Coordinated responses of leaf and nodule traits contribute to the accumulation of N in relay intercropped soybean

Maize(Zea mays L.)-soybean(Glycine max L.Merr.)relay intercropping provides a way to enhance land productivity.However,the late-planted soybean suffers from shading by the maize.After maize harvest,how the recovery growth influences the leaf and nodule traits remains unclear.A three-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of genotypes,i.e.,supernodulating(nts1007),Nandou 12(ND12),and Guixia 3(GX3),and crop configurations,i.e.,the interspecific row spacing of 45(I45),60(I60),75 cm(I75),and sole soybean(SS),on soybean recovery growth and N fixation.The results showed that intercropping reduced the soybean total leaf area(LA)by reducing both the leaf number(LN)and unit leaflet area(LUA),and it reduced the nodule dry weight(NW)by reducing both the nodule number(NN)and nodule diameter(ND)compared with the SS.The correlation and principal component analysis(PCA)indicated a co-variability of the leaf and nodule traits in response to the genotype and crop configuration interactions.During the recovery growth stages,the compensatory growth promoted soybean growth to reduce the gaps of leaf and nodule traits between intercropping and SS.The relative growth rates of ureide(RGR_U)and nitrogen(RGR_N)accumulation were higher in intercropping than in SS.Intercropping achieved more significant sucrose and starch contents compared with SS.ND12 and GX3 showed more robust compensatory growth than nts1007 in intercropping.Although the recovery growth of relay intercropping soybean improved biomass and nitrogen accumulation,ND12 gained a more significant partial land equivalent ratio(pLER)than GX3.The I60 treatment achieved more robust compensation effects on biomass and N accumulation than the other configurations.Meanwhile,I60 showed a higher nodule sucrose content and greater shoot ureide and N accumulation than SS.Finally,intercropping ND12 with maize using an interspecific row spacing of 60 cm was optimal for both yield advantage and N accumulation.

建筑工程桩基承载力检测试验的监理要点

建筑工程桩基检测工作对于控制桩基工程质量具有重要作用。基于桩基工程质量检测市场现状,从监理工程师监督管理角度出发,在了解基本试验原理的基础上,研究和分析建筑工程桩基承载力检测试验管控的主要内容。监理工程师应从检测抽检数量、加载反力装置及配置与仪器仪表安装及检测数据分析等方面进行监督管理,使桩基在检测试验全过程中的每一个环节都能正常、合理的进行,并且使桩基工程检测质量能够达到规范要求,保证建筑物整体的安全性。

958例住院早产儿低血糖的危险因素分析

目的 评估早产儿发生低血糖的危险因素,以期为其血糖管理提供依据。方法 回顾性分析2019年1-12月入住某院新生儿重症监护室的胎龄<37周的早产儿的临床资料,其中以血糖<2.2 mmol/L为低血糖组,血糖正常者为正常组,分析筛选早产儿低血糖的危险因素。结果 两组早产儿在出生体重、分娩方式、是否为小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age infant, SGA)及孕母是否存在高血压、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期甲状腺功能减退等因素上的差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。SGA(OR=1.579)、妊娠期高血压(OR=1.872)、妊娠期糖尿病(OR=2.937)和妊娠期甲状腺功减退(OR=1.727)是早产儿低血糖的独立危险因素(均P<0.05),顺产(OR=0.509)是其保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 临床上应加强SGA和孕母存在妊娠期高血压、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期甲状腺功能减退的早产儿的血糖管理,以防止低血糖的发生。

Maize-soybean relay cropping increases soybean yield synergistically by extending the post-anthesis leaf stay-green period and accelerating grain filling

Relay cropping of Poaceae and Fabaceae promotes high yield and land-use efficiency by allowing a double harvest.However,it is difficult to increase yield synergistically because of the reduced photosynthetic abilities of legume leaves under the shade of graminoids.Leaf photosynthetic capacity in relay cropping systems is associated with ecological niche differentiation and photosynthetic compensation after restoration of normal light.We conducted a field experiment in southwest China in 2020–2021 to evaluate the effects of three cropping patterns:maize–soybean relay cropping(IMS),monoculture maize(MM),and monoculture soybean(SS),and N application levels:no N application(NN:0 kg N ha^(−1)),reduced N(RN:180 kg N ha^(−1)),and conventional N(CN:240 kg N ha^(−1)).Compared to monocropping,relay cropping increased the stay-green traits of maize and soybean by 13%and 89%,respectively.Relay cropping prolonged the leaf stay-green duration in the maize and soybean lag phase by almost 4 and 8 days,respectively.Relay cropping maize(IM)increased the leaf area index(LAI)by 79.4%to 88.5%under NN and 55.5%to 148%under RN.Relay cropping soybean(IS)increased the LAI from 115%to 437%at days 40 to 50 after anthesis.IM increased yield by 65.6%.IS increased yield by 9.7%.HI and system yield were at their highest values under RN.In the relay cropping system,reduced N application extended green leaf duration,increased photosynthesis inside the canopy at multiple levels,ultimately increases soybean yield synergistically.

厚煤层综放工作面煤柱稳定性评价及控制技术

为解决厚煤层综放工作面区段煤柱失稳破坏问题,保障采掘工作正常接续,以韩城矿区桑树坪二号井3304工作面区段煤柱为研究对象,建立力学模型求解确定塑性区宽度,采用FLAC^(3D)数值模拟研究工作面侧向支承压力分布规律,综合分析不同宽度区段煤柱主应力差分布特征,据此针对性提出区段煤柱补强支护方案,并开展工业性试验,试验回采期间巷道围岩收敛量均处于允许范围内。研究结果表明:在工作面前方,现有宽度为10m的区段煤柱稳定性较好,煤体具有一定承载能力,但在工作面推采后,仍不可避免存在大范围片帮问题,根据煤柱帮变形破坏特征,在原有支护参数基础上,提出巷道煤柱帮锚索补强支护,可有效减少巷道两帮收敛变形,实现巷道围岩稳定性及次生灾害的综合控制。研究结果对类似开采条件下综放工作面区段煤柱稳定性控制具有一定参考价值。

坤泰洗剂体外抗阴道毛滴虫的效果

探讨坤泰洗剂体外抗阴道毛滴虫的作用。体外培养阴道毛滴虫,选择坤泰洗剂进行体外抗阴道毛滴虫实验,坤泰洗液浓度经倍比稀释分别为1∶1、1∶2、1∶4、1∶8、1∶16,同时以甲硝唑、洁尔阴洗液为阳性对照,RPMI-1640为阴性对照。实验表明坤泰洗剂在24 h时杀死阴道毛滴虫的最低稀释倍数为1∶8,其杀虫效果与甲硝唑无统计学差异;但对阴道毛滴虫的抑制作用强于洁尔阴洗液,可见坤泰洗剂在体外具有显著的抑制阴道毛滴虫的作用。

分布式光纤传感在铁路通信光缆盗挖告警中的应用

与目前应用的光缆防护技术相比,分布式光纤传感具有成本较低、灵敏度高、抗电磁干扰、可复用、分布式连续测量等优点,因此,提出了一种基于分布式光纤传感的铁路通信光缆盗挖告警方法。该方法通过提取振动信号的时域特征和小波域特征作为特征向量,来识别盗挖过程中产生的振动事件类型。同时,还设计了一种两级振动模式识别方案,在正常情况下,系统只对时域特征进行监测,当时域特征的值超出设定的阈值时,再联合小波域特征进行模式识别。由此,提出的方法可以减少大量复杂的小波域变换计算,提高算法的时效性。

STING及相关免疫抑制因子在宫颈癌中的表达及相关性分析

目的观察干扰素刺激因子(STING)及其相关免疫抑制因子CCL22、IDO、IL-10在高危型人类乳头瘤病毒(HRHPV)阳性宫颈鳞状细胞癌(CSCC)及癌前病变组织中的表达情况,探讨STING对CSCC肿瘤微环境的调节作用及对肿瘤进展的影响。方法收集58例宫颈组织标本,其中正常宫颈组织20例作为对照组,HR-HPV阳性的CIN Ⅱ9例及CIN Ⅲ9例作为癌前病变组,HR-HPV阳性的CSCC 20例作为CSCC组。用Western blot检测在各宫颈组织中STING蛋白水平的表达;荧光定量PCR检测STING、CCL22、IDO、IL-10 mRNA在各宫颈组织中的表达。结果宫颈病变组织中STING蛋白的表达量较正常宫颈组织明显增加(P<0.05),且其在正常宫颈、CIN Ⅱ~Ⅲ、CSCC中的表达呈现逐渐上升趋势。STING、CCL22、IDO、IL-10 mRNA在宫颈病变组织中的表达较正常宫颈均明显上调(P<0.05),且其表达量随病变进展而增加。在宫颈病变组织中,STING mRNA的表达与CCL22 mRNA、IDO mRNA分别呈正相关,与IL-10 mRNA无明显相关性。结论在宫颈癌中,STING表达的上调,可能通过促进CCL22、IDO的释放,加剧肿瘤微环境中局部免疫的失衡,从而参与HR-HPV致癌的进程。

东北边境地区啮齿动物中新埃立克体感染调查及groEL基因序列分析

目的了解东北地区啮齿动物新埃立克体(Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis,Nm)感染及基因型分布情况。方法采用巢式PCR检测从辽宁省宽甸、吉林省集安林区及黑龙江省密山耕地捕获的啮齿动物中Nm groEL DNA,对阳性扩增产物进行测序和遗传进化分析。结果 PCR检测鼠脾标本共181份,阳性5份,阳性率为2.76%。不同地区及不同鼠种Nm检出阳性率无明显差异。遗传进化分析显示,从宽甸、集安黑线姬鼠和大林姬鼠检出的5份Nm groEL基因序列与俄罗斯亚洲地区以及我国东北地区Nm同源性最高,基因型为ClusterⅠ型。结论我国东北东部边境地区鼠类存在Nm感染,可能存在Nm自然疫源地。

婴儿睡眠问题的影响因素及评估干预策略的研究进展

随着睡眠学科在世界范围内的快速发展及全民健康意识的提升,婴儿睡眠问题亦日益受到国内外学者及家长的关注。Mindell等[1]对超过10个不同国家的10085名0~5岁婴幼儿睡眠进行调查发现,婴儿睡眠问题的发生率为47.2%,明显高于学龄前儿童。婴儿良好的睡眠对其体格、认知、气质发育及神经运动形成有重要意义[2],持续的婴儿睡眠问题会对婴儿及其家庭造成诸多不良影响[3]。近年来,如何有效改善婴儿睡眠问题,缓解母亲产后不良情绪已成为困扰家长的主要问题[4],因此,使用正确的方式评估婴儿睡眠问题并采取合适的干预措施进行干预十分重要。本文从婴儿睡眠问题的定义、危害、影响因素、评估工具及干预策略等方面进行综述,以期为加强婴儿睡眠管理、改善婴儿睡眠质量、促进婴儿生长发育提供借鉴与参考。

新生儿重症监护室护士对家庭参与式护理的认知及态度的研究进展

该文概述了家庭参与式护理模式,对新生儿重症监护室护士对家庭参与式护理的认知及态度现状等方面进行综述,提出加强护士培训与教育,发展专业人才;有效利用人力资源,加强多学科合作;积极研发评估护士家庭参与式护理认知及态度的工具等建议,为进一步推进临床家庭参与式护理应用及完善相关研究提供参考。

Clinical online nomogram for predicting prognosis in recurrent hepatolithiasis after biliary surgery:A multicenter,retrospective study

BACKGROUND Methods for predicting the prognosis of patients undergoing surgery for recurrent hepatolithiasis after biliary surgery are currently lacking.AIM To establish a nomogram to predict the prognosis of patients with recurrent hepatolithiasis after biliary surgery.METHODS In this multicenter,retrospective study,data of consecutive patients in four large medical centers who underwent surgery for recurrent hepatolithiasis after biliary surgery were retrospectively analyzed.We constructed a nomogram to predict the prognosis of recurrent hepatolithiasis in a training cohort of 299 patients,following which we independently tested the nomogram in an external validation cohort of 142 patients.Finally,we used the concordance index(C-index),calibration,area under curve,decision curve analysis,clinical impact curves,and visual fit indices to evaluate the accuracy of the nomogram.RESULTS Multiple previous surgeries[2 surgeries:Odds ratio(95%confidence interval),1.451(0.719-2.932);3 surgeries:4.573(2.015-10.378);≥4 surgeries:5.741(1.347-24.470)],bilateral hepatolithiasis[1.965(1.039-3.717)],absence of immediate clearance[2.398(1.304-4.409)],neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio≥2.462[1.915(1.099-3.337)],and albumin-to-globulin ratio≤1.5[1.949(1.056-3.595)]were found to be independent factors influencing the prognosis.The nomogram constructed on the basis of these variables showed good reliability in the training(C-index:0.748)and validation(C-index:0.743)cohorts.Compared with predictions using traditional classification models,those using our nomogram showed better agreement with actual observations in the calibration curve for the probability of endpoints and the receiver operating characteristic curve.Dichloroacetate and clinical impact curves showed a larger net benefit of the nomogram.CONCLUSION The nomogram developed in this study demonstrated superior performance and discriminative power compared to the three traditional classifications.It is easy to use,highly accurate,and shows excellent calibration.

Nomogram based on inflammation-related markers for predicting survival of patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND Previous nomograms for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)did not include the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)or platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR).This study aimed to establish an effective nomogram capable of estimating the association between preoperative inflammatory factors and overall survival(OS)of HCC patients after hepatectomy.AIM To analyse the factors affecting the prognosis of HCC and establish a nomogram.METHODS A total of 626 HCC patients(410 training set patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University and 216 validation set patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China)underwent hepatectomy from January 2014 to December 2017 and were followed up every 3–6 mo.The nomogram was based on OS-related independent risk factors identified by Cox regression analysis.The C-index,calibration curve,and area under the curve(AUC)were used to evaluate the nomogram’s accuracy.RESULTS The 1-,2-and 3-year OS rates were 79.0%,68.0%and 45.4%in the training cohort(median OS=34 mo)and 92.1%,73.9%and 51.2%in the validation cohort(median OS=38 mo).Higherα-fetoprotein[hazard ratio(HR)=1.812,95%confidence interval(CI):1.343–2.444],NLR(HR=2.480,95%CI:1.856–3.312)and PLR(HR=1.974,95%CI:1.490–2.616),tumour size≥5 cm(HR=1.323,95%CI:1.002–1.747),and poor differentiation(HR=3.207,95%CI:1.944–5.290)were significantly associated with shortened OS.The developed nomogram integrating these variables showed good reliability in both the training(C-index=0.71)and validation cohorts(C-index=0.75).For predicting 1-,2-and 3-year OS,the nomogram had AUCs of 0.781,0.743 and 0.706 in the training cohort and 0.789,0.815 and 0.813 in the validation cohort.The nomogram was more accurate in predicting prognosis than the AJCC TNM staging system.CONCLUSION The prognostic nomogram combining pathological characteristics and inflammation indicators could provide a more accurate individualized risk estimate for the OS of HCC patients with hepatectomy.

基于ASPEN及FLUENT的危险废弃物焚烧工艺模拟及应用

基于ASPEN及FLUENT仿真模拟软件,探究了工艺参数及结构参数对危险废弃物焚烧工艺的影响。结果表明,过量空气系数及原料含水率(热值)是回转窑出口烟气参数的主要影响因素,对于同一含水量的原料,随着过量空气系数的增加,回转窑出口烟气温度先上升后下降,并在过量空气系数为1时达到最大值;燃烧器的布置位置是二燃室内温度场及流场分布的决定性因素,根据二燃室结构采取的合理的燃烧器布置方式能够保证二燃室内温度场及流场的均匀性。

Online calculator for predicting the risk of malignancy in patients with pancreatic cystic neoplasms: A multicenter, retrospective study

BACKGROUND Efficient and practical methods for predicting the risk of malignancy in patients with pancreatic cystic neoplasms(PCNs)are lacking.AIM To establish a nomogram-based online calculator for predicting the risk of malignancy in patients with PCNs.METHODS In this study,the clinicopathological data of target patients in three medical centers were analyzed.The independent sample t-test,Mann–Whitney U test or chi-squared test were used as appropriate for statistical analysis.After univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis,five independent factors were screened and incorporated to develop a calculator for predicting the risk of malignancy.Finally,the concordance index(C-index),calibration,area under the curve,decision curve analysis and clinical impact curves were used to evaluate the performance of the calculator.RESULTS Enhanced mural nodules[odds ratio(OR):4.314;95%confidence interval(CI):1.618–11.503,P=0.003],tumor diameter≥40 mm(OR:3.514;95%CI:1.138–10.849,P=0.029),main pancreatic duct dilatation(OR:3.267;95%CI:1.230–8.678,P=0.018),preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio≥2.288(OR:2.702;95%CI:1.008–7.244,P=0.048],and preoperative serum CA19-9 concentration≥34 U/mL(OR:3.267;95%CI:1.274–13.007,P=0.018)were independent risk factors for a high risk of malignancy in patients with PCNs.In the training cohort,the nomogram achieved a C-index of 0.824 for predicting the risk of malignancy.The predictive ability of the model was then validated in an external cohort(C-index:0.893).Compared with the risk factors identified in the relevant guidelines,the current model showed better predictive performance and clinical utility.CONCLUSION The calculator demonstrates optimal predictive performance for identifying the risk of malignancy,potentially yielding a personalized method for patient selection and decision-making in clinical practice.

一种模式可配置的单精度浮点乘法器设计

提出了一种模式可配置的单精度浮点乘法器设计方案。利用90 nm互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal oxide semiconductor,CMOS)工艺设计了基于原码一位乘法、基4-Booth算法和Wallace树型算法等3种常用定点数乘法的浮点乘法器,测试了3种乘法器的性能。在乘法器的尾数乘法部分添加模式选择模块,根据应用场景对频率、功耗和面积3个性能的不同需求选择和切换相应的算法,以满足不同应用对对处理器性能的要求。实验结果表明,与ifpmul32方法相比,所提设计的延时降低了57%,最低功耗降低了76.6%。与粗粒度可重构处理器实现的浮点乘法器相比,计算一次浮点乘法所需时钟周期数平均减少了87.3%。

循环经济视角下酿酒副产物的综合利用现状分析

酿酒行业为我国的传统发酵行业,与老百姓的生活密切相关。由于酿酒行业的特殊性以及在不同的地区工艺技术和管理水平各不相同,致使该行业一直处于高能耗、高污染、低效率的状态。为了缓解这一现状,本文站在循环经济视角下对酿酒副产物的综合利用进行深入探讨,系统阐述了酿酒副产物在循环经济模式中的研究和应用现状、可行性策略以及对未来的展望,为酿酒行业未来的生态发展提供了新的理论思路,为其他行业的可持续发展提供了参考依据,为我国经济社会未来的发展提供了有益借鉴。

浅谈利用测量不确定度对金属紧固件测量结果进行符合性判定

符合性判定是根据检测对象的测量结果判断其特定参数是否满足相关标准或规范要求的一种活动,测量不确定度是与测量结果相关联的一个参数,其定量说明了测量结果的质量,表明了被测量值的分散性,是测量结果的组成部分,也是检测结果判定时需要考虑的重要内容。本文以金属紧固件测试为例,浅析如何利用测量不确定度对测量结果进行符合性判定。

矿井81043工作面供电设计研究

近些年,随着我国矿产资源应用频度的逐年增长,矿企不得不扩大生产规模和生产产能,用电设备的增加是无可厚非的.电力是现代化矿井工作面生产的主要能源,工作面设备用电的安全性是提高产能效率的关键.因此,为满足矿井生产的需要,有必要对我矿井81043工作面的供电系统进行研究设计,利用科学的手段,确保矿井的用电安全,以此推进矿企的可持续化生产进程.

HEVC帧内预测Planar和DC模式的VLSI架构设计

在对新一代高效视频编码(High Efficiency Video Coding,HEVC)帧内预测Planar和DC模式算法分析的基础上,分别提出了高效的超大规模集成电路(Very Large Scale Integration Circuit,VLSI)设计方案,旨在解决处理延时较长、资源占用较大的问题。针对Planar模式,提出一种在重组、合并算法的基础上,预测块复用的架构;针对DC模式,提出一种dcValue计算和滤波的基本块分离、各自复用不同块的架构。实验结果表明:所提架构与其他两种同类型架构相比,Planar模式实现平均处理延时减少了21%,资源消耗分别减少了14.7%和7%;DC模式实现平均处理延时减少了55%,同时资源消耗减少了22%和15%,能够满足1 920×1 080@30 f/s视频序列实时编码的需求。