Hydrological studies for sizing urban drainage systems in the Amazon have often been neglected and little investigated for rainwater projects. This research evaluated alternative hydrological models used in sizing urb...Hydrological studies for sizing urban drainage systems in the Amazon have often been neglected and little investigated for rainwater projects. This research evaluated alternative hydrological models used in sizing urban drainage network projects in subdivisions with subsidized houses in the Amazonian region in Brazil. Statistical tests of these models were performed for both original and alternative scenarios. The methodological steps we conducted as follows: 1) evaluate the dimensioning of infrastructure project networks, considering two case studies contemplated by the Calha Norte Program (CNP) in the state of Amapá;2) test the statistical significance of the dimensioning of network diameters (α < 0.05), considering a) benchmark project (MD or M1) approved by the Ministry of Defense;b) determination of concentration time (C<sub>t</sub>) and rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships, as well as estimating diameters using alternative models. The results indicated a significant influence on the diameters of the projected rainfall networks (p < 0.05), suggesting that alternative models predicted more unfavorable flow peaks than the original model. We conclude that the benchmarking model underestimated the diameter of the project compared to alternative models, which means the optimized C<sub>t</sub> parameter significantly impacts dimensioning estimates in rainwater projects in these Amazonian municipalities. This suggests that underestimated parameters in MD may cause inefficiency in the stormwater system projects in future similar scenarios.展开更多
Drainage system is a poorly investigated basic sanitation and urban planning issue in the Amazon, which is often related to flooding processes and public health. The aim of the present research is to correlate Prelimi...Drainage system is a poorly investigated basic sanitation and urban planning issue in the Amazon, which is often related to flooding processes and public health. The aim of the present research is to correlate Preliminary Risk of Flooding (PRF) to independent variables, based on the following methodology: 1) identifying and classifying risk areas by using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and 2) statistically correlating risk to sanitary and environmental variables. Results have shown that preliminary risk is correlated to, at least, seven sanitary and environmental variables, depending on flood influence area;and there are significant correlations observed in the rainy season interval [probability or significance (p) 0.05]. In conclusion, PRF is higher in the rainy season, but it is spatially influenced by the elevation of terrain, number of flooding points, drainage typology and Environmental Salubrity Index (ESI) of neighborhoods, which directly affect the water quality in nearby groundwater wells (Total Coliforms, nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub>) and ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>)). However, this influence can eventually significantly change in the dry season.展开更多
文摘Hydrological studies for sizing urban drainage systems in the Amazon have often been neglected and little investigated for rainwater projects. This research evaluated alternative hydrological models used in sizing urban drainage network projects in subdivisions with subsidized houses in the Amazonian region in Brazil. Statistical tests of these models were performed for both original and alternative scenarios. The methodological steps we conducted as follows: 1) evaluate the dimensioning of infrastructure project networks, considering two case studies contemplated by the Calha Norte Program (CNP) in the state of Amapá;2) test the statistical significance of the dimensioning of network diameters (α < 0.05), considering a) benchmark project (MD or M1) approved by the Ministry of Defense;b) determination of concentration time (C<sub>t</sub>) and rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships, as well as estimating diameters using alternative models. The results indicated a significant influence on the diameters of the projected rainfall networks (p < 0.05), suggesting that alternative models predicted more unfavorable flow peaks than the original model. We conclude that the benchmarking model underestimated the diameter of the project compared to alternative models, which means the optimized C<sub>t</sub> parameter significantly impacts dimensioning estimates in rainwater projects in these Amazonian municipalities. This suggests that underestimated parameters in MD may cause inefficiency in the stormwater system projects in future similar scenarios.
文摘Drainage system is a poorly investigated basic sanitation and urban planning issue in the Amazon, which is often related to flooding processes and public health. The aim of the present research is to correlate Preliminary Risk of Flooding (PRF) to independent variables, based on the following methodology: 1) identifying and classifying risk areas by using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and 2) statistically correlating risk to sanitary and environmental variables. Results have shown that preliminary risk is correlated to, at least, seven sanitary and environmental variables, depending on flood influence area;and there are significant correlations observed in the rainy season interval [probability or significance (p) 0.05]. In conclusion, PRF is higher in the rainy season, but it is spatially influenced by the elevation of terrain, number of flooding points, drainage typology and Environmental Salubrity Index (ESI) of neighborhoods, which directly affect the water quality in nearby groundwater wells (Total Coliforms, nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub>) and ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>)). However, this influence can eventually significantly change in the dry season.
