High Methoxy Pectin (HMP), Sugar Beet Pectin (SBP), Soy Pectin (SOY), and Fructooligosaccharide (FOS, as a positive control) were used to determine fermentation properties considering applicabil-ity as functional food...High Methoxy Pectin (HMP), Sugar Beet Pectin (SBP), Soy Pectin (SOY), and Fructooligosaccharide (FOS, as a positive control) were used to determine fermentation properties considering applicabil-ity as functional foods, particularly related to colon health. Certain beneficial effects of carbohy-drates in humans can be postulated as being due to microorganisms and metabolites (short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)). Fecal samples were collected and incubated anaerobically with HMP, SBP, SOY, and FOS at 37 °C. The average degree of polymerization (DP) of HMP, SBP, and SOY was 492, 3729, and 1510, respectively. Degree of pectin methylation of each sample was 76.0% (HMP), 21.2% (SBP), and 22.8% (SOY). Total SCFAs in SOY showed the highest value compared to other samples, especially having the highest concentration of propionic acid (P < 0.05). While fermentation with FOS showed higher butyrate production, the total SCFAs with SOY, HMP, and SBP were significantly higher than FOS over 30 h (P < 0.05). From the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis, changes of microbiota composition were found. In conclusion, pectin samples, especially soy pectin, stimulated production of total SCFAs and composition of human fecal microbiota was modulated. Therefore, pectin samples may alter the composition of fecal microbiota and improve the colonic health.展开更多
A great deal of attention has been focused on the potential health benefits of using rice bran oil because it is a rich source of bioactive compounds. Rice bran oil deodorizer distillate (RBODD) is a byproduct obtaine...A great deal of attention has been focused on the potential health benefits of using rice bran oil because it is a rich source of bioactive compounds. Rice bran oil deodorizer distillate (RBODD) is a byproduct obtained from distillation of rice bran oil. Elevated plasma cholesterol level is one of the major risk factors for coronary heart disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of tocols (tocopherols + tocotrienols) rich fraction isolated from RBODD on plasma and liver lipid concentrations in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats (6 weeks of age) were randomly assigned into three groups: normal fat control (NFC), high fat control (HFC) and high fat diet plus tocols rich fraction (RBODD). RBODD was administered daily for 3 weeks by oral gavage using 5% of Tween-80 as a vehicle. The rats in the control groups received 5% of Tween-80 alone in the same manner. Blood samples and livers were collected at the end of the feeding period. RBODD group had significantly lower plasma triglyceride levels compared to the HFC group (p < 0.05). However, no significant changes for plasma total and lipoprotein cholesterol levels were found in RBODD compared with HFC. Compared to the rat fed HFC, hepatic free fatty acids were significantly reduced in the rats with the RBODD treatment (p < 0.05). The results suggest that the tocols rich fraction isolated from RBODD is associated with decreased plasma triglyceride and hepatic free fatty acids concentrations. Further study is needed to investigate the mechanism and optimal dose by which isomers of tocols lower triglyceride concentrations.展开更多
文摘High Methoxy Pectin (HMP), Sugar Beet Pectin (SBP), Soy Pectin (SOY), and Fructooligosaccharide (FOS, as a positive control) were used to determine fermentation properties considering applicabil-ity as functional foods, particularly related to colon health. Certain beneficial effects of carbohy-drates in humans can be postulated as being due to microorganisms and metabolites (short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)). Fecal samples were collected and incubated anaerobically with HMP, SBP, SOY, and FOS at 37 °C. The average degree of polymerization (DP) of HMP, SBP, and SOY was 492, 3729, and 1510, respectively. Degree of pectin methylation of each sample was 76.0% (HMP), 21.2% (SBP), and 22.8% (SOY). Total SCFAs in SOY showed the highest value compared to other samples, especially having the highest concentration of propionic acid (P < 0.05). While fermentation with FOS showed higher butyrate production, the total SCFAs with SOY, HMP, and SBP were significantly higher than FOS over 30 h (P < 0.05). From the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis, changes of microbiota composition were found. In conclusion, pectin samples, especially soy pectin, stimulated production of total SCFAs and composition of human fecal microbiota was modulated. Therefore, pectin samples may alter the composition of fecal microbiota and improve the colonic health.
文摘A great deal of attention has been focused on the potential health benefits of using rice bran oil because it is a rich source of bioactive compounds. Rice bran oil deodorizer distillate (RBODD) is a byproduct obtained from distillation of rice bran oil. Elevated plasma cholesterol level is one of the major risk factors for coronary heart disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of tocols (tocopherols + tocotrienols) rich fraction isolated from RBODD on plasma and liver lipid concentrations in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats (6 weeks of age) were randomly assigned into three groups: normal fat control (NFC), high fat control (HFC) and high fat diet plus tocols rich fraction (RBODD). RBODD was administered daily for 3 weeks by oral gavage using 5% of Tween-80 as a vehicle. The rats in the control groups received 5% of Tween-80 alone in the same manner. Blood samples and livers were collected at the end of the feeding period. RBODD group had significantly lower plasma triglyceride levels compared to the HFC group (p < 0.05). However, no significant changes for plasma total and lipoprotein cholesterol levels were found in RBODD compared with HFC. Compared to the rat fed HFC, hepatic free fatty acids were significantly reduced in the rats with the RBODD treatment (p < 0.05). The results suggest that the tocols rich fraction isolated from RBODD is associated with decreased plasma triglyceride and hepatic free fatty acids concentrations. Further study is needed to investigate the mechanism and optimal dose by which isomers of tocols lower triglyceride concentrations.
