Silicon anodes are promising for use in lithium-ion batteries.However,their practical application is severely limited by their large volume expansion leading to irreversible material fracture and electrical disconnect...Silicon anodes are promising for use in lithium-ion batteries.However,their practical application is severely limited by their large volume expansion leading to irreversible material fracture and electrical disconnects.This study proposes a new top-down strategy for preparing microsize porous silicon and introduces polyacrylonitrile(PAN)for a nitrogen-doped carbon coating,which is designed to maintain the internal pore volume and lower the expansion of the anode during lithiation and delithiation.We then explore the effect of temperature on the evolution of the structure of PAN and the electrochemical behavior of the composite electrode.After treatment at 400℃,the PAN coating retains a high nitrogen content of 11.35 at%,confirming the presence of C—N and C—O bonds that improve the ionic-electronic transport properties.This treatment not only results in a more intact carbon layer structure,but also introduces carbon defects,and produces a material that has remarkable stable cycling even at high rates.When cycled at 4 A g^(-1),the anode had a specific capacity of 857.6 mAh g^(-1) even after 200 cycles,demonstrating great potential for high-capacity energy storage applications.展开更多
针对大型设备混流装配过程中的多人协同、多工种等特点,提出基于双深度Q网络(double deep Q network, DDQN)的多人协同混流装配线平衡优化算法.首先以工作站和工人数量、工人与工作站间的负载为优化目标,建立多人协同混流装配线平衡问...针对大型设备混流装配过程中的多人协同、多工种等特点,提出基于双深度Q网络(double deep Q network, DDQN)的多人协同混流装配线平衡优化算法.首先以工作站和工人数量、工人与工作站间的负载为优化目标,建立多人协同混流装配线平衡问题的多目标优化数学模型.其次,根据装配过程中生产对象的特征设计状态空间,并根据启发式规则设计动作空间,结合优化目标设计奖励函数,从而将数学模型转化为马尔科夫决策模型.在此基础上,对传统DDQN算法进行改进,采用自适应探索概率完成动作决策,并设计基于工人利用率的解码方法.最后,通过混流装配线标准测试实例以及多人协同混流装配线测试实例,将DDQN算法与改进离散水波优化算法和模拟退火算法进行对比,验证算法的寻优精度以及模型的有效性.同时,在车身混流装配实际案例中采用DDQN算法进行平衡优化,验证算法的有效性和实用性.展开更多
文摘Silicon anodes are promising for use in lithium-ion batteries.However,their practical application is severely limited by their large volume expansion leading to irreversible material fracture and electrical disconnects.This study proposes a new top-down strategy for preparing microsize porous silicon and introduces polyacrylonitrile(PAN)for a nitrogen-doped carbon coating,which is designed to maintain the internal pore volume and lower the expansion of the anode during lithiation and delithiation.We then explore the effect of temperature on the evolution of the structure of PAN and the electrochemical behavior of the composite electrode.After treatment at 400℃,the PAN coating retains a high nitrogen content of 11.35 at%,confirming the presence of C—N and C—O bonds that improve the ionic-electronic transport properties.This treatment not only results in a more intact carbon layer structure,but also introduces carbon defects,and produces a material that has remarkable stable cycling even at high rates.When cycled at 4 A g^(-1),the anode had a specific capacity of 857.6 mAh g^(-1) even after 200 cycles,demonstrating great potential for high-capacity energy storage applications.
文摘针对大型设备混流装配过程中的多人协同、多工种等特点,提出基于双深度Q网络(double deep Q network, DDQN)的多人协同混流装配线平衡优化算法.首先以工作站和工人数量、工人与工作站间的负载为优化目标,建立多人协同混流装配线平衡问题的多目标优化数学模型.其次,根据装配过程中生产对象的特征设计状态空间,并根据启发式规则设计动作空间,结合优化目标设计奖励函数,从而将数学模型转化为马尔科夫决策模型.在此基础上,对传统DDQN算法进行改进,采用自适应探索概率完成动作决策,并设计基于工人利用率的解码方法.最后,通过混流装配线标准测试实例以及多人协同混流装配线测试实例,将DDQN算法与改进离散水波优化算法和模拟退火算法进行对比,验证算法的寻优精度以及模型的有效性.同时,在车身混流装配实际案例中采用DDQN算法进行平衡优化,验证算法的有效性和实用性.
