For the long-term fortification of warehoused crops, the insecticidal impact of cold plasma treated wheat seeds against red flour beetles are studied.In this study, the gain weight loss,mortality and repellency tests ...For the long-term fortification of warehoused crops, the insecticidal impact of cold plasma treated wheat seeds against red flour beetles are studied.In this study, the gain weight loss,mortality and repellency tests of cold plasma treated seeds are investigated and statistical analysis is carried out by SPSS software.Cold plasma treatment is carried out at 800 V for 1 and 4 min.The results show that the minimum grain weight loss is observed in plasma treated seeds as compared to controlled seeds.It is also observed that the mortality rate is minimum in the controlled seed while maximum at 4 min plasma treatment.Similarly, the repellent effect has a very small variation as compared to the controlled seed for Tribolium Castaneum.Therefore, plasma treatment can be considered as a practical and effective method for seed protection against red floor beetles particularly during long-term storage by controlling the insecticidal effects.展开更多
Low energy metallic ions, generated by a Q-switched Nd：YAG laser （1064-nm wavelength, 10-mJ energy, 9-nm 12-ns-pulse width, 1011 W/cm2 intensity） irradiated on a silicon substrate to modify various properties, such...Low energy metallic ions, generated by a Q-switched Nd：YAG laser （1064-nm wavelength, 10-mJ energy, 9-nm 12-ns-pulse width, 1011 W/cm2 intensity） irradiated on a silicon substrate to modify various properties, such as electrical, morphological, and structural modifications. Thomson parabola technique is used to calculate the energy of these metallic ions whereas the electrical conductivity is calculated with the help of Four-point probe. Interestingly circular tracks forming chain like damage trails are produced via these energetic ions which are carefully examined by optical microscopy. It is observed that excitation, ionization, and cascade collisions are responsible for surface modifications of irradiated samples. Four-point probe analysis revealed that the electrical conductivity of substrate has reduced with increasing trend of atomic number of irradiated metallic ions （A1, Ti, Cu, and Au）. The x-ray diffraction analysis elucidated the crystallographic changes leading to reduction of grain size of N-type silicon substrate, which is also associated with the metallic ions used. The decreasing trend of conductivity and grain size is due to thermal stresses, scattering effect, structural imperfections, and non-uniform conduction of energy absorbed by substrate atoms after the ion irradiation.展开更多
The plane wave pseudo-potential method was used to investigate the structural, electronic, and elastic properties of Cd Se_（1-x）Te_x in the zinc blende phase. It is observed that the electronic properties are improv...The plane wave pseudo-potential method was used to investigate the structural, electronic, and elastic properties of Cd Se_（1-x）Te_x in the zinc blende phase. It is observed that the electronic properties are improved considerably by using LDA ＋ U as compared to the LDA approach. The calculated lattice constants and bulk moduli are also comparable to the experimental results. The cohesive energies for pure Cd Se and Cd Te binary and their mixed alloys are calculated. The second-order elastic constants are also calculated by the Lagrangian theory of elasticity. The elastic properties show that the studied material has a ductile nature.展开更多
文摘For the long-term fortification of warehoused crops, the insecticidal impact of cold plasma treated wheat seeds against red flour beetles are studied.In this study, the gain weight loss,mortality and repellency tests of cold plasma treated seeds are investigated and statistical analysis is carried out by SPSS software.Cold plasma treatment is carried out at 800 V for 1 and 4 min.The results show that the minimum grain weight loss is observed in plasma treated seeds as compared to controlled seeds.It is also observed that the mortality rate is minimum in the controlled seed while maximum at 4 min plasma treatment.Similarly, the repellent effect has a very small variation as compared to the controlled seed for Tribolium Castaneum.Therefore, plasma treatment can be considered as a practical and effective method for seed protection against red floor beetles particularly during long-term storage by controlling the insecticidal effects.
文摘Low energy metallic ions, generated by a Q-switched Nd：YAG laser （1064-nm wavelength, 10-mJ energy, 9-nm 12-ns-pulse width, 1011 W/cm2 intensity） irradiated on a silicon substrate to modify various properties, such as electrical, morphological, and structural modifications. Thomson parabola technique is used to calculate the energy of these metallic ions whereas the electrical conductivity is calculated with the help of Four-point probe. Interestingly circular tracks forming chain like damage trails are produced via these energetic ions which are carefully examined by optical microscopy. It is observed that excitation, ionization, and cascade collisions are responsible for surface modifications of irradiated samples. Four-point probe analysis revealed that the electrical conductivity of substrate has reduced with increasing trend of atomic number of irradiated metallic ions （A1, Ti, Cu, and Au）. The x-ray diffraction analysis elucidated the crystallographic changes leading to reduction of grain size of N-type silicon substrate, which is also associated with the metallic ions used. The decreasing trend of conductivity and grain size is due to thermal stresses, scattering effect, structural imperfections, and non-uniform conduction of energy absorbed by substrate atoms after the ion irradiation.
文摘The plane wave pseudo-potential method was used to investigate the structural, electronic, and elastic properties of Cd Se_（1-x）Te_x in the zinc blende phase. It is observed that the electronic properties are improved considerably by using LDA ＋ U as compared to the LDA approach. The calculated lattice constants and bulk moduli are also comparable to the experimental results. The cohesive energies for pure Cd Se and Cd Te binary and their mixed alloys are calculated. The second-order elastic constants are also calculated by the Lagrangian theory of elasticity. The elastic properties show that the studied material has a ductile nature.
