Excitation and decay dynamics of 1s2s inner-shell double-vacancy states of neon atoms

The photo-excitation and Auger decay processes of inner-shell double vacancy states 1s2s2p^6（1,3^S）3s3p of neutral neon atoms have been studied theoretically. Multi-configuration Dirac-Fock （MCDF） calculations have been carried out, with electron correlation effects taken into consideration. The relaxation of core and excited orbitals and configuration interaction are found to be crucial to creating the double vacancy states by single photo-absorption. The predominant decay paths for the double vacancy states turn out to be of the LLM Auger decay to 1s 2s^22p^53s（3p）, KLL Auger decay to 1s^22s2p^43s3p, and KLM Auger decay to 1s^22p^63s（3p）. They lead to further Auger decay, creating the neon ions of multiple charge states. For both double and single vacancy states the spectator type of Auger process is dominated in all the Auger decay processes. Theoretical Anger electron spectra are presented for further investigations, experimental and theoretical.

TIME-RESOLVED X-RAY SPECTRA AND ATOMIC PROCESSES

In this article we will discuss time-resolved He-like X-ray spectra of titanium ions from a TFTR tokamak plasma[1] and of iron ions from solar flares[2] in particular attention to a presence of high energy electrons which affect the spectra and ionization balances.We consider a model that a hot component interacts with a bulk plasma.With this model,the time evolution of the spectra and ionization balaces derived therefrom can be described consistently.

Validation of Spectrophotometric Hemoglobin Measurement with a Pulse Co-Oximeter in Cases of Massive Hemorrhage

Purpose: The accuracy of spectrophotometric hemoglobin (SpHb) measurement with a pulse co-oximeter was analyzed in cases of intraoperative massive hemorrhage and compared with Hb levels determined through blood gas analysis (LabHb) as a reference. We aimed to determine the extent to which in vivo adjustment (ADJ) for results of initial blood gas analysis would improve the accuracy of SpHb measurement. Methods: Data on LabHb and SpHb levels were collected from cases with hemorrhage of 1000 g or more. Correlations and Bland-Altman analyses were used to determine the associations between data before and after ADJ. Results: ADJ slightly improved the correlation coefficient (Pearson r) between SpHb and LabHb levels from 0.65 to 0.72. In Bland-Altman analysis, ADJ reduced the bias from 1.76 ± 1.47 g/dL to 0.64 ± 1.43 g/dL, while the 95% limits of agreement of -1.12 to 4.64 g/dL (range: 5.77 g/dL) without ADJ improved to -2.16 to 3.44 g/dL (range: 5.59 g/dL) with ADJ. In four-quadrant analysis, other than samples in the exclusion zone, the total number analyzed was 326, and the concordance rate was 82%. Conclusion: Although the accuracy of SpHb measurement improves on ADJ, SpHb measurement cannot substitute for LabHb levels, and it is necessary to determine Hb levels with blood gas analysis in the laboratory. It remains unclear which measurement is superior for determining when to initiate blood transfusion to achieve better outcomes. To comply with conventional methods, LabHb measurements may be necessary.