Research Status and Application Prospect of Aluminum Matrix Composites

Aluminum matrix composite is one of the most attractive metal matrix composites.It is a kind of material with strong vitality emerging in response to the needs of modern scientific development.Compared with traditional materials,aluminum matrix composites have the advantages of low density,good electric conductivity and heat conductivity,good wear resistance and oxidation resistance,high specific strength and stiffness,high temperature resistance,good heat treatment performance and flexible preparation process,which make them widely used in the fields of aviation,aerospace,and automobile.In this paper,the factors affecting the properties of aluminum matrix composites,the strengthening mechanism,classification and preparation methods of aluminum matrix composites are summarized.The research status,development direction and application prospect of aluminum matrix composites are briefly introduced.

Study of copper-cysteamine based X-ray induced photodynamic therapy and its effects on cancer cell proliferation and migration in a clinical mimic setting

Copper-cysteamine as a new generation of sensitizers can be activated by light,X-rays,microwaves,or ultrasound to produce reactive oxygen species.X-ray induced photodynamic therapy(X-PDT)has been studied extensively;however,most of the studies reported so far were conducted in the laboratory,which is not conducive to the clinical translation conditions.In this contribution,for the first time,we investigated the treatment efficiency of copper-cysteamine(Cu-Cy)based X-PDT by mimicking the clinical conditions with a clinical linear accelerator and building deep-seated tumor models to study not only the effectiveness but also its effects on the cell migration and proliferation in the level of the cell,tissue,and animal.The results showed that,without X-ray irradiation,Cu-Cy nanoparticles(NPs)had a low toxicity in HepG2,SK-HEP-1,Li-7,and 4T1 cells at a concentration below 100 mg/L.Interestingly,for the first time,it was observed that Cu-Cy mediated X-PDT can inhibit the proliferation and migration of these cell lines in a dose-dependent manner.Antigen markers of migration and cell proliferation,proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)and E-cadherin,from tumor tissue in the X-PDT group were remarkably different from that of the control group.Furthermore,the MRI assessment showed that the Cu-Cy based X-PDT inhibited the growth of deeply located tumors in mice and rabbits(p<0.05)without any obvious toxicities in vivo.Overall,these new findings demonstrate that Cu-Cy NPs have a safe and promising clinical application prospect in X-PDT to improve the efficiency of radiotherapy(RT)for deep-seated tumors and effectively inhibit tumor cell proliferation and migration.