去监管而面临严重安全问题。而深度学习模型在全周期内均会遭受后门攻击威胁,使得深度学习模型表现出极大脆弱性,严重影响人工智能的安全应用。从深度学习模型所需资源条件来看,训练数据、模型结构、支撑平台均能成为后门攻击的媒介,根据攻击媒介的不同将攻击方案划分为基于数据毒化、模型毒化、平台毒化3种类型。介绍了对其威胁模型及主要工作,在此基础上,梳理了针对现有后门攻击的防御措施。最后,结合所在团队的相关工作,并根据当前相关技术研究进展及实际,探讨未来研究方向。

Investigation on the Current Situation of China’s DTP Pharmacy and Suggestions for Its Development

Objective To summarize the main characteristics and development approaches of direct-to-patient(DTP)pharmacies,and to explore its future development trend.Methods Firstly,relevant policies of DTP pharmacies were sorted out based on some documents on the government website,and related articles were studied.Secondly,499 DTP pharmacies were investigated.Finally,the current status of the industry was summarized and analyzed.Results and Conclusion Policies on China’s DTP pharmacy have been constantly improved.According to industry standards,the current compliance rate of DTP pharmacies is about 46.09%.In terms of varieties,the market share concentration rate of biological products is higher than that of chemical drugs.The regional distribution of these drugs is mainly concentrated in the central and eastern provinces.However,63.45%of DTP pharmacies have less than 50 product specifications.DTP pharmacies have an average of 7.3 pharmacy technicians and 2.3 licensed pharmacists,which is higher than that of ordinary pharmacies.Due to the policy promotion,DTP pharmacies will be paid more attention by the public and the government,and the market share will become larger than before.Patients shifting from hospitals to drug-to-pharmacies can make them better layout.Besides,pharmaceutical services will become more specialized,and disease division will be more detailed.With the deepening of medical reform and the continuous improvement of national medical security as well as drug procurement and medical insurance payment methods,DTP pharmacies can play an important role in the national basic medical security system.

补肾调冲汤对围绝经期综合征患者性生活质量和雌激素水平的影响

目的探讨对围绝经期综合征患者实施治疗过程中,应用补肾调冲汤对患者雌激素水平和性生活质量的影响。方法选取2017年11月至2018年11月金华市中医医院内分泌科诊治的120例围绝经期综合征患者为研究对象。依照治疗方式将其分为试验组和对照组,每组60例患者。试验组患者给予补肾调冲汤进行对症治疗,对照组患者给予西药进行对症治疗。经过相应治疗和护理后,同期比较两组患者性生活质量与雌激素水平差异,进行分析论证。结果试验组患者Kupperman评分、WHOQOL-BREF评分、中国女性性生活质量问卷评分均优于对照组患者,可知试验组患者在疗效和性生活质量上优于对照组患者,其差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05);同时,试验组患者雌激素水平纠正亦优于对照组患者,其差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论应用中药补肾调冲汤治疗围绝经期综合征患者,可以获得较为令人满意的疗效,实现更佳的性生活质量恢复,有利于雌激素纠正。

大麻二酚上调BDNF、突触蛋白发挥抗抑郁作用

目的研究大麻二酚(CBD)对抑郁样小鼠的快速抗抑郁作用及可能的作用机制。方法采用慢性束缚建立小鼠抑郁模型。将供试小鼠分为5组:正常对照组、模型组、阳性对照组、CBD低剂量组(25 mg/kg)、CBD高剂量组(50 mg/kg)。在行为学实验前1 h对每组小鼠灌胃给药。行为学实验结束后,收集海马和前额皮层样本,采用ELISA测定脑源神经营养因子(BDNF)、突触后密度-95蛋白(PSD-95)、突触素(SYP)、雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)。结果与模型组相比,CBD低剂量组旷场实验中央区域活动路程百分比、中央区域活动时间百分比和总路程均增加。与模型组相比,CBD低剂量组强迫游泳实验不动时间百分比降低。ELISA检测结果显示,CBD能快速上调前额皮层中BDNF、PSD-95浓度,快速上调海马和前额皮层中SYP、mTOR浓度。结论CBD能快速改善抑郁样小鼠的行为学表现,快速上调海马或前额皮层中的BDNF、突触蛋白水平。

传动轴组合支架断裂故障分析与解决

某车型传动轴组合支架在投入市场后,在某些超载严重地区出现了断裂故障.为解决该故障,对该组合支架进行了CAE分析与场地道路测试;并根据分析与测试结果对该组合支架进行了有效优化,改进后组合支架经过实车验证,效果良好.

基于文献计量分析的场地化学氧化修复技术研究热点和趋势

化学氧化修复技术具有污染物去除效率高、修复周期短和成本低等优势,在污染场地修复领域具有广阔的应用前景。基于Web of Science数据库,通过文献计量可视化软件VOSviewer和CiteSpace,分析了1990—2022年场地污染土壤和地下水化学氧化修复领域的研究热点及趋势。结果表明,1990—2022年年度发文量呈增长趋势,中国和美国是发文量排名前二的国家,2010年后中国年发文量快速增加并位居第一,中国科学院在发文量及被引频次方面均高居榜首。基于关键词分析,总结归纳了化学氧化修复技术适用污染物类型、氧化剂种类和催化/活化方法以及化学氧化联合修复技术。当前研究热点集中在催化/活化方法研发、污染物降解机理探究以及在土壤和地下水中修复应用等方面;未来研究重点将聚焦于研发新型氧化剂和靶向催化/活化材料,探究材料迁移扩散机制和活性氧化物质产生机理,发展协同化学氧化修复技术体系并推进工程化应用,以及建立化学氧化修复全过程风险监测和评价体系。

四氢姜黄素抗焦虑及抗抑郁作用的机制研究

目的研究四氢姜黄素(THC)抗焦虑及抗抑郁的作用机制。方法将小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组及THC低、中、高剂量组(5、10、20 mg·kg^(-1)),每日将小鼠置离心管中4 h,建立慢性束缚应激抑郁模型;灌胃给予THC,正常组和模型组给予等体积的橄榄油;造模21 d后,进行行为学检测;检测后,处死小鼠,取海马体,用于生化和病理检测。结果THC可明显改善小鼠的多项行为学指标;改善抑郁小鼠海马体内脑源性神经营养因子、Toll样受体-4、白细胞介素-1β、肿瘤坏死因子α、一氧化氮合成酶、离子钙结合衔接分子1蛋白的表达。结论THC可缓解小鼠焦虑及抑郁行为,其机制可能与对海马体的抗炎作用有关。