早发型与晚发型视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病患者的临床特点分析

目的:分析早发型(EO-NMOSDs)与晚发型视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病患者(LO-NMOSDs)不同的临床特征。方法:纳入2015年1月至2022年12月海南医学院第一附属医院收治的51例首次在我院确诊的视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病患者,根据发病年龄是否≥50岁分为EO-NMOSDs组22例和LO-NMOSDs组29例。统计分析两组患者的基本资料、扩展残疾状态量表(EDSS)评分、血和脑脊液化验指标。结果:两组间在人口学特征、临床特征及血清AQP-4抗体阳性率方面均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),在甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白A、载脂蛋白B和脂蛋白a上有统计学差异(分别为P=0.010、P=0.048、P=0.014、P=0.061、P=0.001),以及脑脊液乳酸脱氢酶、微量蛋白定量和EDSS评分有统计学差异(分别为P=0.018、P=0.034、P=0.025),其中LO-NMOSDs脑脊液微量蛋白定量的水平与患者残疾程度有一定的相关性(r=0.52,P<0.03)。结论:LO-NMOSDs与EO-NMOSDs组患者具有相似的人口统计学特征、血清AQP-4抗体阳性率及临床特征,但与EO-NMOSDs相比,LO-NMOSDs组患者易患有脂质代谢异常,脑脊液中有较高的微量蛋白以及更易致残,并且在LO-NMOSDs中,脑脊液微量蛋白越高,患者的致残状况越重。

Clinical characteristics of patients with early-and late-onset optic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease

Objective:To analyze the different clinical features of patients with early-onset(EO-NMOSDs)and late-onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum diseases(LO-NMOSDs).Methods:A total of 51patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease who were diagnosed in our hospital for the first time from January 2015 to December 2022 were included in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College and divided into 22 cases in the EO-NMOSDs group and 29 cases in the LO-NMOSDs group according to whether the age of onset was 50 years old.The basic data,Extended Disability Status Scale(EDSS)score,blood and cerebrospinal fluid test indicators of the two groups were statistically analyzed.Results:There were no significant differences in demographic characteristics,clinical features and serum AQP-4 antibody positivity rate between the two groups(all P>0.05),and there were significant differences in triglycerides(TG),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),apolipoprotein A(APOA),apolipoprotein B(APOB)and lipoprotein a(P=0.010,P=0.048,P=0.014,P=0.061,P=0.001,respectively),and cerebrospinal fluid LDH,There were significant differences between microprotein quantification and EDSS score(P=0.018,P=0.034,P=0.025,respectively),and the level of microprotein quantification in cerebrospinal fluid of LO-NMOSDs had a certain correlation with the degree of disability(r=0.52,P<0.03).Conclusion:LO-NMOSDs and EO-NMOSDs group patients have similar demographic characteristics,serum AQP-4 antibody positive rate and clinical features,but compared with EO-NMOSDs,patients in LO-NMOSDs group are prone to abnormal lipid metabolism,higher trace proteins in cerebrospinal fluid and more likely to be disabled,and among LO-NMOSDs,the higher the trace protein in the cerebrospinal fluid,the more severe the disability status of patients.

优秀男子100 m仰泳运动员比赛技术特征的研究

以2017、2019年世界游泳锦标赛中男子100 m仰泳决赛运动员的比赛数据和技术分析为依据,利用视频解析法、数理统计法、个案分析法等研究方法,分析运动员的比赛数据参数及技术特征,进一步了解目前世界级男子仰泳运动员的技术特点,找到技术发展趋势,为今后我国男子100 m仰泳项目提供数据支撑和技术方向。结果表明:两届世锦赛男子100 m仰泳决赛运动员的转身15 m用时有显著性差异(P值为0.041<0.05),呈减少趋势;出发15 m时间出现增加的趋势,其余指标均呈现出逐步减少的趋势。结论:新式仰泳出发技术已逐渐占据赛场的主导地位;途中游阶段2019年世锦赛的划频较2017年快,运动员两届世锦赛划幅无明显差异,游速均呈前快后慢的趋势;冲刺5 m用时呈减少的趋势。建议:注意加强下肢爆发力、提高运动员的蹬壁效果、通过提高水下蝶泳腿技术等方法缩短出发及转身15 m时间;在保证游速的情况下依据运动员个体差异对划频划幅组合进行合理调整;加强终点加速冲刺能力、强化运动员冲刺5 m加速到边意识。